Search results

A similar behavior has been observed by Kim et al. [6] and is in agreement with the literature data [7,8].
The second heating run measurements show a strong reduction of the background damping and of the peak relaxation strenght.
The relaxation peak (P1) is shifted at lower temperature whereas during the first heating ramp a structural recovery (P2) is evinced from the strong damping reduction at temperatures higher than 500 K, with a concomitant inversion of the decreasing modulus trend.

1 Conductivity of JS in CaCl2 aqua environment No. ρ(mmol/L) δ0 JS-1 JS-2 JS-3 δ Δδ δ Δδ δ Δδ 1 0.00 － 76.3 － 65.7 － 72.7 － 2 0.05 18.2 84.5 10 73.9 10 80.7 10.2 3 0.10 29.4 98.5 7.2 82.2 12.9 88.9 13.2 4 0.15 43.2 112.8 6.7 91.1 17.8 97.6 18.3 5 0.20 56.2 126.2 6.3 100.3 21.6 107.5 21.4 6 0.25 68.1 138.1 6.3 112.9 20.9 119 21.8 7 0.30 81.4 150.5 7.2 124.5 22.6 129.1 25 8 0.35 96.1 162.1 10.3 137.8 24 140.1 28.7 9 0.40 107.6 174.2 9.7 147.8 25.5 151.7 28.6 10 0.45 120.1 187.8 8.6 160.5 25.3 163.5 29.3 11 0.50 132.3 197.1 11.5 171 27 176.5 28.5 12 0.55 161 230 7.3 203 23.7 208 25.7 13 0.60 176 243 9.3 215 26.7 219 29.7 14 0.65 191 256 11.3 227 29.7 235 28.7 15 0.70 204 273 7.3 240 29.7 248 28.7 16 0.75 215 283 8.3 255 25.7 259 28.7 17 0.80 231 301 6.3 266 30.7 273 30.7 18 0.85 242 312 6.3 283 24.7 288 26.7 19 0.90 259 326 9.3 293 31.7 302 29.7 20 0.95 270 338 8.3 306 29.7 313 29.7 21 1.00 287 356 7.3 320 32.7 326 33.7 Conductivity Unit: Table 1 shows the conductivity loss property data
It can be seen from Table 1 that after CaCl2 solution was added with 0.05% of JS, an obvious conductivity reductions of the mixed solutions were observed comparing with the theoretical conductivity.
It can be seen from table 2 that after CaCl2 solution was added with 0.05% of BT, obvious conductivity reductions of the mixed solutions were observed comparing with the theoretical conductivity.

Accordingly, the load transfer between a metallic implant and the surrounding bone is nonhomogeneous, resulting in a reduction of stress stimulation to the bone (stress shielding effect) [2].
Finally, a part of solution-treated samples were cold rolled with a reduction ratio of 10% at room temperature (CR).
The data of Young’s moduli for Ti-(15-18)Mo alloys subjected to solution treatment and cold rolling that were reported previously [6] are plotted in this figure.

The case is then flowformed in one pass using a two-roller flowforming machine, leading to a maximum reduction of about 63%.
The complete part was flowformed in one pass from a deep drawn preform leading to a maximum reduction of 68%.
Table 2 - Tensile data from samples taken in flowformed and machined cases Sample Flowformed Machined Yield (Mpa) 338 581 UTS (Mpa) 772 812 Front flange Elongation (%) 80 51 Yield (Mpa) 376 374 UTS (Mpa) 763 749 Rear flange Elongation (%) 76 68 Yield (Mpa) 366 399 UTS (Mpa) 762 753 Containment axial direction Elongation (%) 77 73 Yield (Mpa) 363 402 UTS (Mpa) 756 760 Containment transverse direction Elongation (%) 78 73 70 µm Fig. 10 Diverter duct cross-section (dimensions in mm) The material considered here is a ferritic/martensitic stainless steel 17-4PH (16.5%Cr, 4%Ni, 4%Cu, 0.3%Nb, <0.07%C).

Table 1 Consumption of rebar and concrete and their impact on cost for general real estate projects Position Item Consumption Reduction  Cost saving [RMB] Above-ground parts Rebar 35~90kg/m2 1.0 kg/m2 6 Concrete 0.3~0.5m3/m2 0.01m3/m2 7 Below-ground parts Rebar 130~300kg/m2 1.0 kg/m2 12 Concrete 0.9~3.0m3/m2 0.01m3/m2 7 Selection of concrete strength grade.
Data shows that : for general construction, each increased 100mm storey height will increase about 30 RMB / m2; Each reduced 100mm storey will reduce 1% of project cost, and wall material can be saved 10%.
Height reduction of floor system can not only reduce storey height and save space, but also reduce cost of building envelope, pipeline material and construction equipment.

For HA films built at pH 3 the increase in ionic strength causes reductions in the film thickness.
Ren et. al [20] evaluated the influence of ionic strength of multilayer films of poli-L-lisina/DNA and reported that when the NaCl concentration is higher than 0.5M, there is a reduction in the amount of DNA deposited in the film.
Hunter, Statistics for experimenters: an introduction to design, data analysis, and model building, Wiley, 1978

The solidification calculations were performed using thermodynamic software FactSage [11] with FTlite database to optimise the evaluation of experimental microstructural data.
Since porosity/cracks and TiB2 behaves adversely in stress field leads to pronounced cracking resulted in sharp reduction in strength.
As porosity increase with TiB2, effect of tensile stress is more with increasing TiB2 resulted in sharp reduction in flexural strength.

Reductions between 20 % and 25 % per pass (in total 6 passes) were chosen to produce sheets with a final thickness of 2.7 mm.
Parameters of hot rolling: Initial thickness 8.5 mm Final thickness 2.7 mm Rolling speed 0.5 m/s Roll temperature 130 °C Rolling temperature 400 °C Passes 6 Reduction per pass 20 % … 25 % Intermediate heat treatment after 3rd pass Fig. 2.
For the classification, the yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and elongation at fracture of new developed magnesium alloys renouncing the usage of rare earth elements were compared to two magnesium alloys with rare earth elements (data from the literature): (1) the only standardized Mg-RE-wrought alloy ZE10 [1] and (2) WE43, containing a large amount of RE [18].

Due to the disassembly process will take parts away from the whole assembly, this enables a significant reduction in the time taken to analyze disassemble ability and complexity.
Following this approach, a variety of artificial intelligence methods were proposed using genetic algorithms [4], data mining [5], and Bayesian networks [6].
By using this, a hierarchically structure of assembly is generated with gradually complexity reduction of the whole assembly.

However, the indirect data also testify very convincingly to the fact that solid solutions and/or intermetallic compounds are formed on the surface of solid in its interaction with liquid.
The reduction of the lattice parameter testifies that the growth is caused by diffusion of the copper atoms from the melt into the aluminium crystalline lattice with solid solution formation (Fig. 7аb, curves 2).
Besides, the sharp widening of the (422) X-ray line is observed simultaneously with the reduction of the aluminium lattice parameter (Fig. 7аb, curves 3).