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The model provides the yield stress, recrystallised grain size and fraction recrystallised (Xrex(t,T)) as the main outputs, while the main inputs are the average misorientation (ϕ), average subgrain size (δ), interior dislocation density (ρi), strain (ε), annealing temperature (T), chemistry and a mathematical description of the particle size distribution.
The precipitation reaction was found to occur mainly on "old" grain boundaries being present in the deformed structure • The precipitation reaction strongly retards the softening behaviour as well as having a strong effect on the recrystallization texture, promoting a strong P-texture in combination with some ND-rotated cube in this case.
It is also found to have a strong effect on the recrystallized grain size, as the grain structure became much coarser if precipitation occurred prior to and/or concurrent to recrystallization compared to a situation with no precipitation

The Modified Carbon Black may be increased the type and quantity of surface groups and changed the internal structure, which leads to the adsorption mechanism different from BC [14].
On soot inception in non-premixed flames and the effects of flame structure [D].University of Hawaii, 2002
Environmental Chemistry, 2001, 20(5):444-448 [12] Kannan N, Sundaram M M.

The Influence Factor of Removal Humic Acid from Wastewater Using Cucurbiturils Qin Yang 1, a, Yongli Yang 1,b Wendong Wang2 ,Man Ge1 and Dan Li1 1 Department of Chemistry , Xi’an University of Architecture & Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710055, China 2Department of Environmental Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture &Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710055, China a yangjiaxin929@163.com, by_yongli@126.com Keywords: Cucurbiturils, Humic Acid, Removal, Adsorption, Regeneration, Wastewater Abstract.
Besides, it has been suggested that the humic acid may exist in a spherical structure at lower pH but exist in a rather linear or stretched structure at higher pH [12].

Sc may be used as a grain refiner during casting or welding, as a stabilizer of the grain structure of wrought material, and as a precipitation hardener[3].
This should then have some consequences for the alloy design, either by minimizing the Fe level of the alloy in order to minimize the Sc-loss, or to alter the alloy chemistry or processing conditions in such a manner that the Sc-solving Fe-bearing phase is avoided.
Mondolfo: Aluminum Alloys: Structure and Properties (Butterworths, London, UK 1976)

A lot of concrete structures need major repairs with significant cost in about 20 years.
Furthermore, it can prolong the service life of structure engineering and prevent major accidents to achieve great social benefits.
The experiment indicates that the admixture could improve the pore structure of the cement paste.
Controlling the hydration heat Another main reason to cause the crack of concrete structure is the thermal deformation.
Thousands of millions of tons of waste are discharged annually by the Chinese industrial sectors, among which the sector of metallurgy, energy, mining and chemistry discharges most.

There were no particular surface structures for the samples of Artocarpus spp.
A natural type of resin that may likely be present was terpenoid resin which some of the FTIR bands occurred from the structure of Artocarpus spp. samples but not suggested by the FTIR library matching.
Elmuradov: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.
Encyclopedia Of Analytical Chemistry, edited by R.

BBM was characterized by XRD, BET, and SEM, the results verify BBM could improve adsorption performance assumed on its structure.
Monolith contains solid parallel channels or holes separated by thin walls in honeycomb structure.
The application of clay for heavy metals removal in wastewater has been promoted by previous studies [7], however there is not any particular monolithic structure suggested yet.
Bergström, Structuring adsorbents and catalysts by processing of porous powders, J. of the European Ceramic Society. 34 (2014) 1643–1666
Chemistry 21 (2015) 309–377

The Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) findings indicated the presence of a nanoscale structure characterized by a spherical surface that exhibits excellent dispersibility.
The crystalline structure of yttrium oxide nano-particles is depicted in Figure (2), wherein several peaks are observed for the yttrium oxide particles.
These particles were discovered to have a polycrystalline crystal structure, specifically of the cubic kind.
Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 177, 10, (2004) 3666-3674
‏ [16] Bondar, V., Structure and luminescence properties of individual and multi-layer thin-film systems based on oxide phosphors.

Researchers showed that cellulose has a three-dimensional structure[12].
The functional particle of phase change paraffin form a homogeneous distribution in the matrix of cellulose, and the three-dimensional structure of cellulose can keep the zero-dimensional paraffin material in its structure from leakage.
Natural cellulose macromolecule has good symmetry, regular structure and high crystallization performance.
Therefore, it could be inferred that the phase change material of paraffin was mostly bound within the matrix of cellulose, owing to the three-dimensional structure of cellulose which could keep the zero-dimensional paraffin material in its structure from leakage and the polyhydroxyl structure of cellulose molecules which could form a strong hydrogen bonding.
Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2016, 28(6): 1191

At present, fiber preform structure of pins was two-dimensional laminated structure, which is easy to result in mechanical damage and delamination when machining the composites to form the cylinder pins.
Meanwhile, the high  machining cost and high rejection rate were seriously limited the SiC/SiC composites and pins in the high-temperature thermal structure engineering application, which encouraged the researchers to develop a new SiC fiber preform structure of composite pins.
The schematic of SiC/SiC pin fiber preform structure and original image of SiC fiber preforms with different values of diameter were shown in Fig. 1(a) and Fig. 1(b).
Then, the graphite mould with SiC fiber pin preforms coated by the PyC/SiC compound interphase were impregnated by the liquid SiC precursor prepared by Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (Beijing, China) under vacuum.
(3) The fracture model of the SiC/SiC composite pins with this new fiber structure was non-catastrophic.