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The free flight kinematic properties of a blunt-nosed cylindrical projectile on the upstream and downstream of a test coupon were measured using a high-speed camera imaging system.
Majority of the studies essentially conclude that this crucial information is strongly determined by the kinematic properties of the projectile.
Some of the highlighted difficulties are imaging system positioning and constraining to satisfy its prescribed properties, and evaluating the residual velocity of projectile during the post perforation test.
The camera property is one of the factors that contribute to the image blurring phenomena and it is equal to the interframing times.
It is convenient to represent the kinematic properties in terms of non-dimensional velocity and distance.

Ryntz et al. found that the machinability of gray cast iron can be also affected by the hardness of gray iron cast, and a suitable hardness can provide an excellent machinability [2, 3].
It indicated that the mass fraction of microcarbides is a main factor to influence the machinability of the gray cast iron.
The alloying technique is an effective method to improve mechanical properties of gray cast iron parts [8].
Alloying can not only improve the machinability at thin section by minimizing the chilling tendency, but also enhance properties at thin and thick-walled section by grain refinement [9].
A study on improving material property stability of cylinder body.

Introduction NiTi alloys with near-equiatomic composition show excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, and therefore, have been already used in industrial, medical, and other applications [1-3].
There are several factors effective to change NiTi transformation temperature, such as: Ni content, heat treatment, thermal cycling, thermo-mechanical treatments and addition of a third element [4-8].
Effects of heat treatment, thermo-mechanical treatment, Nb content and Ni/Ti ratio on transformation temperature of NiTiNb alloy has been studied extensively [11-13].
Therefore, purpose of the present work is to investigate how annealing temperature affects transformation behaviors and texture.
In order to gain better properties of cold-rolled plates, heat treatment needs to be optimized.

The degree of osseointegration is a key factor, which dominates the clinical successful rate and rehabilitation process of the amputee who uses trans-femoral implant for limb attachment.
The authors believe that when the insertion location of implant is fixed, the vibration characteristic of the implant system should be mainly dominated by the mechanical property of the osseointegration interface between implant and bone.
Fig. 4 Contacts between implant and bone -12V YOUT XOUT YFILT XFILT CY CX CO VDD OSCILLATOR X Y DEMO DEMO ADXL210EJ 5V 32kΩΩΩΩ 32kΩΩΩΩ +12V LP324N Unity Gain Buffer ADC T RSET XOU T YOUT Stump Femur Implant Abutment Enlarged thread contact between implant and bone In terms of mechanical vibration characteristics, the stiffness of the interface material is the key of factor affects the natural frequency of the implant vibration.
Figure 7 shows that the implant stability is closely related to the mechanical characteristic, more specifically the stiffness of the implant-bone interface.

We found the mixture of methyl naphthalene and dodecane could represent the properties of commercial grade diesel well and the full explanation about components in diesel will be reported by our group later.
Those results may be attributed to two factors; OCV and concentration overpotential.
Gas compositions of reformed gases affected substantially to OCV at constant temperature.
Especially through comparison between Fig.5(b) and Fig.5(c), it is noticed that O2/C is more sensitive factor to cell performance than H2O/C.
In our system, we found O2/C is more sensitive factor than H2/O to control cell voltage.

Introduction Terrestrial ecosystem is sources and confluence of material and energy flow within geosphere and biosphere, so land use/cover change (LUCC) arisen mainly from social economic activities must tremendously affect climate, hydraulic, biogeochemical cycle and biodiversity[1-10,27-28].
Because of experimental plots’ small area, short length and same gradient of slope, the physical and chemical properties of soil are similar, therefore, the capacity to resist erosion has not obvious difference, which is mainly determined by grassland coverage.
In this research, LUCC affects formation of runoff and soil erosion mainly through the following process.
The former refers to the ability to resist dispersing and suspending of runoff, depending on the appetency of soil particle and water, having a relation with the inner physical and chemical factors; the latter refers to the ability to resist destroying mechanical and driving downward movement of runoff, depending on resisting discrete force among the soil and cementation force among soil particle and microstructure[24].
Analysis on formative factors and damage of soil erosion in China [J].

Generally, aluminum is a light metal with low hardness, good ductility and low density, while the addition of ceramic particles, whiskers, fibers can tailor the material properties by combining the matrix alloys and the reinforced phase.
The physical properties of the composite are the following: tensile strength 170MPa, hardness 82HB, mass density 2.36 g/cm3 and porosity ratio 10-15%.
The elastic recovery ratio is determined by many factors, mainly workpiece material properties, depth of cut and the tip radius of the whisker cutting edge.
The material in the machined surface has elastic recovery h which is determined by the physical properties of the workpiece material, the nose radius of the cutter, and the process parameters.
Lee: International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, Vol.43 (2001), pp.2047-2068

A few work conducted in Japan and China has suggested that the elevated properties of magnesium alloys can be further improved using alloys based on the Mg-Gd and Mg-Dy systems.
The microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of these alloys have been well documented in general [9-11].
Three mainly factors to affect grain growth are temperature, second phases and dissolved impurity or alloying element.

It was widely used in defense, construction, traffic and decorating for impact resistance, anti-ultraviolet and excellent optical properties [1, 2].
The effect of temperature on bending behavior of laminated glass is mainly dependent on the mechanical properties of PVB between two pieces of glass are sensitive to temperature.
Tensile bonding strength was affected by the defects and the impurities of the interface.
For the superposition of the above factors, the shear strength was increasing with temperature decreasing.

One of the critical factors determining the quality of optical ceramics is the absence of impurity phases in the initial ceramic powders.
In these cases, a mechanical mixture of YSAG:Yb and Al2O3 was detected.
Thus, this impurity phase does not adversely affect the optical quality of ceramics [13].
Ma, Fabrication and laser properties of transparent Yb:YAG ceramics, Opt.
Meijerink, Ce3+-Doped garnet phosphors: Composition modification, luminescence properties and applications, Chem.