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And based on the elastic mechanical theory, the author established the flexing formula of these structures and answered it.
Soil Pressure The main load by the sustaining structure to resist is soil load, but the displacement of the structure is the important factor to influence the soil pressure.
The property of the cement is.
The material of the steel is Q235-A.F, the property is ,.
The first part is related to the initial stress state of the soil body, and the latter one is mainly related to the property of structure, the construction sequence, the soil status and so on. 2.

The transverse stresses σy, σz, τyz and other stresses away from the cutting plane will not affect the deformation on the boundary.
Two sets of tension-compression test data were recorded to examine the mechanical behaviour of the En8, one with the maximum loading strain of 0.026 and the other with the maximum strain approximate to 0.051.
Table 1 Measured Mechanical Properties of En8 (080M40) 0.2%Yield Stress (σ0) Elastic Modulus (E) Poisson's ratio (µ) Strain hardening exponent (n) Units MPa GPa Measured 450 195 0.295 6.5 The specimen containing the cold expanded hole was 100mm long, 40mm wide and 12mm thick, machined from a cold-drawn flat bar blank with cross section of 2" × 0.5" (49mm × 12.25mm).
However, efforts were made to minimize errors from each of these factors.
A multi-linear material model was used to represent the En8 mechanical behaviour in the FE analysis.

Actual mining process was studied through calculation with every step of 10m excavation, as open stope method was used for this mining, the support effect of artificial ore column was affected by designed strength construction process and other factors influences, roof-contacting was often not enough or pillar strength could not reach design requirements and resulted in movement and even collapse of goaf overlying rock stratum.
(b) AE distribution of overburden rock with mining 30m (a) Failure model of overburden rock (a) AE distribution of overburden rock with mining 20m (b) Schematic diagram of mechanical model Fig.1.
Failure and mechanical models diagram of overburden rock under mining layout Fig.2.
The microcracks of the gathered nucleation will greatly reduce the mechanical properties of rock material; with the increase of goaf and under the influences of tectonic stress, self-weight stress and external disturbances, macroscopic failure was produced in the so-called " tranquil period " of AE.

Even though SMA's have a lot of disadvantages, with the correct determination of properties a workable prototype should be able to be manufactured.
Aspects like electrical, thermal and mechanical behavior need to be designed simultaneously.
On the other side experimenting data can be invaluable due to the close relation with all the different factors.
Ashby, The selection of mechanical actuators based on performance indices.
Duerig, The Mechanical Aspects of Constrained Recovery, in Engineering aspects of Shape Memory Alloys, T.W.

EDM is best suited for machining high strength conductive materials since neither mechanical contact nor cutting is necessary [1].
When tools are miniaturized, the surface microstructure and material texture begin to affect the mechanical properties of the components; thus undesirably increasing the structural sensitivity.
Micro tools used for micro punching and micro cutting require sufficient mechanical strength to withstand the load during machining.
Yates algorithm for finding significant factors of the overcut of the produced holes Fig.4 Half normal probability plot for the overcut of the micro holes Regression analysis is also performed to find out the relationship between process variables and performance characteristics considered.

Dynamic Analysis and Structural Optimization for a Logging While Drilling Neutron Instrument Chao WEIa, Qiu-yue SUNb, Yuan-ying QIUc and Jun-jie YE* School of Electro-Mechanical Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China aweichao1927@163.com,bsunqiuyue900816@163.com, cyyqiu@mail.xidian.edu.cn, *ronkey6000@sina.com Keywords: Logging while drilling neutron instrument, Dynamic analysis, Topological form improvement, Structural parameter optimization Abstract.
The uniqueness of the function and structure form of the LWD neutron instrument studied in this paper leads to its particularity of the dynamic characteristics and influencing factors.
Due to structural complexity, the geometric model of the LWD neutron instrument is simplified as follows: deleting chamfering, holes and thread relief groove and simplifying the local components which compose of many small parts but have little influence on the mechanical properties of the whole model.
Therefore, it can be concluded that the modals of the x and y directions are easy to be inspired to cause the resonances and this will make the root-mean-square value of the acceleration response enlarge and then affect the precision of the instrument readings.
Li, Mechanical Vibration Theory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 2005.

Results revealed that the dynamic behavior of the pipelines is strongly affected by slug parameters.
LOF as it clearly elaborated in the guideline of avoidance of vibration induced fatigue failure in piping systems [13] depends on the fluid kinetic energy (ρv2), support arrangement, Flow vibration factor Fv, and Fluid Viscosity Factor FVF.
Case UG (m/s) Ul (m/s) Um (m/s) 1 4.219 0.502 4.721 2 4.219 1.003 5.222 3 4.219 1.505 5.724 The standard physical properties for air and water at 25 Co were used and properties of the carbon steel pipe are shown in Table. 3.
Carbon Steel Properties.
Property Unit Value Density kg/m3 7800 Young Modulus GPa 206.8 Poisson Ratio - 0.285 Results and Discussions Maximum Principal Stresses.

Rubber asphalt as the blend system of asphalt and rubber powder, rubber powder asphalt character, nature, between the two blend modes are likely to affect the rubber asphalt stress absorbing layer performance.
Experiment This paper selects five experiments, respectively is the rubber powder screening experiment, the matrix asphalt rotary viscosity experiments, matrix asphalt penetration test, Losangeles abrasion loss experiment of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate apparent density experiment described. 1） Rubber powder screening experiment The rubber powder screening experiment using YX ultrasonic rock advanced screen, the system in the traditional vibration sieve ultrasonic vibration wave on the basis of the introduction of a low amplitude, high frequency on the screen of the (mechanical wave), the ultra fine powder receiving huge ultrasound acceleration, thereby inhibiting the adhesion, friction, down, wedge such as blocking net factor, improving the screening efficiency and the net cleaning efficiency. 2）Rotary viscosity experiments of asphalt The viscosity of asphalt is the embodiment of force an inherent molecular substances resist friction.
In practical engineering, considering the road grade, raw material prices and other factors, suggestion for selecting rubber powder 20 mesh - between 40 eyes using. 4.4 The proportion of rubber powder In order to determine the proportion of rubber powder addition on properties of rubber asphalt influence, the contrast test of various conventional indexes of different rubber powder of the design of the.
Properties of Concrete Containing Scrap-Tire Rubber–An Overview.Waste Management.( 2004) [3] M Nehdi, A Khan.
Cementitious composites containing recycled tire rubber: an overview of engineering properties and potential applications.

Properties of the dynamic strength of the materials can then be derived from the stress strain curves under different strain rate loadings.
Conclusions Compression tests have been performed on two different materials of distinctively different properties.
ASM Handbook, Mechanical Testing, Vol. 8 (1985). 3.
Tweeddale, The Mechanical Properties of Metals.
Burgan, Elevated temperature and high strain rate properties of offshore steels, Health and Safety Executive (UK 2001). 8.

It is found that changing the loading location of viscous medium can greatly affect the deformation behavior of sheet metal.
Tensile test is carried out to determine its mechanical properties according to ASTM E8.
Process parameters and mechanical properties of materials used in numerical simulation are same as that in experiments.
The friction at the interface of sheet and viscous medium is described by using shear friction model and the shear friction factor is 0.2, which is determined through conducting the combination of extrusion tests and FEM simulations.