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Online since: December 2012
Authors: Zuo Jing Su, Guo Qing Zhang, Wei Guan
Especially the use of the existing slow rudder to assist the stabilizing fins appears to provide an inexpensive method for improving the roll reduction currently achieved, without the requirement to provide additional systems or enhance those already fitted [2].
Hence careful selection of their values requires a lot of trials data.
In order to judge the effectiveness of the roll reduction controllers, the definition of “roll reduction rate (RRR)” are also adopted, (18) where “Original” represents the RMS of the roll response without RRC (roll reduction control).
Furthermore, it is can be founded that the roll motion reduction rates have little discernible difference with respect to the different wave encounter angles.
“The application of the self-tuning neural network PID controller on the ship rolls reduction in random waves”.
Hence careful selection of their values requires a lot of trials data.
In order to judge the effectiveness of the roll reduction controllers, the definition of “roll reduction rate (RRR)” are also adopted, (18) where “Original” represents the RMS of the roll response without RRC (roll reduction control).
Furthermore, it is can be founded that the roll motion reduction rates have little discernible difference with respect to the different wave encounter angles.
“The application of the self-tuning neural network PID controller on the ship rolls reduction in random waves”.
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Jiang Bo Wang, Jian Yong Liu, Jie Wang, De Shan Bin
In this article, a novel reducing agent – TCEP (Tris (2-carboxyethyl) phosphine) was used, which has a strong ability for selective reduction of disulfide bonds.
The reducing agent TCEP (Tris (2-carboxyethyl) phosphine) has a structure as follows: With TCEP the reduction is apparently specific and nearly quantitative.
The data given in this paper enable us to speculate on the mechanism of the TCEP-disulphide interaction.
With TCEP, the reduction is apparently specific and nearly quantitative, indicating that the method could have a bright application prospect.
Maclare, The reduction of wool keratin by tertiary phosphines. (1966) [8] David R.Goddard, Leonor Michaelis, A study on keratin. (1934)
The reducing agent TCEP (Tris (2-carboxyethyl) phosphine) has a structure as follows: With TCEP the reduction is apparently specific and nearly quantitative.
The data given in this paper enable us to speculate on the mechanism of the TCEP-disulphide interaction.
With TCEP, the reduction is apparently specific and nearly quantitative, indicating that the method could have a bright application prospect.
Maclare, The reduction of wool keratin by tertiary phosphines. (1966) [8] David R.Goddard, Leonor Michaelis, A study on keratin. (1934)
Online since: September 2011
Authors: PR. Athappan, M. Malarvizhi
[Cu(Salbenzcimine-OCH3)Cl2]OCH3
Results and Discussion
The analytical data of the metal complexes, which are consistent with the assigned molecular formulae, the analytical data and the electronic spectral data are grouped in Table 1.
The spectral data of the complexes are consistent with the typical monomaniac copper(II) complexes with high degree of distortion from square planar geometry [14].
The electrochemical data are given in Table. 3.
Electrochemical data (in mV) of Cu[(Salbencimine-X)]Cl2 in acetonitrile Complex Epc (mV) Epa (mV) ∆Ep (mV) E1/2 (mV) 1 +495 +622 -127 559 2 +492 +619 -127 556 3 +468 +694 -226 581 4 +448 +611 -163 530 5 +518 +649 -131 584 6 +493 +623 -130 558 The higher ε-values of the d-d band, low A|| valves and the positive reduction potential of these copper(II) complexes suggest that they can serve as synthetic model for blue copper proteins without sulphur.
The intrinsic binding constant Kb for the interaction of [Cu(Salbenzcimine-X)Cl2] has been calculated from the absorption spectral titration data using the equation (1) [18].
The spectral data of the complexes are consistent with the typical monomaniac copper(II) complexes with high degree of distortion from square planar geometry [14].
The electrochemical data are given in Table. 3.
Electrochemical data (in mV) of Cu[(Salbencimine-X)]Cl2 in acetonitrile Complex Epc (mV) Epa (mV) ∆Ep (mV) E1/2 (mV) 1 +495 +622 -127 559 2 +492 +619 -127 556 3 +468 +694 -226 581 4 +448 +611 -163 530 5 +518 +649 -131 584 6 +493 +623 -130 558 The higher ε-values of the d-d band, low A|| valves and the positive reduction potential of these copper(II) complexes suggest that they can serve as synthetic model for blue copper proteins without sulphur.
The intrinsic binding constant Kb for the interaction of [Cu(Salbenzcimine-X)Cl2] has been calculated from the absorption spectral titration data using the equation (1) [18].
Online since: February 2014
Authors: Sunil D. Majagi, G. Chandramohan
In the study process factors namely feed rate, speed and coolant were analysed to understand the effect on the surface roughness, percentage (%) of thickness reduction, grain size and hardness of the Aluminium (Al) sheet metal after forming.
But these method have exhibited several defects in sheet metal forming, namely build up, surface cracks, surface finish, uneven thickness reduction, dissimilarity in hardness etc.
The obtained experimental results surface roughness, % of thickness reduction, grain size and hardness are tabulated below (Table 1).
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS The Software Design Expert (Version 8.0.7.1, State-Ease Inc., Minneapolis, USA) has been used for the experimental design, data analysis, and to build linear, 2FI and quadratic model.
Table 2 Model summary statistics for surface roughens, % of thickness reduction, grain size and hardness of incremental forming Source Standard deviation Mean R2 Adj.
But these method have exhibited several defects in sheet metal forming, namely build up, surface cracks, surface finish, uneven thickness reduction, dissimilarity in hardness etc.
The obtained experimental results surface roughness, % of thickness reduction, grain size and hardness are tabulated below (Table 1).
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS The Software Design Expert (Version 8.0.7.1, State-Ease Inc., Minneapolis, USA) has been used for the experimental design, data analysis, and to build linear, 2FI and quadratic model.
Table 2 Model summary statistics for surface roughens, % of thickness reduction, grain size and hardness of incremental forming Source Standard deviation Mean R2 Adj.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Jian Xin Xie, Xiao Le Wang, Chao Liu
Compared with original data, decoupling degree also has a very great improvement, illustrating that the optimized data has greater effect for the isolated vibration of engine, in order to further verify the feasibility of optimization design method.
Through data analysis, it can prove the simulation calculation is successful.
It uses Adams software for simulation, and compared with original data, the vibration frequency of mounting system illustrates that the optimized result can achieve the effect of mounting system vibration reduction.
Through simulation data, it shows that energy distribution situation of energy decoupling optimization achieves 81%.
Simulation research of car engine mounting reduction feature[D]Shenyang Technology University, 2011
Through data analysis, it can prove the simulation calculation is successful.
It uses Adams software for simulation, and compared with original data, the vibration frequency of mounting system illustrates that the optimized result can achieve the effect of mounting system vibration reduction.
Through simulation data, it shows that energy distribution situation of energy decoupling optimization achieves 81%.
Simulation research of car engine mounting reduction feature[D]Shenyang Technology University, 2011
Online since: March 2022
Authors: Sumber Sumber, Endang Dian Setioningsih, Torib Hamzah
Data Acquisition.
Data storage can be in the form of images and text data.
Data Collection.
Data storage can be in the form of images and text data.
Data Processing.
Data storage can be in the form of images and text data.
Data Collection.
Data storage can be in the form of images and text data.
Data Processing.
Online since: October 2012
Authors: Li Li Zhou
Because of these characteristics, China can play a greater role in carbon reduction.
China has actively participated in the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) and Certification Emission Reduction (CER) transactions.
Use this data to calculate the n consecutive composite rate of return , The formula is: (7) The formula (7) above compute the natural logarithm of the return within the time interval, and we get the consecutive composite rate of return.
Data selection and results of calculation Selection of data In order to test the practicality of the pricing model, we test primary pCER transactions of a CDM project in 2009.if the transaction pricing in the option way above, it can improved effectiveness, and compare the premium with the price difference of at least € 3 between primary and second CER market.
If the annual emission reductions is 100,000 tCO2e, total the pricing power increase of 2.98797 Euros / tCO2e.
China has actively participated in the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) and Certification Emission Reduction (CER) transactions.
Use this data to calculate the n consecutive composite rate of return , The formula is: (7) The formula (7) above compute the natural logarithm of the return within the time interval, and we get the consecutive composite rate of return.
Data selection and results of calculation Selection of data In order to test the practicality of the pricing model, we test primary pCER transactions of a CDM project in 2009.if the transaction pricing in the option way above, it can improved effectiveness, and compare the premium with the price difference of at least € 3 between primary and second CER market.
If the annual emission reductions is 100,000 tCO2e, total the pricing power increase of 2.98797 Euros / tCO2e.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Hui Li, Ze Bin Huang, Jie Gao, Jing Xiao Zhang
Such evaluation should be performed in the following way: determination of objectives, establishment of an index system, and building of an evaluation model, collection & reduction of data, implementation of technical & economic evaluation, and analysis & test of results[2].
Economic evaluation index system for ECER in IFP-LCE Evaluation index Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Input index Costs for construction funds R&D; Hardware; Software; Maps; Installation Costs for operation & maintenance Workers' wages; Equipment maintenance; Data collection; Map updating Costs for user equipment Handheld device Output index Time saving benefits Goods on-route time saving; Travelers' travel time saving; Energy saving benefit Oil saving benefit Emission reduction benefits NOx, HC and CO (toxic gas) emission reduction; CO2 (greenhouse gas) emission reduction Evaluation model and Input cost calculation The object of “with/without” is the project to be evaluated[4].
Cbt=i=1nQi (2) where Cbt -- the total input costs for operation & maintenance in the t-th year; in Yuan; Qi --the n-th type of costs among employees' wages, data collection costs, and equipment updating costs, which are needed to stabilize the operation of the project; in Yuan.
Greenhouse gas reduction benefits.
Therefore, in practice, carbon emission output benefits are calculated on basis of CO2 reduction.
Economic evaluation index system for ECER in IFP-LCE Evaluation index Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Input index Costs for construction funds R&D; Hardware; Software; Maps; Installation Costs for operation & maintenance Workers' wages; Equipment maintenance; Data collection; Map updating Costs for user equipment Handheld device Output index Time saving benefits Goods on-route time saving; Travelers' travel time saving; Energy saving benefit Oil saving benefit Emission reduction benefits NOx, HC and CO (toxic gas) emission reduction; CO2 (greenhouse gas) emission reduction Evaluation model and Input cost calculation The object of “with/without” is the project to be evaluated[4].
Cbt=i=1nQi (2) where Cbt -- the total input costs for operation & maintenance in the t-th year; in Yuan; Qi --the n-th type of costs among employees' wages, data collection costs, and equipment updating costs, which are needed to stabilize the operation of the project; in Yuan.
Greenhouse gas reduction benefits.
Therefore, in practice, carbon emission output benefits are calculated on basis of CO2 reduction.
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Rui Guo, He Chen, Na Su, Yue Hong Zhang, Xuan Wen Liu
Fig.1 Temperature curves of calcines with different Fig.2 TG-DSC curves of laterite ore feed
carbon content during microwave heating
In fig.2, the data of TG-DSC are showed.
The data in table 2 illustrate that the degree of reduction increases with the rising of heating power.
Carbothermic reduction by microwave heating [J].
Microwave reduction of nickeliferous silicate laterite ores [C].
Microwave application in carbothermic reduction of iron ores [J].
The data in table 2 illustrate that the degree of reduction increases with the rising of heating power.
Carbothermic reduction by microwave heating [J].
Microwave reduction of nickeliferous silicate laterite ores [C].
Microwave application in carbothermic reduction of iron ores [J].
Online since: June 2024
Authors: Fabio Velarde Safra, Luis Adrian Flores Soto, Pablo Jhoel Peña Torres
As mentioned above, experimental data were taken from the specimens tested at 5, 9, 14, 23, 35, and 70 days for the groups of specimens with w/c ratios of 0.60 and 0.72 as shown in Fig.4.
First, to make a comparison of results between theoretical and experimental data, an equivalent ratio of 1 week in the accelerated carbonation chamber at 4% CO2 concentration to 1 year in the theoretical model was assumed.
These data are based on that proposed by [20], whose research proposes a correlation of one week of carbonation in the laboratory equivalent to one year of natural carbonation.
When comparing the theoretical and experimental data shown in Figure 6, it can be observed that both have a very similar trend.
- The modified CEB-FIB model has an accuracy of ±0.1 mm according to experimental and theoretical data for concrete with a w/c ratio of 0.60 and 0.72
First, to make a comparison of results between theoretical and experimental data, an equivalent ratio of 1 week in the accelerated carbonation chamber at 4% CO2 concentration to 1 year in the theoretical model was assumed.
These data are based on that proposed by [20], whose research proposes a correlation of one week of carbonation in the laboratory equivalent to one year of natural carbonation.
When comparing the theoretical and experimental data shown in Figure 6, it can be observed that both have a very similar trend.
- The modified CEB-FIB model has an accuracy of ±0.1 mm according to experimental and theoretical data for concrete with a w/c ratio of 0.60 and 0.72