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Now, the Solid Isotropic Materials with Penalization (SIMP) method [2] is widely used to construct the relationship between density and material attribute, which makes the relative density of elements as design variables, and makes the topology optimization problems of continuum medium turn to whether there has material in the elements or sub-domains.
Acknowledgements This research is partially funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51105229), the Natural Science Foundation of Outstanding Youth Project of Hubei Province of China (2013CFA022) and the fund project of outstanding dissertation of China Three Gorges University (2014PY026).
Dan: Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics.
Poulsen: International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering.
Zhengxing: Chinese Journal of Solid mechanics.

Experimental Materials.
Biofiber Reinforce Composite Materials, 2015
Journal of applied polymer science, 2005. 97(3): p. 1237-1247
Journal of Composite Materials, 2005. 39(8): p. 663-684
Journal of applied polymer science, 2006. 99(3): p. 1055-1068

Materials and methods Materials.
Journal of Food Engineering, 2007, 81(3): 634−641
Mechanical and barrier properties of edible chitosan films as affected by composition and storage.Journal of Food Science, 61, 953–955+961
Standard test methods for water vapor transmission of materials.Standards designation: E96-95 Annual book of ASTM standards.
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 111(6), 2777–2784

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TiC/Ti3AlC2 In-situ Composites Prepared by Hot Pressing Method Miaomiao Ruan a, Xiaoming Feng b, Taotao Ai c, Ning Yu, Kui Hua Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723003, China amiaomiao2337@126.com, bfxmhz@126.com, caitaotao0116@126.com Keywords: Ti3AlC2, Composite, Microstructure, Mechanical properties.
In 1994, Ti3AlC2 was first synthesized by Pietzka and Schuster using Ti, TiAl, Al4C3 and carbon as the raw materials [3].
As shown in Fig. 1(a), before sintering, the material consists of Ti, Al and TiC.
[6] LIU Bo-bo, WANG Fen, ZHU Jian-feng, LI Ya-ling, CUI Xiang-yang, Synthesis of Ternary Machinable Al2O3/Ti3AlC2 Ceramic by High Energy Milling and Hot-Pressing, Journal of Aeronautical Materials, 30 (2010) 28-31
[7] Song GM, Xu Q, Sloof WG, Li SB, Van der Zwaag S, Toughening of a ZrC Particle- Reinforced Ti3AlC2 Composite, Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings. 29 (2008), p. 31 [8] Li Meishuan, Li Chao, Li Jingjing, Zhou Yanchun, Oxidation Behavior of a Ti3AlC2/TiB2 Composite at 1000℃− 1400℃ in Air, Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 93 (2010) 554-560

Test Program Test Specimens and Materials.
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Changes in the micro and nano structure of cementitious materials influence greatly their macro properties.
Studies in recent years showed that the cement materials are able to heal cracks by themselves.
Fernandez, Dehydration and rehydration processes of cement paste exposed to high temperature environments, Journal of Materials Sciences 39 (2004) 3015–3024
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International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 37:1295-1305, 1995
Materials Science and Engineering A, 483-484:394-397, 2008
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The unique manufacturing process of SLM offers a competitive advantage in case of very complex and highly customized parts having quasi-static mechanical properties comparable to those of wrought materials.
Polishing improved the fatigue limit to more than 500 MPa, the typical value for base material.
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 218 (2004) 711-719
Proceedings of 1st International Conference of the International Journal of Structural Integrity, Porto (2012)
Rapid Prototyping Journal, 12, 5 (2006) 254-265

Cement based material are weak in flexure in comparison to compression.
Hatschek machine) to improve flexural and tensile strength of cement based materials.
A more recent development, textile reinforced concrete, is an exciting new approach towards the use of composites in buildings and other structures and may become a possible future supplementation of materials used in the building industry[[] B.Banholzer, Bond of a strand in a cementitious matrix, Materials and Structures 39, (2006) 1015-1028. ].
J.Kim, , S.El-Tawil and A.E.Naaman, Correlation Between Single Fiber Pullout And Tensile Response Of FRC Composites With High Strength Steel Fibers, ACI Materials Journal 93(5)(1996) 1-7. ].
Materials properties Fibers.