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Online since: August 2009
Authors: Xu Ran, Di Zhang, You Quan Xia, Jing He Liu
This was not contrary to the
reduction of tensile strength.
The data in fig.2(c) were the impact strength of composites with different filler.
It can be shown that the impact strength of three composites reduced a few, which of composite filled by graphite reached to 87KJ/m 2, the minimum of the three data was up to 78KJ/m 2.
The data in fig.2(c) were the impact strength of composites with different filler.
It can be shown that the impact strength of three composites reduced a few, which of composite filled by graphite reached to 87KJ/m 2, the minimum of the three data was up to 78KJ/m 2.
Online since: May 2011
Authors: Ming Li Huang, Zhong Sheng Tan, Xiao Wei Meng
Experimental results and analysis
We have conducted a number of comparative tests from July to October in 2009, and each test should try to guarantee the same distance from blasting centre and the same engineering geological conditions, but for reasons of the limited scope, this paper has listed representative monitoring data in the Tab.1.
vibration velocity peak values Max single-stage charge (kg) Distance (m) test section (dk183 +420 ~ dk183 +380) damping section (dk183 +380 ~ dk183 +350) Max-velocity (cm/s) Frequency (Hz) Duration (s) Max-velocity (cm/s) Frequency (Hz) Duration (s) 11.4 40.65 2.395 28.594 0.853 0.773 31.035 0.785 11.4 42.87 1.908 31.271 0.877 0.981 42.725 0.756 11.2 46 1.319 31.973 0.921 0.876 37.373 0.859 11.2 47.21 1.238 39.063 0.933 0.727 33.945 0.821 7.9 43 1.214 46.152 0.868 0.766 41.738 0.803 7.9 45.2 1.117 41.504 0.919 0.718 47.373 0.825 7.6 39.89 1.154 47.373 0.849 0.727 43.945 0.721 7.6 38 1.232 45.4 0.726 0.662 48.828 0.711 7.2 42.92 1.052 50.283 0.857 0.825 44.182 0.817 7.2 44.9 0.981 52.725 0.906 0.439 43.738 0.789 5.6 48.8 0.766 57.738 0.943 0.504 49.166 0.871 5.6 48.51 0.801 51.283 0.957 0.439 51.738 0.889 Fig. 4 The relation of distance and duration Fig. 5 The relation of frequency and Max single-stage charge we can draw these the following conclusions by collate the data
When the charge amounts and the distance keep the same, the vibration duration will have a significant reduction with the decreasing of the peak velocity in the damping section comparing with the test section.So we can conclude that bench cut method can efficiently diminish the shock effect for the surrounding rock.
vibration velocity peak values Max single-stage charge (kg) Distance (m) test section (dk183 +420 ~ dk183 +380) damping section (dk183 +380 ~ dk183 +350) Max-velocity (cm/s) Frequency (Hz) Duration (s) Max-velocity (cm/s) Frequency (Hz) Duration (s) 11.4 40.65 2.395 28.594 0.853 0.773 31.035 0.785 11.4 42.87 1.908 31.271 0.877 0.981 42.725 0.756 11.2 46 1.319 31.973 0.921 0.876 37.373 0.859 11.2 47.21 1.238 39.063 0.933 0.727 33.945 0.821 7.9 43 1.214 46.152 0.868 0.766 41.738 0.803 7.9 45.2 1.117 41.504 0.919 0.718 47.373 0.825 7.6 39.89 1.154 47.373 0.849 0.727 43.945 0.721 7.6 38 1.232 45.4 0.726 0.662 48.828 0.711 7.2 42.92 1.052 50.283 0.857 0.825 44.182 0.817 7.2 44.9 0.981 52.725 0.906 0.439 43.738 0.789 5.6 48.8 0.766 57.738 0.943 0.504 49.166 0.871 5.6 48.51 0.801 51.283 0.957 0.439 51.738 0.889 Fig. 4 The relation of distance and duration Fig. 5 The relation of frequency and Max single-stage charge we can draw these the following conclusions by collate the data
When the charge amounts and the distance keep the same, the vibration duration will have a significant reduction with the decreasing of the peak velocity in the damping section comparing with the test section.So we can conclude that bench cut method can efficiently diminish the shock effect for the surrounding rock.
Online since: January 2012
Authors: De Cai Kong, Feng Ping Wu
Survey of Social Information
Database of assessment information
Spatial distribution of assets:
1.Population
2.Housing and family wealth
3.Facilities
4.Business enterprises
Economy forecast
Typical investigations of disaster losses
Flood loss function:
Flood losses and growth rate of flood losses
Forecast of direct loss
Given flood frequency
Investigation of historical data
1.
According to the urban economic characteristics, we can establish direct loss rate relationship in flood disaster among the following major categories of assets: commercial and industrial fixed assets, commercial and industrial current assets, business inventory, transportation and other infrastructure, communication systems, resident properties, residential, agriculture, forestry, fisheries and so on.In practice, the most common method is to survey the historical data of disaster and some background information, and to reference to related domestic and foreign research results, then to establish relational model of direct loss rate about urban segment assets considering main factor about flood depth and adjustment factors about time of flooding duration and time of effective evasion from flood in a baseline year.
For non-flooded areas, the indirect economic losses are mainly embodied in changes of surrounding economic environment caused by the flood, the performance of which is interfering with the economic conditions of the boundary region and resulting in the reduction of regional economic income.
According to the urban economic characteristics, we can establish direct loss rate relationship in flood disaster among the following major categories of assets: commercial and industrial fixed assets, commercial and industrial current assets, business inventory, transportation and other infrastructure, communication systems, resident properties, residential, agriculture, forestry, fisheries and so on.In practice, the most common method is to survey the historical data of disaster and some background information, and to reference to related domestic and foreign research results, then to establish relational model of direct loss rate about urban segment assets considering main factor about flood depth and adjustment factors about time of flooding duration and time of effective evasion from flood in a baseline year.
For non-flooded areas, the indirect economic losses are mainly embodied in changes of surrounding economic environment caused by the flood, the performance of which is interfering with the economic conditions of the boundary region and resulting in the reduction of regional economic income.
Online since: April 2010
Authors: Albrecht Winnacker, Roland Weingärtner, Francisco De Zela, Oliver Erlenbach, Anja Winterstein, Jorge Andres Guerra, Gonzalo Gálvez
Therefore, a fit over the refractive
index data was applied, based on the Cauchy
formula: n = p+q/λ
2.
Ref[1] Ref[2] Tauc method (αhν) 2 method Egap,SiC [eV] 3.31 3.37±0.05 1.87* 2.98* Egap,AlN [eV] 6.42 6.14±0.06 3.59±0.2 4.96±0.24 b [eV] -6.36 -4.26±0.3 -4.97±0.7 -4.04±0.77 This might be attributed to a particularly strong reduction of the tail-states in the SiC rich region.
The corresponding fitting parameters found matched very well the literature data for the crystalline state.
Ref[1] Ref[2] Tauc method (αhν) 2 method Egap,SiC [eV] 3.31 3.37±0.05 1.87* 2.98* Egap,AlN [eV] 6.42 6.14±0.06 3.59±0.2 4.96±0.24 b [eV] -6.36 -4.26±0.3 -4.97±0.7 -4.04±0.77 This might be attributed to a particularly strong reduction of the tail-states in the SiC rich region.
The corresponding fitting parameters found matched very well the literature data for the crystalline state.
Online since: September 2011
Authors: David John Smith, C.M. Younes, Peter E.J. Flewitt, B. Chen
However, the latter was judged to be representative of the typical material behaviour of Type 316H stainless steel and the creep property data associated with it are currently used in the R5 high temperature assessment for predicting the creep damage accumulated in the HAZ [5].
Impurity segregation of elements, such as phosphorous and sulphur, leads to a reduction in the cohesive energy of grain boundaries and thereby offer the potential to enhance the susceptibility to inter-granular fracture [7].
[5] British Energy Ltd., R66, AGR materials data handbook, Issue 5 (1999)
Impurity segregation of elements, such as phosphorous and sulphur, leads to a reduction in the cohesive energy of grain boundaries and thereby offer the potential to enhance the susceptibility to inter-granular fracture [7].
[5] British Energy Ltd., R66, AGR materials data handbook, Issue 5 (1999)
Online since: September 2003
Authors: E. Kótai, Z. Zolnai, N.Q. Khánh, T. Lohner, A. Ster, J. Gyulai, I. Vickridge
Our preliminary Crystal-TRIM [12]
simulations (not shown here) predicted this damage
reduction.
For better visibility, the data are drawn for both positive and negative tilt values.
For better visibility, the data are drawn for both positive and negative tilt values.
For better visibility, the data are drawn for both positive and negative tilt values.
For better visibility, the data are drawn for both positive and negative tilt values.
Online since: October 2013
Authors: Yu Min Liu, Qiao Zhi Lu, Yong Zhi Zou, Lan Yao
Due to the accidental, sudden and unpredictable of a fire in its nature, determining the extent of the fire and the areas that underwent severe burning, a thorough fire scene investigation and determination was made based on the field data, and the fire temperature was determined as particularly great importance.
According to the meteorological data, the atmospheric temperature was about 20 oC when the fire broke out, and according to the researchers, the fire lasted about 2 hours and 24 minutes (144 minutes).
The appendix J of CECS252:2009 has provided steel yield strength reduction factor after high temperature.
According to the meteorological data, the atmospheric temperature was about 20 oC when the fire broke out, and according to the researchers, the fire lasted about 2 hours and 24 minutes (144 minutes).
The appendix J of CECS252:2009 has provided steel yield strength reduction factor after high temperature.
Online since: October 2013
Authors: Dan Ni Luo, Yu Hu, Qin Bing Li
Based on the comprehensive analysis of age, the temperature control and on-site data of concrete,when pouring concrete lift B3, the temperatures of concrete lifts are set as follows: the temperatures of lifts A1~A2 and B1~B2 are set as 20oC; the temperatures of lift B3 is set as 25oC; when the allowable the height differences between adjacent monoliths are 12m, 15m, 18m, 21m, 24m, 27m and 30m, the temperatures of lift A3 are set as 21oC, 20.5oC, 20oC, 19.5oC, 19oC, 18.5oC and 18oC, respectively.
A large number of monitoring data of concrete autogenous volume deformation were obtained from the non-stress meters embedded in the Xiluodu arch dam.
With the increase of the allowable height difference, the ratio of vertical to horizontal deformations of transverse joints increases significantly, which results in reduction of the minimum aperture of transverse joints.
A large number of monitoring data of concrete autogenous volume deformation were obtained from the non-stress meters embedded in the Xiluodu arch dam.
With the increase of the allowable height difference, the ratio of vertical to horizontal deformations of transverse joints increases significantly, which results in reduction of the minimum aperture of transverse joints.
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Wei Xu, Guo Min Xiao, Li Jing Gao, Feng Jiang
The load ratio and expulsion ratio data of the γ-Al2O3/CM prepared by the slurry with different density of alumina sol were shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 1.The relation of solid content in slurry to the load ratio of γ-Al2O3 with different coating cycles (left) Fig. 2.The load ratio and expulsion ratio data of γ-Al2O3 coating with different density of alumina sol (solid content: 40%; right) Transesterification.
When the results of two consecutives runs were compared, a reduction in the FAME yield about 20-40 % can be observed.
Fig. 1.The relation of solid content in slurry to the load ratio of γ-Al2O3 with different coating cycles (left) Fig. 2.The load ratio and expulsion ratio data of γ-Al2O3 coating with different density of alumina sol (solid content: 40%; right) Transesterification.
When the results of two consecutives runs were compared, a reduction in the FAME yield about 20-40 % can be observed.
Online since: February 2014
Authors: Ming Zhu, Bei Lin Qi, Xiao Dong Wu, Han Han Zhang, Yi Ning Wang, Rui He Wang
Although the completion methods which open degree are not perfect of conventional vertical wells inhibited or slowed down the bottom water coning partially, because of the reduction of the contact area of wellbore and reservoir, which also reduce the production capacity of well at the same time and the critical production is often low.
The data and results are shown in Table 1 and Fig.1.
The data and results are shown in Table 2 and Fig.2.
The data and results are shown in Table 1 and Fig.1.
The data and results are shown in Table 2 and Fig.2.