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Introduction In the internal-combustion engine, the piston is one of the most intensive parts in work, which is in the worst work environment, and its quality directly affects the usability, reliability, economy and life of internal-combustion engine, so material is the key factor to determine the piston performance[1-3].
At present, aluminum piston is the development trend of car engine, but high-temperature mechanical property and adhibition resistance of aluminum is poor and can’t meet the requirement of engine performance.
It is the current development tendency of composite material to improve the friction and wear properties of the matrix by mixing reinforcement with the wear-resistant and anti-friction[6-7].
[2] Du Jun Liu Yaohui Yu Sirong, Progress in Hybrid Reinforced Cast Metal Matrix Composite[J], Special Casting & Nonferrous Alloys, 2002(6): 19-22 [3] Fang Hao; Zhang Guoding; Chen Rong; Fei Zhuming; Wang Huiming; Tian Wei，Tribological Properties and Wear Resistance of Al2O3 Short Fibre and SiC Particle Hybrid Reinforced 2024 Alloy[J] .
Compressive and tribological properties of Al2O3 fibre and hexagonal BN particle hybrid reinforced Al-Si alloys [J].

Introduction Magnesium (Mg) with its favorable physical and mechanical properties has been the focus of recent research for structural applications especially in automotive and aerospace industries, primarily because of its light weight (36% lighter per unit volume than Al and 78% lighter than iron).
Furthermore, it has been reported that the electrolyte chemistry has a significant influence on the properties of coatings formed by PEO [4].
Generally, the corrosion resistance of the PEO coatings depends on many factors such as composition, surface morphology, phases present and thickness of the coatings.
Thus it is reasonable to conclude that there are multiple factors which contribute to the superior corrosion resistance of lower thickness coating on S3.
He, Effects of sodium tungstate on properties of micro-arc coatings on magnesium alloys, Trans.

Introduction The composites of a metal matrix (MMCs) are a modern major influencing factor material wherein rigidly ceramic reinforcement, such as fibres and particulates of ceramics, with high elastic modulus and strength, are incorporated in a ductile metal matrix, including iron, titanium, magnesium, aluminium, copper, nickel, or alloy matrix, to resolve the insufficiencies of alloys and metals in providing mechanical properties [2].
Nonetheless, since NiAl occurs in a wide variety of stoichiometries, it is possible to improve its mechanical properties by alloying it with suitable alloying additions (including Zr, W, Hf, Cr, Co, Mn, Ti, Ta, Nb).
Han, 1999, “Microstructure and mechanical properties of NiAlCo–TiB2 composites”, Materials Letters, vol. 38. pp: 54–57 (1990)
Kudoh, “Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of NiAl Intermetallic Compound Synthesized By Reactive Sintering Under Pressure”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 63, 293-302 (1997)
Lin 1997 “Effect of Iron addition on the mechanical properties of Al2O3-NiAl CMMCs”, Engineering Materials Vols. 127-131 pp. 447-454

Characteristic geometric and material properties, which were mentioned in the preceding text, were used for the analysis.
The hydrostatic head of the liquid in the tank is the principal factor determining the thickness of the tank shell.
This is due to the fact that a step change in the thickness of the shell occurs at the edge of the course and the stress is then also affected by the variability of the thickness of the adjacent course and the membrane state is disrupted.
Swita, Structural stability and reliability of the underground steel tanks with the Stochastic Finite Element Method, Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering.
Zobal, Influence of humidity on the material properties of cement paste with fly ash in the mutual relation 50/50, Applied Mechanics and Materials, 486 (2014) 327–332

Comparing with other methods, addition of carbide forming elements within the Fe matrix seems to be more efficient because of simple and low cost of production and tendency to improving the mechanical properties, wear and corrosion resistance of balls.
The cause of selection the Ti as the additive is its high affinity to carbon in order to formation hard TiC particles in the steel matrix, tendency to dissolving Cr and Mn within the Fe matrix and subsequently increasing the mechanical properties and wear and corrosion resistance of balls.
However fabrication and mechanical properties of Fe-TiC composites was investigated by some probers and it is indicated that, incorporation of a relatively low volume fraction of ceramic particulate reinforcements significantly increases the wear resistance of the steel matrix[2].
Therefore, sliding distance, TiC content and applied load are the most significant factors and mesh size of abrasive paper has the least impact on the wear loss of samples.
Statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to identify the effect of individual factors on the process response and understanding which process parameters are statistically significant.

Fixed-abrasive pad which is made by the abrasives with organic matrix has swelling properties and self-conditioning function and can keep lapping stably without passivation and glazing [5-6].
Subsurface damage (SSD) caused by lapping will directly affect the strength, stability, imaging quality, coating quality and laser induced damage threshold of optical material.
Li et al. adopted differential chemical etching method (DCEM) to measure the SSD depth and show that DCEM can effectively reduce the effect of environmental factor and greatly improve the efficiency and accuracy of experiment [8-9].
DCEM differences the etching rate of lapped and substrate sample to reduce or eliminate the environment factors impact on measurement accuracy.
With the decreasing of particle size, the SSD depth is smaller and surface quality is better, and the differential etch rate method can effectively reduce the effect on environmental factors.

Manufacture Technique Basis Sealing of TCs in the precision drilled holes through the SP body has to fulfill several conditions simultaneously : to preserve the physical integrity of the sheath and the electric properties (insulation resistance) of the TC, to be electro-chemically compatible to the other parts of the assembly (i.e. corrosion resistant) and not less important, to be qualified as part / joint of a pressure vessel according to the applicable code.
The erosion rate and extent depend on several factors : mutual solubility of the BM and filler, amount of filler in around the BM, temperature and duration of the filler being in liquid phase.
The purpose for qualification of a brazing procedure is to determine that the brazing proposed for construction is capable of providing the required properties for its intended application [7].
Since brazing Inconel proved to be a task with erratic results, depending on more factors than strictly the brazing cycle, we decided to do simultaneous brazing tests with Inconel and SS TCs, with close visual observation of the process kinetics, as a start point for the rest of the experiments.
In operation, the mechanical load on the TC and on the brazement is never tension, but high pressure on one side of the SP.

Now a new thermohydrogenising processing has become the most potential method to improve the microstructure and properties of this alloy [2-5].
However, the flow stress and microstructure evolution during the hot compression were affected by many factors, such as deformation temperature, strain rate and hydrogen content.
In recent years, many researchers have tried to establish ANN models of microstructure evolution and properties of materials [6-9].
Prediction of Microstructure Evolution It is well known that the microstructure of titanium alloys is very sensitive to the process parameters, which also results in a strong sensitivity of the service properties.
%H，Td= 700°C，ε& = 8.3×10 -2s-1; (CH:：hydrogen content；Td: deformation temperature; ε& : strain rate) (a) 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 3 2 1 True Stress (MPa) True Strain 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 Experiment Simulation Data 5 4 True Stress (MPa) True Strain (b) Summary In the hydrogenised Ti-6Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V alloy, determination of the microstructure and mechanical properties has been achieved by artificial neural networks.

Nanosized calcium carbonate has become one of the most important inorganic materials as additive because it improves the mechanical properties, processing performances of organic high polymers as well as lowers the cost [1].
Analyzing from the thermodynamics, the dispersion and sedimentation behaviors of particles are determined by the interfacial free energy which is affected by the surface energy as well as properties of particles and properties of the media comprehensively [13].
The organic molecules layer was an important factor leading to the changes of surface and interfacial free energies of CaCO3.
That indicated that the composition property on the surfaces of CaCO3 was covered by organic non-polar property of WTP-08.
Lu: Industrial Suspension-Properties, Preparation and Processing (Chem.

The method provides an environmentally–friendly alternative to soil improvement technologies, which conventionally depends on high mechanical energy and hazardous chemical admixtures to improve the geomechanical properties of soils [1,2].
Biocementation via EICP can improve the geomechanical properties of various soils by increasing the stiffness and shear strength, reducing hydraulic conductivity [4,5].
It is hypothesised that adding amendments such as activated carbon and biochar may improve the mechanical properties of the soil and reduce the amount of carbon emission and ammonium ion to the environment.
Zheng, Review of the Factors That Influence on the Microbial Induced Calcite Precipitation, Civ.
Choi, Engineering Properties of Biocementation Coarse- and Fine-Grained Sand Catalyzed By Bacterial Cells and Bacterial Enzyme, J.