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Al-amir, Free Convective Thermal Transmission through Distinct Geometrical Shapes, J. of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, 30 (2024) 357-369
Abd-Saada , Heat Transfer by Free Convection between Horizontal concentric Pipes,The Iraqi Journal For Mechanical And Material Engineering. 8 (2008)
Mohammed, Numerical Analysis of Heat Transfer in Annulus of Composite Material at Different Operation Conditions, Wasit Journal of Engineering Sciences. 12(2024)
Alresheedi, Conjugate entropy generation and heat transfer in a wavy walls’ enclosure containing a suspension of dilute nano-encapsulated phase change material , Journal of Taibah University for Science.(2025)
Majdi, Comprehensive Review of Natural Convection Heat Transfer in Annulus Complex Enclosures, Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences. 13(2020).

Aknowledgments: We also want to thank Professor Gloria de Almeida Soares Metallurgical and Materials Eng.
Biomineralization: Principles and Concepts in Bioinorganic Materials Chemistry.
Materials Chemistry and Physics. 2002, v 77, pp. 70-76. 7 Teng, S.; Shi, J.; , Chena, L.
Journal of Membrane Science. 2006, v 273. pp. 124-128. 9 Wang, X.
Materials Letters. 2006, v 60 (6), pp. 761-765. 12 Christoffersen, J.

Journal of Geophysical Research.  1963, 68(6): 1759-1765
Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2011, 79(3-4): 86-100 [8] J.L.
Journal of Hohai University (Natural Science Edition) (In Chinese). 2002, 30(3): 52-56
Advance in Earth Science (In Chinese). 2003, 18(1): 68-76
Journal of Hohai University (Natural Science Edition) (In Chinese).2003, 31(4): 424-427.

The rheology of shear thickening fluid (STF) and the dynamic performance of an STF-filled damper Smart Materials and Structures, 2008, 17 (3):035027 [2] Young S.
Journal of materials and Science, 2003,38: 2825-2833
Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2010, 527(12): 2892-2899
International Journal of Solid and Structures, 2005, 42(5-6):1561-1576
Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy, 2010, 15(1): 1-7.

Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvester in Electric Vehicles Shanshan Li 1, 2, Zhengbin Wu 2, a, Yikun Su 1 and Kui Xi 2 1 Shenzhen University, College of Materials Science and Engineering, China 2 Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China azb.wu@siat.ac.cn Keywords: vibration energy harvester; piezoelectric vibrator; battery charging; electric vehicles.
Some of its material parameters are listed in Table 1.
Stainless steel is selected as support material due to its excellent elasticity, larger deformability, higher corrosion resistibility, and higher electrical conductivity compared to other metal materials.
Faaij: Performance of batteries for electric vehicles on short and longer term, Journal of Power Sources.
Vol. 20 (2013), p.82-102 [3] L Moro and D Benasciutti: Harvested power and sensitivity analysis of vibrating shoe-mounted piezoelectric cantilevers, Smart Materials and Structures.

Many bio-based materials can use IFF instead of traditional carbon sources (such as starch, cellulose, niacin, ring and alcohol (CD).
Experimental Materials and Methods Raw Materials.
Journal of Polymer Science.(2016) [3] Miao jun Xu, Jing Wang, Yue hang Ding, Bin Li, Synergistic effects of aluminum hypophosphite on intumescent flame retardant polypropylene system,J. 
Chinese Journal of Polymer Science.(2015)113-136
Journal of Applied Polymer Science. (2016)

Novel Cathodes Consisting of La3Ni2O7+δ Mixed with Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ for Proton-Conductive Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (p-SOFCs) Hung-Ghun Ding1, Wei Sun2, Jing-Chie Lin1,2*, Sheng-Wei Lee1, Jason Shian-Ching Jang1, I-Ming Hung3, Kai-Ti Hsu1, Kan-Rong Lee1 1Institute of Materials Science & Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda Rd., Jhongli District, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda Rd., Jhongli District, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan 3Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, 135 Yuan-Tung Road, Jhongli District, Taoyuan City 32003, Taiwan *jclincom@cc.ncu.edu.tw Keywords: Proton-Conductive Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Novel Cathode, Combustion Process, Lanthanum Nickel Oxide, Barium Strontium Cobalt Ferrite Abstract.
BSCF became one of the most popular cathode materials for mid-temperature SOFC since Shao and Haile published a paper to claim a high power density (up to 1010 mW/cm2 at 600°C) resulted from an anode-support SOFC with Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ [6] as the cathode.
Cheng, Investigation of structural and electrochemical properties of LaSrCo1− xSbxO4 (0≤ x≤ 0.20) as potential cathode materials in intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells, Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 247 (2017) 24-30
Bharadwaj, Chemical compatibility study of BSCF cathode materials with proton-conducting BCY/BCZY/BZY electrolytes, Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, (2019) 1-10
KUHARUANGRONG, Synthesis and Physical Properties of La3-xSrxNi2O7±δ Ruddlesden-Popper Phase, Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals, 18 (2008) 77-82.

Introduction Magnesium alloys are one of the promising lightweight materials for automotive, aerospace and biomedical applications.
In addition, most of magnesium components are needed by the automotive industries where the choice of materials is increasingly dictated by weight saving and recycling needs [2].
Furthermore, these materials are also found as remarkable materials for novel biodegradable materials for medical implants [3].
International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture 56 (2012), 17-27
Journal of Materials Processing Technology 167 (2005), 119-123

Chattopadhyay1, b and Pradip Dutta2, c 1Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India ashailesh.iisc@gmail.com , bkamanio@materials.iisc.ernet.in , cpradip@mecheng.iisc.ernet.in Keywords: thixocast, constitutive equation, friction welding, thermo mechanical modeling, temperature and Von-Mises stress distribution Abstract In this paper, a numerical model for friction welding of thixo-cast materials is developed, which includes a coupling of thermal effect and plastic deformation using a finite element method (FEM).
As the constitutive equations for flow behavior of materials for a thixo-cast material are expected to be different from those of conventionally cast material of the same alloy, the necessary material data are experimentally determined from isothermal hot compression tests of the A356 thixocast alloy.
The materials constant involved in the equation are obtained through isothermal hot compression tests performed in the temperature range of 300-500℃ and strain rate in the range of 0.001-10s-1.
Sluzalec: International Journal of mechanical science, vol .32 (1990) p.467– 478
Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, vol.11 (2006) p.737-743.

Insulation materials commonly used in building are divided into two major categories: organic material and inorganic material.
With in-depth research of composite wall insulation materials, composite wall insulation material has gradually overcome the poor fire resistance of traditional organic insulation material, the poor insulation of inorganic insulation materials, as well as the poor compatibility between the interfacial bonding [3].
Therefore, an in-depth the study on composite insulation materials has extremely important significance.
As the uniform package between polystyrene particles as a lightweight aggregate and cement as cementitious materials is particularly important, the control of appropriate volume ratio and water-cement ratio on the performance of insulation materials is very critical.
[3] Zhang Jusong, Jin Jianwei: Research Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University(Natural Science), 3 (2007), p.443-447.