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This method utilizes microwave energy to heat various solid materials.
Experimental Materials and methods.
This method utilized three layers of each material.
, Energy & Environmental Science 5 (2012) 5481-5488
Ani, Heating characteristics of biomass and carbonaceous materials under microwave radiation, presented at Clean Energy and Technology (CET), 2011 IEEE First Conference on, 2011

Introduction Fatigue of engineering materials is a very complicated process that causes damage or failure of components or structures subject to dynamic loading, and is difficult to describe and model accurately.
Elber: The Stress Ratio Effect on Fatigue Crack Closure, in: Damage Tolerance of Aircraft Structures, ASTM STP 486, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia (1971), pp230-242
Goel: The Statistic Nature of Fatigue Crack Propagation, ASME Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology, Vol. 101, (1979), pp. 148-153
Tanaka et al., pp. 71-89, Elsevier Applied Science Publishers (1987)
[14] ASTM E647-91: Standard Test Method for Measurement of Fatigue Crack Growth Rates, American Society for Testing and Materials, Vol.03.01 (1991), pp. 679-706.

Introduction Highly insulated materials are most in demand due to the miniaturization of electrical devices and industrial technological applications.
Noted from Figure 2, the dielectric loss factor is directly proportional to the energy dissipation in the insulating materials.
Hence, this factor is of great concern to many scientific applications of ceramic materials.
One of main ceramics advantages of dielectrics that the loss factor is very small compared with other available materials such as the plastics.
Mchenry, Structure of Materials, Cambridge University Press, New Yrk, 2007

Good design will use environmentally favorable materials and produce products with high remanufacturability.
In the system, manufacturers use remanufactured parts and recycled materials provided by EOL product handler to produce their products.
Manufacturers taking strategy s2 need no investment but enjoy the benefits of low price remanufactured parts and materials.
Journal of Cleaner Production, 19(17-18), 2004-2014
Management Science, 2005, 51(8):1193-1205

Nowadays, the composite materials are often used in engineering applications.
Bermejo: Procedia Materials Science Vol. 3 (2014), p. 2071
Nahlik, Mechanics of Composites Materials Vol. 49 (2013), p. 475
Majer: Key Engineering Materials Vol. 525-526 (2012), p. 173
Hutar: Key Engineering Materials, Vol. 488-489 (2012), p. 484

Computer Simulation of Heat Treatment Process for 125MN Plunger Mo Chunli 1,3 , Ling Jin 2,Luan Yikun 1 , Shen Caiping2 1 Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016,P.R.China 2 Shanghai Heavy Forging and Casting Research Institute,Shanghai，200245，P.R.China 3 Shenyang Institute of Aeronautical Engineering, 110034, P.R.China Email:clmo@imr.ac.cn Abstract: The heavy 125MN Plunger is weight 140 ton, its heat treatment process include two part, one is heat and another is quenching in order to attain certain hardness on its surface and toughness on its body.
Then radiate heat transfer coefficient Hr wc w c r TT T T H − + − + = 4 4 ) 100 273 () 100 273 ( 768.5 ε (3) Tcand Tw are air temperature and surface temperature of forging sample respectively. εis radiance which is shown as equation (4) )1 1 ( 1 1 00 −+ = εε ε A Aw w (4) ε0 为 is the radiance of hearth material, often selected 0.82, εw is the radiance of sample changing with temperature, often selected 0.8.
References [1] Z.Liu,Z.J.Wu,J.Z.Wu,Y.Zhang:Numerical simulation in heat treatment process(science and technology Publications,Beijing,1996)
[2] Isabel perezGrande,Damian Rivas,Valentin de Pablo,A global thermal analysis of multizone resistance furnaces with specular and diffuse samples,Journal of crystal growth, Vol.246, (2002), p.37 [3] Tamas Reti,Zoltan Fried,Imre Felde,Computer simulation of steel quenching process using a multi-phase transformation model ,Computational materials science.
Li, The application of computer simulation in the heat-treatment process of a large-scale bearing roller, Journal of Materials Processing TechnologyVol.12 (2002),p.241 [6] C.L.MO,Y.K.Luan,J.Lin,Research on Differential Temperature Heat Treatment Process for 2.25Cr1Mo Steel Heavy Cylindric Forging, HEAT TREATMENT OF METALS ,Vol.30(2005),p.81

Experiment Materials and Equipments.
Abidin: Chemical Engineering Journal, Vol.181-182 (2012), 449-457
Khan: Journal of Natural Fibers , Vol.6 (2009), p. 98-107
Du, et al: Advanced Materials research, 531 (2012), p.227-230
Gao, et al: Advanced Materials research, 535 (2012), p.1478-1481

Materials and Methods Preparation of materials and reagents.
[2] Yuefang Chen, Cunyi Song and Cuiping Wang: submitted to Environmental Science (2006) in Chinese
Weatherley: submitted to Chemical Engineering Journal (2008) [4] L.P.
Pang: submitted to Journal of Hazardous Materials (2007) [8] M.Y.
[12] Shutao Wang, Jun Ma and Hai Tian: submitted to Environmental Science and Management (2005) in Chinese.

[2] Zongliang Zhang, Yanan Jia, Bingyin Zhang: Comparison and verification of constitutive models for rockfill materials under complex stress path.
Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering Num. 10 (2001), p.1.
[5] Gui Yang, Hanlong Liu, Yumin Chen: Research on size effect of rock-fill materials on dynamic deformation property.
Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering Vol. 28-5 (2009), p. 121.
[6]HOOMANS B P B, KUIPERS J A M, BRIELS W J, VAN SWAAIJ W P M: Chemical Engineering Science Vol. 51-1 (1996), p. 99.

Every layer is composed of homogeneous, isotropic materials.
With the development of new materials and new techniques, the service life of highway will be improved considerably.
Journal of Qingdao University Engineering & Technology Edition, 2006，21（2）:59-63
Science Press, 2007 [5] Lun Sun.
Journal of Applied Mechanics, 2005,72:772-777