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Study on Energy Converter from Waste Heat of Automobile Engine Irfan Abd.Rahim1,2,a, Mohd Zarhamdy Mohd Zain3,b and Nor Zelawati Asmuin4,c 1Green Design and Manufacture Research Group, Center of Excellence Geopolymer and Green Technology (CEGeoGTech), School of Materials Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 01000 Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia 2School of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 02600 Perlis 3Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 Johor 4Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), 86400 Johor airfanrahim@unimap.edu.my, bzarhamdy@fkm.utm.my, cnorzela@uthm.edu.my Keywords: Energy system, waste heat, acoustic powerv Abstract.
The heart of that engine is called a Stack, made from Celcor ceramic with 100 cells/in2, shown in Fig. 1 (b).
Feldman, Review of the literature on sondhauss termoacoustic phenomena, Journal of Sound Vibration. 7 (1968) 71
Applied Thermal Engineering. (2009) 439-444
Aoi, Critical temperature Ratio Needed for a Spontaneous Gas Oscillation in a Miniature Thermoacoustic Engine, Proc. of 20th International Congress on Acoustic, 2010, pp. 1-2

Introduction In the last decade many scientific and engineering research and development are devoted to the problem of matherials interacting with biological tissues of the human body.
There are scientific journals on biomatherials that generally have a very high impact factor, namely «Biomatherials», «International Journal of Biomatherials», «International Journal of Polymeric Matherials and Polymeric Biomatherials», «Journal of Biomatherials», «Journal of Biomatherials Science», «Journal of Biomedical Matherials Research», «Journal of Biotechnology and Biomatherials», «Journal of Controlled Release», «Advances in Matherials Science and Engineering», «Journal of Functional Biomatherials», «Journal of Matherials Science: Matherials in Medicine», and others.
A number of international encyclopedias and reference books have been published covering various issues related to biomatherials, such as [2, 3].
Intelligent instructive polymer substrates are widely used in tissue engineering, targeted drug delivery, and medical devices for minimally invasive surgery, diagnostics, dentistry, and detoxification [5, 6, 7].
Molecules will be used as devices and fundamentally new functions will arise from engineering structures and architecture that play the role of receptors for toxins of bacterial origin in a changing pH environment.

PCBN cutting tools are composed of a mass of CBN particles of the order of 1-25 microns sintered with a variety of ceramic and metal phases.
Key Engineering Materials 417, 669-672 [3] Carolan, D., Petrovic, M., Ivankovic, A., 2009.
[4] Advanced Technical Ceramics - Test methods for determination of fracture toughness of monolithic ceramics, Part 5, Single-edge vee notch beam (SEVNB) method (CEN 144255:2004).
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Introducing the ceramics particles into the copper matrix allows to achieve a higher mechanical properties comparing to pure copper.
The hard ceramic particles in metal matrix which are not deformable make difficult the densification process.
Hussain, Effect of Sintering Parameters on Microstructure and Properties of Mechanically Alloyed Copper-Tungsten Carbide Composite, International Journal of Materials, Mechanics and Manufacturing, (2013) [4] H.L.
Fine, Preparation of Cu-TiN alloy by external nitridation in combination with mechanical alloying, Materials Science and Engineering A190 (1995) 181-186
Rdzawski, Characterization of nanostructured copper – WC materials, Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, Vol. 32 Issue 2 February (2009) [10] Karwan-Baczewska J., Gotman I., Gutmanas E.Y., Shapiro M., Processing and Properties of Nanoscale Cu-based Composites, Euro PM2004 Conference Proceedings, Vienna, Austria, 17-21 (2004), 369-374.

Lukuttsova, Water films (nanofilms) in cement concrete deformations, International Journal of Applied Engineering Research. 15 (2015) 35120-35124
Suglobov, Nano-disperse additive based on titanium dioxide, International Journal of Applied Engineering Research. 22 (2014) 16803-16811
Ustinov, Additive based on biosiliphycated nanotubes, International Journal of Applied Engineering Research. 19 (2015) 40451-40453
Ustinov, Concrete modified by additive based on biosilicated nanotubes, International Journal of Applied Engineering Research. 19 (2015) 40457-40460
Kleymenicheva, The use of additives based on industrial wastes for concrete, International Journal of Applied Engineering Research. 11 (2016) 7566-7570.

Then the value of 3f/2f dropped as a result of the initiation of a ceramic bonds that replaces the hydraulic bonds in concrete.
Khoury, Effect of Fire on Concrete and Concrete Structures, Progress in Structural Engineering and Materials, 2 (4), 2000, 429-447
Lamarche, Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation, 33 (2), 2014, 288–298
Stavař, Evaluation of permeability tests of surface layer of concrete of various composition, Key Engineering Materials. 714, 2016, 171-178
Chobola Assessment of the Impact-echo Method for Monitoring the Long-standing Frost Resistance of Ceramic Tiles.

Planar TFμS is based on IDAE, Pt or transparent conductive ZnO:Al thin films sputtered on ceramic or glass substrates.
Fig.3 IDAE 400 TFμS with Pt microelectrodes on ceramic substrate.
References [1] International Commitee for Standardization in Hematology: Recommendation for Measurement of ESR of Human Blood, Am.
Zhao, Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology Vol. 20 (1996), pp. 115-120 [3] O.K.
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Fortuno, Ceramic Technology Sanitaryware, First ed.
Annual International Sustainable Research Conference, 2010 [5] D.R.K.Lokiliyana, J.A.J.Perera, R.P.Gunawardane, Studies on The Production of Plaster of Paris from Discarded Moulds, J.
[6] C.A.İpekçi and F.Aköz, Ceramic and Mould Gypsum Properties Used for Forming Ceramics, Journal of Engineering and Natural Sciences, 28 (2010) 249-258
Kadey, "Diatomite", Industrial Rocks And Minerals, Volume-I, Society Of Mining Engineers, New York, 1983
[12] M.Pawlak, The Influence of Composition of Gypsum Plaster on Its Technical Properties, Archives of Foundary Engineering. 10 (2010) 5-60

The power of rolling ceramic chips is from shielding gas.
[8] Fangming Zhou, Zhishui Yu, Yu Wang et al.: Mechanical Engineering (in Chinese), Vol. 40, (2004) p.58-61
[19] Cook.G.E, Levick.P.C. : Welding Journal, Vol. 64 (1985) p.27-31
[20] Brown D C et al.: Welding Journal, Vol.41 (1962) p.241-250
Modenesi: Research Project, Department of Metallurgical Engineer, Belo Horizonte, UFMG, (1986) p.14

Guo, The cutting performance in multipass abrasive water jet machining of industrial ceramics, Journal of Material Processing Technology 133 (2003) 371–377 [5] A.
Technique for spatial objects shaping with abrasive water jet controlled by virtual image luminance, The Archive of Mechanical Engineering VOL.
Minimisation ok kerf tapers in abrasive waterjet machining of alumina ceramics using a compensation technigue, , Journal of Materials Processing Technology 112 (2008) 125-557 [12] G.
Kosik, Effect of reducing on the mechanical properties of cold drawn tubes, 9th International DAAAM Baltic Conference , Industrial engineering , ISBN 978-9949-23-620-6 (2014) 55-57 [15] N.
Popan, Research on water jet milling strategies, Academic Journal of Manufacturing Engineering, AJME, Vol.