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Identify and evaluate the uncertain factors in pick force analysis.
Estimate and model the uncertainties in the material properties of the pick tips.
Various factors such as cutting modes, rock properties, drum and pick geometry, operational parameters, as well as the material of pick tips can affect these forces.
However, in reality, the factors affecting these forces are often uncertain and unpredictable.
Modeling the Properties of the TSDC TSDC is a type of new material.

(Isotropic properties).
Figure 9 shows the relationships between the dimensionless stress intensity factors and the loads for each crack angle when isotropic properties are used.
Figure 10 shows the relationships between the dimensionless stress intensity factors and the loads for each crack angle when anisotropic properties are used.
Anisotropic properties reach the FI value that is 35.7% higher than isotropic properties.
(Anisotropic properties).

aayumi-s@arch.kumamoto-u.ac.jp, bkanji_yamada@akita-pu.ac.jp, cshinohara.y.ab@m.titech.ac.jp Keywords: FEM Analysis, Fractography, Concrete, Mechanical Properties, Interface.
The material properties for the element are listed in Table 1, where 3 typical properties for interface are shown.
Material properties of element for FEM analysis.
Relation between mechanical properties and fractographic parameters.
It is known that there is a relation between Rr1 (or Rr4) and mechanical properties in the authors experiments [2], but no relation is found in this simulation.

The uniformity of heating applied across the entire width and length of the slab or billet is critical in the achievement of customer properties regardless of the chemistry.
This factor is often not given high priority when evaluating mechanical property diversions on an industrial scale.
The combustion and the heat transfer process influences the deformation schedule, recrystallization and the resultant mechanical properties of the final hot rolled product.
One customer reports that the surface properties improved so much with the oxy-fuel combustion practice that their skin-pass operation could be eliminated reducing operational cost. [5] The reheat furnace process metallurgy directly affects the prior austenite grain size before the hot rolling deformation step.
Consequently, mechanical properties through the thickness and across the width will vary considerably and deteriorate, especially toughness, yield-to tensile ratios and fatigue properties Effect of Reheat Furnace Process on Mechanical Properties Results of several studies confirmed the importance of proper furnace control in industrial trial production of 40-mm plates with specified minimum yield strength (SMYS) of 450 MPa at the 5-meter hot rolling mill of Vyksa Steel Works in Russia. [6] The chemical composition of the steel was 0.06% C, 0.20% Si, 1.6% Mn, 0.03% Nb, 0.016% Ti, and additions of Ni, Cu, Cr (Mo).

Analysed parameters are including, but not limited to: material flow, die filling, press loads, final product geometry, die service life investigation and product properties after forming.
Fig. 1: Double Cup Extrusion Test (DCET) Ghobrial et al. [10] investigated the effect of reduction in area (D2punch/D2container) to the cup height ratio for high and low friction factors.
Schrader et al. [9] studied the geometrical and process parameters affecting the cup height ratio and made proposals to design the test parameters for friction sensitivity.
Other thermo-physical properties, namely Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, thermal expansion coefficient, thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity are calculated as a function of temperature by using a material properties calculation software, JMatPro.
Hansen, Factors Affecting the Double Cup Extrusion Test for Evaluation of Friction in Cold and Warm Forging, CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology, Volume 42, Issue 1, 1993, Pages 347-351.

Another purpose of applying pressure is to produce a complete casting with the desired shape and improved mechanical properties.
This phenomenon enable increased in hardness value and better mechanical properties to be achieved.
Conclusion It is obvious from the results obtained that using fine sand grain for moulding and applying pressure affects the properties of lost foam casting.
It is found that applying pressure during solidification of Al-11Si cast alloy produced better mechanical properties of the alloy.
LEE2), Density and Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Lost Foam Casting by Pressurization during Solidification.

Since many influencing factors on the bending property of asphalt mixture, in order to explore the various factors on the influence degree of bending property, 16 kinds beam specimens of asphalt mixture, formed by different asphalt binders and different gradations of aggregate, were tested.
The influence degree of eight factors on the bending properties was analyzed by the gray entropy method.
Factors Analysis of the Beading property Asphalt mixture bending performance is affected by the characteristics of asphalt binder and mineral aggregate, thus determining which variables to characterize the properties of asphalt binder and mineral aggregate is the primary task.
In summary, this study selected 135 ℃ and 175 ℃ Brookfield viscosity, the maximum particle size, the key sieve pass rate (as 4.75 mm, 2.36 mm and 0.075 mm), asphalt-aggregate ratio and filler-bitumen ratio as the main influencing factors of asphalt mixture bending performance, to determine which factors have the largest contribution to the bending properties by the gray entropy method.
Author compared the influence degree of eight factors on the bending properties by the gray entropy method.

In this paper, the mechanical properties of Hot Isostatically Pressed (HIPed) and Sintered and Reaction Bonded Silion Nitride (SRBSN) have been studied.
Evaluation of the mechanical properties of silicon nitride, such as the elastic property and surface strength is important to the understanding of the RCF performance of silicon nitride prior to bench testing [4].
The mechanical resonance of a component is a funciton of its shape, density, and elastic properties.
The results indicate that the difference in machining procedures doesn’t significantly affect the elastic property of silicon nitride.
Figure 4: Elastic properties of three HIPed Silicon Nitrides.

The aging environment factors suffered in the using of the process, the various forces influenced the properties should be simulated in the laboratory, and the evaluation of the properties should be made.
Mechanical Factors.
The properties of the structural silicone sealant under the different aging factors were shown in Fig. 5.
In the application, it would face many of aging factors including environment factors and mechanical factors.
The influence of the adhesive properties on the aging factors should be analyzed and simulated in the laboratory.

The key factors in all cases are the selection of the brazing fillers and the braze design.
It was clearly seen that the plasticity of the filler metal is the main factor affecting residual stresses for the joint geometry in this current work.
No mechanical properties for CuSnTiZr are reported in literature and the filler is provided only in powder form.
A three layer system using particle reinforced brazing fillers is a solution where lower cost and good mechanical properties can be achieved at the same time.
Conclusion Given two materials to be joined, the most important factors affecting the residual stress in the joint are the joint geometry, brazing temperature and the plastic behaviour of the brazing alloy.