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Tensile test shows that the yield strength and tensile strength of domestic 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy are both higher than imported 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy, however, the material elongation and the reduction of area are both lower than imported material.
From tensile fracture analysis, it concluded that the domestic 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy has large grain size, low structural homogeneity, and little toughness characteristic of fracture, and those characteristics cause low elongation and low reduction of area of domestic 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy.
Mechanical properties of aluminum alloys Material Orientation Yield strength [MPa] Tensile strength [MPa] Elongation [%] Reduction of area [%] Imported 7050-T7451 L 467 513 12.6 51.9 ST 442 521 11.0 15.5 Domestic 7050-T7451 L 481 538 10.5 26.9 ST 475 530 8.0 10.5 It can be seen that in the L and ST direction of the material, the yield strength and tensile strength of domestic 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy are both higher than imported 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy, however, the elongation and the reduction of area of the material are both lower than imported 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy, especially the reduction of area varies considerably.
Conclusion Differences between the domestic and imported 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy were compared based on microstructure and tensile fracture analysis, and findings can be summarized as below. 1) The yield strength and tensile strength of domestic 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy are both higher than imported aluminum alloy, however, the elongation and reduction of area are both lower than imported aluminum alloy. 2) In the microstructure of domestic 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy, the recrystallization and anisotropy degree is higher than imported 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy, and analysis shows that the improper control of rolling deformation and improper control of alloying element are reasons of above phenomenon. 3) The domestic 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy has large grain size, low structural homogeneity, and little toughness characteristic in the tensile fracture, which will cause low elongation and low reduction of area of domestic 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy.
Issues on the mean stress effect in fretting fatigue of a 7050-T7451 Al alloy posed by new experimental data, J.

Reduction of Biological Contaminants from Municipal Wastewater by Encapsulated nZVI in Alginate (Ag) Polymer: Reduction Mechanism with Artificial Intelligence Approach Maha M.
Also, adsorption and kinetic data indicated that the adsorption mechanism runs toward the Sips model to approximate the Freundlich model at low concentration and to solve the Freundlich limitation at high concentration with a maximum adsorption capacity of 181mg/g.
The coefficient of determination between measured data and simulated results (R2) and adjusted R2 existed in 4.
Kumar, COD and BOD reduction from coffee processing wastewater using Avacado peel carbon.
[76] Oladipo, A.A., et al., Bio-derived MgO nanopowders for BOD and COD reduction from tannery wastewater.

Basing on data analysis we determine three stages necessary for designing radiation models of semi-conductor devices: · at the first stage we are to determine relations between a device parameters and electrophysical, optical, geometrical and other properties of the starting substance; · at the second stage we study changes of properties of the starting substance and the device parameters when subjected to radiation and find out regular principles which can describe these changes; · the third stage consists of designing a radiation model basing on the determined principles.
Research data obtained under radiation exposure in passive powering mode, i.e. without operational current, were used for making the LED radiation model.
Fig. 1 Watt-ampere characteristics and volt-watt characteristics under irradiation by fast neutrons: 1 – area of strong injection of electrons; 2 – area of average injection of electrons; 3 – area of low injection of electrons; arrow - boundary between strong and average injection of electrons; light symbols – first stage; dark symbols – second stage; symbols – experimental data , the line - calculation of the established relations First of all we will consider initial LED characteristics.
Fig. 3 Power reduction of radiation under exposure to fast neutrons at different values of the operating current: symbols - experimental data, line - calculation on the established relationships Fig. 3 shows that the reduction of radiation power under exposure to fast neurons undergoes three stages: · at the first stage it is caused by radiation restructuring of the initial defects, which is proved by the fact that the damage ratio does not depend on the exposure level and the power reduction process is more active as the exposure level grows; · at the second stage it is caused by introducing defects of purely radiation nature, damage ratio being dependent on the first stage; · at the third stage transition into low electron injection mode takes place, radiation power does not depend on working current value and does not change when fast neuron fluence further grow.
It can be seen from Fig. 3 which compares the calculated dependences to the experimental data.

The model can usually be set up by use of more than four data. (2) The priori characteristics of original data distribution need not to be known.
The originally experimental data are shown in Table 1.
The data under same condition is variable.
The data series of , , ……, is shown in Table 2.
Experimental design of fatigue property and data treatment [M].

The numerical model, composed of thermophysical material data, geometric data and boundary conditions, was calibrated and experimentally validated.
The numerical model is calibrated by a suitable variation of several boundary conditions, so that the calculated primary dendrite arm spacing is equivalent to the experimentally derived data.
The solid lines represent calculated quantities; the points comply with measured data.
Calculated quantities are given as full symbols, solid lines correspond to approximated data.
Calculated quantities are given as full symbols, solid lines correspond to approximated data.

To predict the fusibility of single and blended coals during combustion, thermodynamic equilibrium calculations are performed using the computer program FactSage 6.1 with thermodynamic data taken from the FACT databases [10].
For the case of PM1, the reduction of S , Si and Al are mainly responsible for the reduction of PM1.
Effects of mineral transformations on the reduction of PM2.5 during the combustion of coal blends Effects of mineral transformations on the reduction of PM1-2.5.
Effects of mineral transformations on the reduction of PM1.
Therefore, the reduction of PM1 can be attributed to the transformation of volatilized vapors.TEM images show that the transformations of the volatile element S,P in submicron particles lead to the reduction of PM1 during the combustion of 50/50 blends, as shown in Fig. 9a and b.

Even if both numerical models (implementing different yield criteria) were tuned using experimental data, quite different results were obtained from the optimization procedure: the adoption of the anisotropic criterion was thus proved to be the suitable choice for better catching the material behaviour, as also confirmed by experimental hydroforming tests aimed at verifying the robustness of numerical data.
A non-contact DIC system was also used to obtain data from WHF tests (strain distribution and thickness reduction) to be used for calibration and validation purposes: the strain distribution was calculated comparing the undeformed blank shape and the one after the WHF (Figure 2a); thickness profiles were evaluated along the longitudinal path indicated in Figure 2b.
For each response variable, a RS able to fit starting data was created.
As an example, in Figure 6 the RSs created using data concerning the response variable Flatness obtained using both the numerical models (the anisotropic yield formulation, a; the isotropic yield function, b) have been presented.
Their capability of fitting data was evaluated calculating the Mean Leave One Out Error (MLOOE) [12]: if lower than 0.2, the RS was considered adequately accurate.

The data shown in this Table indicates that the plastometric modeling was conducted in two stages.
In the first series of the tests, deformation with a total reduction – 1.15 set in 10 passes was modeled, while in the second series, a total reduction of – 1.12 was set in 11 passes.
Distributions of σp values in successive passes in the process of forging a 190×190 [mm × mm] square cross-section E635М alloy forging from a 445 mm-diameter ingot; a) in passes 1–10, b) in passes 11–21; according to the industrial technology From the data shown in Figure 1 it can be found that the distribution of yield stress values during successive passes, and thus forging pressure forces, is non-uniform.
The data shown in the Figure above indicates that, due to the reduction of the number of passes in this particular forging scheme, the yield stress value practically did not change in the entire loading cycle.
It can be noticed that in this particular reduction scheme (Fig. 2), it could be possible to reduce the magnitude of single reductions εi in the first three passes, as well as in passes 16 and 17, by reducing simultaneously the single reductions in passes 4–6 and 9–12.

The denser the arrangement of the equal-width bars, the better the friction reduction effect was.
Wear losses and wear rates of micro-dimple samples and smooth part Specimen Average quality before wear [g] Average quality after wear [g] Weight loss [g] Wear rate T-0 1.5147 1.5130 0.0017 11.22% D-1 1.5552 1.5537 0.0015 9.66% D-2 1.5609 1.5596 0.0013 8.33% D-3 1.5167 1.5155 0.0012 7.91% E-1 1.5622 1.5610 0.0012 7.68% E-2 1.5143 1.5131 0.0012 7.93% E-3 1.5202 1.5188 0.0014 9.21% G-1 1.5565 1.5557 0.0008 5.14% G-2 1.5596 1.5586 0.0010 6.41% G-3 1.5577 1.5566 0.0011 7.06% According to the data in Table1, the friction reduction effect of specimens with textured morphologies is better than that of the specimen with an unprocessed texture.
The circular friction reduction effect is in the order of D-3 (ϕ=200 μm) >D-2 (ϕ=150 μm) >D-1 (ϕ=100 μm).
The friction reduction effect is in the order of E-1 (θ=0°)> E-2 (θ=45°)>E-3 (θ=90°).
The friction reduction effect is in the following order:D-3 (ϕ=200 μm)>D-2 (ϕ=150 μm) >D-1 (ϕ=100 μm); (2) For elliptical micro-dimples, the vertical arrangement of the ellipses provides the maximum bearing capacity and best friction reduction effect.

Based on the site survey and observational data, this paper aims to determine the deformation mechanisms and development stages of the landslide, apply the strength reduction method to calculate the slope stability and put forward the corresponding control measures .
According to the drilling data, the lower part of the sliding body obviously extruded and disturbed, it can be seen a smooth sliding surface at the contact surface with the underlying bedrock, and acicular scratches and sliding bands step.
Figure 6 Horizontal displacement relationship between strength reduction factor Ft and slope soil The maximum horizontal displacement of the soil body and the strength reduction factor Ft is not a linear relationship, with Ft increasing, horizontal displacement also increases slowly, but when ft = 1.3, the displacement mutation, indicating that the slope beginning sliding, when Ft ≥ 1.5, slope calculation model does not converge, indicating that the slope is completely destroyed. based on failure criterion of the strength reduction, determining the safety factor is Fs = 1.3.
The finite element strength reduction factor of slope stability [J].
Finite element strength reduction for slope stability analysis [J].