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In this case the updating parameters used in state 1 must not only reflect the structural properties due to damage but also due to other modelling uncertainties.
The difference comes in by weighting the second row of eq.(8) by a factor ws.
The weighting factor ws plays the role of reducing the influence of the response sums.
Details of the element properties which are similar to those of the NASTRAN® Element QUADR can be found in [10].
This value was calibrated by a factor of 3.1 in order to match the measured fundamental frequency of the undamaged beam.

After the integration of large-scale renewable energy, more uncertain factors are brought to the power system, which badly influences system’s planning and operation.
The advantages of Copula function are as follows: 1) for auto-correlation properties, Copula function is more practical because it has many types of different correlation structure functions. 2) When the correct Copula function is chosen, the correlation coefficient calculated could accurately reflects the intensity level between two variables.
Generally, the usual mechanical power model of wind farm is as following [19]
The correlation among wind power, solar power and load cannot be ignored since it affects the power system’s planning and operation.

To make the analysis closer to the actual working conditions, a dynamic load factor is multiplied to correct it.
Mechanical Design, 2005, 22 ( 11 ) :26-28
[4] Feng Xiong, Sensibility Analysis of Mechanical and Geometrical Parameters On Soil Slope Stability[J] .
[5] Xianghua Liu, Kaifeng Zhang and Mingzhe Li, Finite Element Analysis of Dynamic Property of Agricultural Vehicle Frame[J] .
Mechanical Design, 2007, 24 ( 4 ) :60-62.

Aiming at the thermal safety issues between the insensitive energetic plasticizer and propellant components, NG/BTTN and insensitive energetic plasticizer BuNENA plasticized propellant was compared by DSC test and cook-off numerical simulation, with the thermal safety property evaluated.
Combined excellent energy and mechanical performance, NEPE propellant has been used widely in strategic and tactical weapons, while the using of nitrate ester plasticizers such as nitroglycerine usually cause a poor insensitive property [4].
In this paper, aiming at the safety issues of the insensitive energetic plasticizer BuNENA and the and sensitive energetic plasticizer NG/BTTN, NEPE propellant plasticized by NG/BTTN and BuNENA was compared by thermal decomposition kinetics with DSC test and cook-off numerical simulation with FLUENT, and finally the thermal safety property and influencing factors of propellants were evaluated.
The Tb of NG/BTTN propellant was slightly higher than that of BuNENA propellant, indicating that two propellants showed similar thermal safety property, due to the decomposition temperature of NG/BTTN propellant was slightly higher than that of BuNENA propellant.
Different thickness of insulator affected fast cook-off simulation response.

High detecting sensitivity of the inspector requires high ultraviolet transmission property of the detecting window.
Besides generating audio noise and radio interference, corona and arcing on power lines and substations accelerate degradation of various grid components and can indicate a number of factors which may cause an outage and/or safety issue.
For the inspection and detection of corona discharge on overhead transmission lines, UV cameras are specifically designed for use in power transmission, substations and high voltage applications, these cameras can also detect other sources of UV including leakage from fluorescent lights, tungsten halogen lamps, alcohol and brush fires and can be able to visualize corona in full daylight without being affected by sun radiation.
Quartz Glass Material Quartz glass has special functions as high mechanical intensity, good anti-hotness character, steady chemistry property, and small electric loss.
It has good transmission property from infrared to UV rays, so it is an ideal optic material and widely used in microelectronics and precise optics.

Their individual nature affects the mechanical, optical, magnetic, thermodynamic, catalytic and chemical properties.
One of the objectives of material scientists is to transpose the specific properties of these divided states of matter to the macroscopic scale.
For the shaping of these objects, the various treatments should not involve their deterioration and/or the loss of the divided state which would imply the disappearance of their specific properties.
In addition to the temperature, one of the factors limiting the traditional sintering of nano-powders, even under pressure, is obviously the duration of the cycle.
Single-wall (SWCNT) or multi-wall (MWCNT) carbon nanotubes have extremely interesting mechanical properties (e.g. low density, – Young's modulus higher than 1.1012Pa).

Left inset embodies the polar response of the normalized piezoelectric behavior for different anisotropy factors.
On the influence of obstacles arranged in rectangular order upon the properties of the medium.
Properties of anisotropic piezoactive polycrystals.
Effective properties of ferroelectric and/or ferromagnetic composites: a unified approach and its applications.
Atomistic study of structural, elastic, electronic and thermal properties of perovskites Ba(Ti, Zr, Nb)O3.

As an alternative for powder metallurgy, shock wave consolidation (SWC or Explosive Compaction) is used to consolidate composites where the grain size is a factor to maintain, to avoid the intermetallic-compounds formation and when needed to combine heterogeneous materials [2].
Because the machining of aluminum metal matrix/ceramic composites and 2-phase systems with a traditional process is difficult due to the highly abrasive nature of ceramic reinforcements and/or second phases, Electrical-discharge machining, as an alternative, has proven to be useful to machine Al/SiC [5,6], Al/Al2O3 [7] systems, another merit of WEDM machining technique in machining MMC's, which have the highest hardness in reinforcement, is that WEDM process does not involve mechanical energy, thus hardness, strength, or toughness of the work piece does not affect the material removal rate (MRR) [5].
Special consideration is given to the efficiency in the preparation of characterization and mechanical properties testing samples made with the minimum material waste preserving most of the obtained material for late uses, also representative testing results of the cut and obtained 2-phase systems are presented.
Mechanical properties features.

Additionally, there is a symmetry constraint, showing that when the original structure has the symmetry properties, the optimized results should keep it.
Related numerical results have show that the mass and stiffness properties of cavity elements should be [9]: (11) Where: E and ρ are elastic modulus and density for cavity element, E0 and ρ0 are elastic modulus and density for entities element.
So that changes of the number and the location for cavity elements don’t affect the quality distribution while doing topology optimization for inner structure.
Gu: Journal of Mechanical Strength.
Guan: Journal of Mechanical Strength.

Mechanical properties, e.g., fatigue strength and bendability,of metal sheets, can be improved by the residual stress.
The effects are important for industries because the properties can be improved without adding expensive alloying elements.
The rolls were lubricated by mechanical oil.
It is found that the aspect ratio of the roll bite is a main factor to affect the distribution of the residual stress in low friction.
Kawata, Journal of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, 55 (1952) 720-726