Sort by:
Publication Type:
Open access:
Publication Date:
Periodicals:
Search results
Online since: August 2020
Authors: Susan Hanuningrum Krisanti, Endang Triningsih
Methodologies
This study establishes assessment methods to provide data for the contribution of porous paving as a sustainable urban landscape architectural element.
By observing its everyday usage for a certain period of time, the study was able to collect data of its performance.
The data were gathered before and after the application.
This means that there is major reduction in the infiltration rate of 63.5% due to minimal maintenance.
Through a rough calculation based on available data, the government of Bandung could apply for the very least 1,041 ha of porous paving throughout the city.
By observing its everyday usage for a certain period of time, the study was able to collect data of its performance.
The data were gathered before and after the application.
This means that there is major reduction in the infiltration rate of 63.5% due to minimal maintenance.
Through a rough calculation based on available data, the government of Bandung could apply for the very least 1,041 ha of porous paving throughout the city.
Online since: November 2017
Authors: Ahmed El-Ghannam, Alla El Din Mohamed, Mervat Mohamed Fouad El-Deftar
Informed consents were obtained from females undergoing reduction mammoplasty.
Data is shown in table 2 and Figure 1.
Sample SiO2 (%) P2O2 (%) CaO (%) Na2O (%) Particle size (µm) SCPC50 19.49 20.34 40.68 19.49 250-425 Table 2: Porosity Data Measured Using Mercury Intrusion Technique.
The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, SPSS Inc) version 15.0 was used for the analysis of data.
Histomorphometric findings were analyzed and the data were presented as average or mean +/- standard deviation (SD).
Data is shown in table 2 and Figure 1.
Sample SiO2 (%) P2O2 (%) CaO (%) Na2O (%) Particle size (µm) SCPC50 19.49 20.34 40.68 19.49 250-425 Table 2: Porosity Data Measured Using Mercury Intrusion Technique.
The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, SPSS Inc) version 15.0 was used for the analysis of data.
Histomorphometric findings were analyzed and the data were presented as average or mean +/- standard deviation (SD).
Online since: January 2009
Authors: Yuan Hua, Tai Quan Zhou
The
bottom tunnel deforms upper wards, the tunnel arch deforms downwards and the tunnel side wall
deforms inwards, which yields the tunnel headroom reduction.
right wall waist left wall waist left arch foot Measured line 2 Measured line 1 right arch foot Fig. 4 Horizontal convergence measured line location 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 20 40 60 80 100 Day Horizontal convergence/ mm Measured data at line 1 Measured data at line 2 0 1 2 3 4 0 20 40 60 80 Day Horizontal convergence/ mm Measured data from line 1 Measured data from line 2 (a) DK134+170 (b) DK134+370 Fig.5 Measured horizontal convergence line results As can be seen from Fig. 5, the maximum measured horizontal convergence result is 4mm, which means that the tunnel deformation is small.
right wall waist left wall waist left arch foot Measured line 2 Measured line 1 right arch foot Fig. 4 Horizontal convergence measured line location 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 20 40 60 80 100 Day Horizontal convergence/ mm Measured data at line 1 Measured data at line 2 0 1 2 3 4 0 20 40 60 80 Day Horizontal convergence/ mm Measured data from line 1 Measured data from line 2 (a) DK134+170 (b) DK134+370 Fig.5 Measured horizontal convergence line results As can be seen from Fig. 5, the maximum measured horizontal convergence result is 4mm, which means that the tunnel deformation is small.
Online since: October 2007
Authors: M. Takahashi, Naoki Maruyama, T. Ogawa
The
vacuum-melted ingot was first hot-rolled to a thickness of 3 mm, and then cold-rolled to 1 mm
(reduction: 67%).
All the data did not lie along the straight line, although a good fitting parameter (R 2=0.95) was obtained if the data at the holding of 10 s was excluded from a least squares fitting.
The line shows the result of a least square fitting by the data from the annealing time from 100 s to 1000 s.
For a further discussion, more detailed data would be necessary.
All the data did not lie along the straight line, although a good fitting parameter (R 2=0.95) was obtained if the data at the holding of 10 s was excluded from a least squares fitting.
The line shows the result of a least square fitting by the data from the annealing time from 100 s to 1000 s.
For a further discussion, more detailed data would be necessary.
Online since: July 2011
Authors: Xue Bin Yang, Yi Ying Luo, Zong Min Yu, Hou Ren Xiong, Hai Bin Jiang
The heat flow meter automatically record and save the testing data, which can be exported by professional software.
Then the conductivity of the thermal insulation material and the heat transfer coefficient of the energy-saving wall can be measured accurately and reliably with a significant reduction of human error.
The testing data were recorded in period with steady temperature and without wind unit operating.
The data are recorded under the condition of fluctuations in heat flux smaller than 10%, which can be seen as a steady state.
The heat transfer coefficients of 1# wall and 2# wall can be calculated by formula 1 and from the data in Table 3.
Then the conductivity of the thermal insulation material and the heat transfer coefficient of the energy-saving wall can be measured accurately and reliably with a significant reduction of human error.
The testing data were recorded in period with steady temperature and without wind unit operating.
The data are recorded under the condition of fluctuations in heat flux smaller than 10%, which can be seen as a steady state.
The heat transfer coefficients of 1# wall and 2# wall can be calculated by formula 1 and from the data in Table 3.
Online since: April 2014
Authors: Hong Kai Zhao, Ya Bing Liu, Hong Jie Wang
Reflection intensity data for 1 was collected on a Brucker-AXS Smart CCD diffractometer at room temperature with graphite monochromated Mo-Kα (λ = 0.71073 Å) radiation.
Neither crystal showed evidence of crystal decay during data collections.
A summary of the crystallographic data and structure refinements for 1 is given in Table 1.
Table 1 Crystal data and structure refinement for1 Empirical formula C30H42W12N6O44Si Formula weight 3424.99 Crystal system triclinic Space group P Unit cell dimensions a = 11.803(2) Å α = 98.544(1) deg b = 11.806(2) Å β = 98.131(1) deg c = 21.369(4) Å γ = 100.270(1) deg Volume, Z 2854.1(9), 2 Absorption coefficient 24.206 mm-1 F(000) 3036 θ range (deg) 1.78-23.49 Reflections collected 6788 / 6788 Independent reflections 6788 / 0 / 818 Goodness-of-fit on F2 1.067 Final R indices [I>2θ(I)] R1 = 0.0456, wR2 = 0.1296 Largest diff. peak and hole 2.377 and -2.648 e.Å -3 aR1 = å||Fo| -|Fe||/å|Fo|; bwR = {[åw(Fo2 - Fe2)2]/[åw(Fo2)2]}1/2 2.4 Photocatalytic degradation of RhB. 20 mg 1 was dispersed in 100 mL rhodamine B solution (RhB, 20 mg·L-1), which was stirred at constant speed in a jacketed
The results indicate that compounds 1 show excellent photocatalytic activities for the degradation of RhB, which may be good candidates for photocatalysts with photocatalytic activities in the reduction of some organic dyes.
Neither crystal showed evidence of crystal decay during data collections.
A summary of the crystallographic data and structure refinements for 1 is given in Table 1.
Table 1 Crystal data and structure refinement for1 Empirical formula C30H42W12N6O44Si Formula weight 3424.99 Crystal system triclinic Space group P Unit cell dimensions a = 11.803(2) Å α = 98.544(1) deg b = 11.806(2) Å β = 98.131(1) deg c = 21.369(4) Å γ = 100.270(1) deg Volume, Z 2854.1(9), 2 Absorption coefficient 24.206 mm-1 F(000) 3036 θ range (deg) 1.78-23.49 Reflections collected 6788 / 6788 Independent reflections 6788 / 0 / 818 Goodness-of-fit on F2 1.067 Final R indices [I>2θ(I)] R1 = 0.0456, wR2 = 0.1296 Largest diff. peak and hole 2.377 and -2.648 e.Å -3 aR1 = å||Fo| -|Fe||/å|Fo|; bwR = {[åw(Fo2 - Fe2)2]/[åw(Fo2)2]}1/2 2.4 Photocatalytic degradation of RhB. 20 mg 1 was dispersed in 100 mL rhodamine B solution (RhB, 20 mg·L-1), which was stirred at constant speed in a jacketed
The results indicate that compounds 1 show excellent photocatalytic activities for the degradation of RhB, which may be good candidates for photocatalysts with photocatalytic activities in the reduction of some organic dyes.
Online since: February 2013
Authors: Yan Bai, Ji Zhen Liu, Jin Jin Lu, Yi Xin Xu, Jian Ming Qiu
When WTG is set in Maximum Output Control Mode, the operating point is A, then, if the wind speed is reduced to V2, the output power will inevitably reduce due to the reduction of max output power.
Considering the Ci is related to wind speed fluctuation situation and the difference between WTG set output value and actual max output capacity( the difference bigger, the de-loaded level is deeper thus the risk bigger),this paper use Ci=WVi*m,WVi is the index reflect the wind speed fluctuation of the ith WTG, and can be replaced by the wind speed variance of the most recent (within 1 hour) historical data(Vari) and the next predicted value which reflects the fluctuation condition(Vpred), m is the fuzzy index of de-loaded penalty coefficient ,the detailed plot is show in Fig.1.
Simulation and evaluation of the porposed approach In this paper we use historical wind speed (with the interval of 10 minutes) data and the corresponding power data of 10 wind turbines with different speed fluctuation condition and similar capacity in a wind farm at Chifeng, Inner Mongolia..
Table.1 Characteristic Data of WTG i 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Vi1 6.6 9 9.6 10.1 9.9 7.9 8.6 11.5 7.7 9.4 Vi2 7.5 5.9 6.8 9 8.6 7.7 6.8 11.1 5.5 7.2 Vi3 8.1 7 5 8 6.4 7.2 9.6 10.5 7.9 7.5 Vi4 7.9 6.3 6.7 9.8 7.9 8.6 8.1 11.9 6.8 9.6 Vi5 9.9 7.4 7.9 10.9 9.4 10.2 9.9 10.6 7.8 9.2 Vpredi 9.6 8.4 8.8 10.4 9.4 10.6 11.7 11.4 10.5 9.7 Vari 1.46 1.45 2.875 1.223 1.883 1.357 1.545 0.352 1.033 1.292 Pdictmaxi 825 568.7 731.8 1001.7 846 991.5 1142 1099 1053 887 Pdictmini 701.2 483.4 622 851.45 719.1 842.8 970.7 934.2 895.1 754 Table.2 Allocation Scheme outcome of proposed particle swarm optimization i 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 fitness Prefi 752 526 631 919 780 902 1017 1040 951 780 0.439 Prefi 737 517 629 907.5 771 900 1020 1047 976 806 0.442 Prefi 744 520 635 858 760 909 1029 1067 959 811.4 0.434 By using static model the output of each WTG with different wind speed is calculated in the real time, and when the calculated output is higher than set-value Pord,i, we set the output as Pord,i, under the assumption
Considering the Ci is related to wind speed fluctuation situation and the difference between WTG set output value and actual max output capacity( the difference bigger, the de-loaded level is deeper thus the risk bigger),this paper use Ci=WVi*m,WVi is the index reflect the wind speed fluctuation of the ith WTG, and can be replaced by the wind speed variance of the most recent (within 1 hour) historical data(Vari) and the next predicted value which reflects the fluctuation condition(Vpred), m is the fuzzy index of de-loaded penalty coefficient ,the detailed plot is show in Fig.1.
Simulation and evaluation of the porposed approach In this paper we use historical wind speed (with the interval of 10 minutes) data and the corresponding power data of 10 wind turbines with different speed fluctuation condition and similar capacity in a wind farm at Chifeng, Inner Mongolia..
Table.1 Characteristic Data of WTG i 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Vi1 6.6 9 9.6 10.1 9.9 7.9 8.6 11.5 7.7 9.4 Vi2 7.5 5.9 6.8 9 8.6 7.7 6.8 11.1 5.5 7.2 Vi3 8.1 7 5 8 6.4 7.2 9.6 10.5 7.9 7.5 Vi4 7.9 6.3 6.7 9.8 7.9 8.6 8.1 11.9 6.8 9.6 Vi5 9.9 7.4 7.9 10.9 9.4 10.2 9.9 10.6 7.8 9.2 Vpredi 9.6 8.4 8.8 10.4 9.4 10.6 11.7 11.4 10.5 9.7 Vari 1.46 1.45 2.875 1.223 1.883 1.357 1.545 0.352 1.033 1.292 Pdictmaxi 825 568.7 731.8 1001.7 846 991.5 1142 1099 1053 887 Pdictmini 701.2 483.4 622 851.45 719.1 842.8 970.7 934.2 895.1 754 Table.2 Allocation Scheme outcome of proposed particle swarm optimization i 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 fitness Prefi 752 526 631 919 780 902 1017 1040 951 780 0.439 Prefi 737 517 629 907.5 771 900 1020 1047 976 806 0.442 Prefi 744 520 635 858 760 909 1029 1067 959 811.4 0.434 By using static model the output of each WTG with different wind speed is calculated in the real time, and when the calculated output is higher than set-value Pord,i, we set the output as Pord,i, under the assumption
Online since: September 2014
Authors: Sujan Chowdhury, Bawadi Abdullah, Abrar Inayat, Saibal Ganguly, Abdul Aziz Omar
The coal sample operation could be divided into two main steps involving first, the collection of a gross sample followed by the reduction to a size convenient for laboratory work and finally, the preparation of laboratory sample for analysis [2].
In addition, experimental data obtained from a lab scale coal gasification system could be used as the basis for the scale up of this technology.
It was observed from the analytical data that BP and IJ–2 coal exceeded the higher rank limit of bulk density.
Simulated data indicate that in order to generate a 110 kW of electric power, approximately 220 kg h-1 of coal would be gasified at 600–1173 K and 46.2 atm with the reactor volume 0.27 m3.
Based on the gasification data analysis, approximtely 220 kg h-1 of BK coal would be gasified to generate 110 kW electric power with more than 67% (dry basis) of H2 and CO are generated at 900 K and 46.2 atm, and in addition to the hydrogen generation, approximately 3.8 × 105 kcal h-1 of thermal energy may be recovered.
In addition, experimental data obtained from a lab scale coal gasification system could be used as the basis for the scale up of this technology.
It was observed from the analytical data that BP and IJ–2 coal exceeded the higher rank limit of bulk density.
Simulated data indicate that in order to generate a 110 kW of electric power, approximately 220 kg h-1 of coal would be gasified at 600–1173 K and 46.2 atm with the reactor volume 0.27 m3.
Based on the gasification data analysis, approximtely 220 kg h-1 of BK coal would be gasified to generate 110 kW electric power with more than 67% (dry basis) of H2 and CO are generated at 900 K and 46.2 atm, and in addition to the hydrogen generation, approximately 3.8 × 105 kcal h-1 of thermal energy may be recovered.
Online since: August 2011
Authors: Chang Run Xiao, Wen Zhao Zhang, Rui Jie Liu
The Finite Element Analysis is an indispensable step in the 3d design.It includes turning the physical model of the structure into mathematical model for calculating finite element, the choice and modification of the calculating program and the processing of the huge information data of the whole progress.
Corresponding analysis can be realized via these data.
CATIA V5 provides a software platform together for two procedures,modeling and analysis; it avoids the data loss of 3D models due to interface problems caused by transfer between different softwares.Finite Element Analysis carrys on accurate analysis of the actual working condition of the submarine self-propelled model and it provides software support for precise design.
Parameter table corresponding to model files should be built up by parametricvariable currently created.And corresponding to standard parts of the same type but different sizes, their parametric data should be added to the parameter table.
It has brought the advantages of great convenience, reduction of error probability and design cycle.
Corresponding analysis can be realized via these data.
CATIA V5 provides a software platform together for two procedures,modeling and analysis; it avoids the data loss of 3D models due to interface problems caused by transfer between different softwares.Finite Element Analysis carrys on accurate analysis of the actual working condition of the submarine self-propelled model and it provides software support for precise design.
Parameter table corresponding to model files should be built up by parametricvariable currently created.And corresponding to standard parts of the same type but different sizes, their parametric data should be added to the parameter table.
It has brought the advantages of great convenience, reduction of error probability and design cycle.
Online since: September 2011
Authors: Shuai Liu, Ling Xu
However, semi-rigid connections of steel frame, with its excellent load performance, simple structure, easiness of construction, guaranty of high quality, save of steel for the node, increase of structural damping, extension of the period, reduction of damping, increase of ductility, reduces damage and other favorable conditions, are increasingly paid attention to by steel structure design and application domain both at home and abroad.
And lots of researches and procedures show that the endplate connection with light steel structure housing is a more economical and reasonable node form, and there have been some research achievements [5] .But the data on connection test on the angle research is little.
Pressure sensor is used to determine the thrust jack, 1 # dial indicator arranged in the beam flange to measure the displacement of the beam of control points and dial indicator arranged in the outer surface of column flange and the domain nodes to measure column field rotation and deformation of column web, Pull pressure sensor and the dial indicator to measure the horizontal displacement of beam which is connected with UCAM-70A static resistance data logger can draw P-△ curves directly.
(a)TB—1 (b) TB—2 (c)TB—3 (d) TC—1 (e)TC—2 Fig. 2 The test components node damage photos Two types node test results comparative analysis This experiment measured the main experimental data show in Table 2 Table 2 The main experimental data Specimen number Ultimate load Pu (KN) Elastic limit (KN) Ultimate displacement (mm) Elastic displacement (mm) Node limit angle (rad) The Node Moment of corresponding p(kn·m) TB-1 94.7 53.8 91.7 15.7 0.059 142.1 TB-2 96.3 55.2 110.7 19.8 0.053 144.4 TB-3 95.2 40.4 104.2 11.6 0.046 139.8 TC-1 90.4 46.7 131.7 18.8 0.068 102.6 TC-2 85.9 34.4 142.9 19.6 0.083 98.3 Conclusions (1).From the analysis of flexural capacity of the node, both semi-rigid moment rotation performance can be the non-linear connections, which are both between the ideal rigid and articulated.And what is more, the end plate connection
And lots of researches and procedures show that the endplate connection with light steel structure housing is a more economical and reasonable node form, and there have been some research achievements [5] .But the data on connection test on the angle research is little.
Pressure sensor is used to determine the thrust jack, 1 # dial indicator arranged in the beam flange to measure the displacement of the beam of control points and dial indicator arranged in the outer surface of column flange and the domain nodes to measure column field rotation and deformation of column web, Pull pressure sensor and the dial indicator to measure the horizontal displacement of beam which is connected with UCAM-70A static resistance data logger can draw P-△ curves directly.
(a)TB—1 (b) TB—2 (c)TB—3 (d) TC—1 (e)TC—2 Fig. 2 The test components node damage photos Two types node test results comparative analysis This experiment measured the main experimental data show in Table 2 Table 2 The main experimental data Specimen number Ultimate load Pu (KN) Elastic limit (KN) Ultimate displacement (mm) Elastic displacement (mm) Node limit angle (rad) The Node Moment of corresponding p(kn·m) TB-1 94.7 53.8 91.7 15.7 0.059 142.1 TB-2 96.3 55.2 110.7 19.8 0.053 144.4 TB-3 95.2 40.4 104.2 11.6 0.046 139.8 TC-1 90.4 46.7 131.7 18.8 0.068 102.6 TC-2 85.9 34.4 142.9 19.6 0.083 98.3 Conclusions (1).From the analysis of flexural capacity of the node, both semi-rigid moment rotation performance can be the non-linear connections, which are both between the ideal rigid and articulated.And what is more, the end plate connection