Search results

Experimental tests were conducted to develop the honeycomb and aluminium foam material model and, also, to validate the finite element model by experimental data.
Figure 6 shows the structure was able to absorb all the impact energy within 119 mm, approximately, which is a reduction of 36% compared with the empty specimen.

Maximum parsimony analysis Data for each gene region was analyzed under the criterion of maximum parsimony (MP) using PAUP 4.0b10 [25].
The GTR + I + G model was chosen for the two partitions of the concatenated data set (12S rRNA and 16S rRNA) for Bayesian analyses as a means to deal with the heterogeneity within the data [28].
Fig. 3 MP tree from 12S rRNA (12S) data set among different color forms of H. axyridis Pallas.
These analyses have been performed for aligned data matrices of 897bp in total, considering all 16 sampled taxa, covered by 12S+16S molecular data set.
Previous hypotheses on the evolution of different color forms of H. axyridis Pallas based on morphological data are briefly tested, and supported, by our new data set.

For example, high frequency switching operation will allow: (a) much more precise control over the operating parameters (such as output voltage level, current level, voltage rise times and response to variations in load demand), (b) a reduction in the size and weight of the high-voltage transformer and enhancing the power density of the transformer [1, 2].
However, the reduction in the size of the transformer is limited in high-voltage step up transformers (>30 kV).
Consequently, the method of reduction transformer’s size only by increasing the transformer’s rated frequency is limited in high-voltage transformer.
The Bm and Pcore can be calculated according to the datum of Table.2 and Table.3, namely, Bm = 2.89 kG, Pcore = 110.58 mW/cm3.

Different alloying concepts compete for maximum stress reduction.
The observation that the absolute compressive residual stress level is increased in subsurface areas compared to the surface is conform to already published data [6], [10].
The results are in good correlation with literature data concerning residual stresses in LTT welded joints [6]-[9].

Particle sizes, as calculated by the XRD data for BP, Carbonized banana peels (CBP), carbonized/activated banana peels (CABP), and activated/carbonized (ACBP) were 113.24 nm, 96.56 nm, 86.18 nm, and 93.60 nm respectively.
Friction reduction is necessary to avoid system energy losses and reduce wear on moving parts [5].
The specific surface area (SSA) can be estimated using the crystallite size from XRD data by Eq.3 [18]: SSA=6×103ρDp (3) Where ρ is the density of the particle, and Dp is the crystallite size.
Fig. 4 shows the crystallite size distribution of the prepared activated carbon obtained from the XRD data.
[2] “FAOSTAT.” https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL (accessed Feb. 13, 2023)

Reported operating data for the different cells [1,2] and corresponding energy efficiencies are given in the Table 1.
Typical Magnesium Cell Operating Data Cell Operating Temperature (°C) Current Load (kA) Energy Consumption (kWh/kg Mg) Energy Efficiency (%) IG Farben 750-780 60-120 16-18 32 Dow 700 180 17.6 32 Norsk Hydro 700-720 350-400 12-14 42 VAMI 700-740 150-180 13.5 42 Alcan 660-680 100 (300 eq.) 9.5-10 58 Ishizuka 670 50 (300 eq.) 11 51 Alkali Metal Cell Developments Figure 6.
Typical operating data [2] and corresponding energy efficiencies of original and improved Downs cells for electrowinning sodium are given in Table 2.
Typical Sodium Cell Operating Data Cell Operating Temperature (°C) Current Load (kA) Energy Consumption (kWh/kg Na) Energy Efficiency (%) Original Downs 560-580 36-38 10-12 33-40 Improved Downs 600 40-80 10 40 A further improvement in the cell was to include a tapered well in the anode with perforations in the anode wall for circulation of electrolyte through the anode rather than around the cathode [6].
Desikan, Current trends towards energy reduction in electrolytic magnesium production, Bulletin of Electrochemistry, 6 (9) Sept. 1990, 776-779

In conclusion, the paper offers a number of theoretical reflections on uncertainty analysis in LCA, addressing input assumptions (availability and quality of data) as well those regarding normalization and weighting factors.
The analysis are conducted using a Test Reference Year (TRY), a sequence of meteorological hourly data, selected from a time series of 20 years and detected by a measuring station located in the South of Trento [10].
There are three uncertainty types [21] encountered during the analysis: - Parameter uncertainty, related with input data for processes, emissions, and technological aspects.
It is connected with the lack of some site-specific construction processes in databases, such that approximate and aggregated data from other similar projects must be used
Knowledge-based choices for building materials and systems can make a fundamental contribution to a significant reduction in environmental impacts during maintenance and use stage, which has typically the highest costs.

At the high Cd addition level, mycorrhizal plants reacted differently in the reduction of the contents of MDA, by influencing the soluble sugar, POD activity, SOD activity and so on.
Statistical analysis Data were analyzed with a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to assess the effects of AMF inoculation and Cd addition levels in the experiment.
Prior to statistical analysis, data were log-transformed as necessary to satisfy the assumptions of the ANOVA.
Generally, mycorrhizae increased the shoot biomass in plants with lower root to shoot ratio under Cd stress (data no shown), idicating that mycorrhizal formation may affect the nutritional distribution in plants.

In this review we will highlight how the integration of PCMs in the envelop could be one of the best solutions for energy reduction. 3.
After PCM incorporation, results show that PCM-roof combination could lead to a reduction of 39% of the total heat flux, hence for cooling loads.
The indoor temperature reduction prevents the overheating, improves thermal comfort while storing heat from solar radiations.
- For a thickness = 30 mm, the maximum temperature of the internal surface was equal to 27°C (Reduction of 1.2°C). 4.
Several thermal measurement devices will be used for the collection and recording of data and outputs (climatic conditions, temperatures, and heat flux).

The inset shows the partial ionic, electron-hole and n-type electronic conductivities at 1223 K, calculated by fitting of the experimental data to Eq.(9)
All data on the oxygen permeability presented in this paper corresponds to the membrane feed-side oxygen partial pressure (p2) equal to 21 kPa (atmospheric air).
Low-p(O2) stability limits of (Sr2Fe3)1-x(SrCo)xOz, La0.3Sr0.7Fe1-xAl0.3Cr0.1O3-δ and SrFe0.7Al0.3O3-δ ceramics estimated from the data on total conductivity.
Data on CoO [37], FexO [37] and LaFeO3-δ [8,38] are shown for comparison.
The XRD data showed that dual-phase (Sr2Fe3)1-x(SrCo)xOz ceramics can be obtained for compositions with similar fractions of the components (Table 2).