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Nowadays, there are a number of hardware and software support products in the precision fruits, such as 3S (GPS, GIS and RS) technique applied in agriculture, spatial field data acquisition device and data processing software, agricultural machinery of intelligent variety operation, decision support system for field information management and crop product management and the technology and product of system integration.
ASA Special Publication Number 66, American Society of Agronomy, 2003, Madison, WI
Spatial variability in yields and profits within ten grain sorghum fields in South Texas.

If use the same number of measured value to do statistic analyze, large test specimens average ​​of measured values must be lower, less variability in the measured values is one of the main reasons caused by size effect[1].
Based on the definition of non-standard size in "common standards for mechanical testing of concrete" ,the set of number and content of test are according to the following table.
While changing the axial specimen size from 100×100×300mm to 150×150×300mm, though grain size of cerammisite is small, aggregate can be well wrapped by cement slurry.

Hence, a great number of development efforts are being made on material improvement and surface treatment technology for those parts.
It is well known that heat treatment or hot working of a plastically formed material can occasionally enhance surface hardening due to strain ageing and grain refinement.
The cycles of 107 were taken as limiting number for evaluation of fatigue properties.

Table 1 DESIGN CRITERIA AND DIMENSIONS OF THE IMPROVED UASB REACTOR Parameters Value Design flows (L/h)，average/maximum 10/20 Hydraulic retention time (h)，average /maximum 12/24 Volumetric organic loading rate (kgCOD/(m3×d))， average /maximum 6.5/13.0 Total depth/liquid depth (m) 2.6/2.5 Diameter (m)/ number of feeding points 0.35/1 Total volume/effective volume (m3) 0.25/0.24 The wastewater was pumped into the improved UASB reactor after it passed through R1.
The wastewater used as influent to the experimental apparatus was the mixed wastewater produced from the grain distillery.
Methanosarcina barkeri were found growing nearby the surface of the granular sludge, but the number was significantly reduced.

A number of surface modification techniques, for example, electrochemical plating, conversion coating, anodizing, gas-phase deposition process and organic coating, have been used to improve its wear and corrosion resistance.
For the alloy AlFeCuCoNiCrTi1.5 in the experiments, its mixing entropy DSm=Rln(n)=Rln7=1.95R, (R: gas constant; n: the number of elements), is much higher than the formation entropy of intermetallic compounds or ordered phases.
The reason is that, under the effect of rapid heating and rapid cooling of the laser beam, the microstructure became very fine and is benefical to improve the microhardness of the HEA coating due to the fine-grained strengthening effect.

Introduction Dry bulk carriers are usually used for the transportation of considerable volumes of homogenous cargo: chemical products (phosphates, fertilizers), cement, iron ore, coal, agro products (grain, beans) [1].
It should be noted that whilst the terminals in Japan and South Korea are largely import terminals there are a number of export coal terminals in China.
The smallest vessel is taken as 20 000 DWT for the following reasons: - there are only 5.8% of vessels below 20 000 DWT in the world fleet; - there are a significant number of terminals in Asian region which can accommodate vessels up to 20 000 DWT; - the trend is for future vessels to be larger; - only 1% of calls over the last two year at Vostochny Port were by dry bulk carriers less than 10 000 DWT whereas 7.5% of calls were by 10 000 - 15 000 DWT vessels and 29.5% of all calls were by vessels of 20 000 - 25 000 DWT.

Zhang [7] discussed the effects of positioning errors, the number of tooth, and the helix angle on the accuracy of the ground tooth flanks.
Because the grinding wheel is subject to wear, the grinding grains lose their cutting ability and the wheel have thus to be dressed again as long as every several gaps are ground.
Table 1 Parameters of gear and diamond roller Items Units Values (A) Gear data Normal module mn mm 14 Teeth number z - 76 Pressure angle αn degr. 20 Helix angle β degr. 15 R.H.

Because of these advantages, cold spray technology has become a powerful new tool to enhance the useful life of an almost unlimited number of metallic components with profound benefits not only for availability and cost savings, but also for sustainable manufacturing efforts and minimizing the impact of industrial processes on the environment.
CS deposited metals, using high-pressure and generally helium or nitrogen, can now consistently achieve low porosity (< 1%), exceptional mechanical strength (>40 ksi) and adhesion (>10 ksi), and produce wrought type microstructures with low or sub-micron sized grains (ref.
Therefore, due to its numerous advantages, cold spray technology has become a powerful new tool to enhance the useful life of an almost unlimited number of metallic components with profound benefits not only for enhanced availability and cost savings, but also for sustainable manufacturing efforts and minimizing the impact of industrial processes on the environment, as there are no toxic fumes or other harmful emissions from cold spray.

Disintegrators present a group of milling machines operating at high collision speeds (up to 200–400 m/s) and they have a number of advantages over other mills [8]: (a) they are compact and allow grinding materials with a very wide hardness range, (b) they have very low contamination of ground products, (c) the consumption of energy at the same amount of new surface units of materials is twice lower than by vibration mills and ten times lower than by ball mills and (d) during the simultaneous grinding of different materials, an ideal mixing of all materials takes place.
Niobium slag: a – initial pieces of slag, b – cross-section of piece with Nb grains.
Direct and selective mode Separative mode Number of rows 2 3 4 5 2-5 Productivity [ton/h] 1.9 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.25 0.1 Specific energy of treatment [kWh/ton] 3.9 5.9 7.5 8.8 20 50 Particles size [μm] depends on material properties <250 <100 Cement testing.

Some recrystallized grains are elongated in the rolling direction.
For the anodized one, a smooth anodic coating with numbers of pits had formed upon the surface (Fig. 3b).
After anodizing, there are numbers of pits on the oxidized surface, which caused stress concentration as defects.