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The core of the infrared thermal wave detection technology is the study of the interaction between the heat source and media materials or their geometric structures.
After being heated, the physical structure characteristics and boundary conditions on the surface and subsurface of the different media materials will affect the transmission of the thermal wave and will also affect the variation of the surface temperature field.
Fig. 3 Excited infrared thermal wave image Fig. 4 Change curve of the temperature field Conclusion The infrared radiation temperatures of coal and gangue were different at room temperature or under infrared thermal excitation because of the differences of material and density between coal and gangue.
Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science), 27 (5) :22-25, 2006
Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 25 (10), 1997.

(1) k: the coefficient connected with the anchorage segment and the rock : the shear strain of the rock; ：the axial strain of the anchorage segment; Fig. 1 Load transfer of the anchoring section Fig. 2 The deformation of the microelement The Basic Solution of the Stress Distribution along Prestressed Anchor in Rock Mass The basic assumptions: (1) The rock and bonding materials are assumed as the same elastic material, so the shear modulus between the rock and the anchoring segment is ； (2) The axial stress on the anchorage segment is uniformly distributed along the radius of the anchor; (3) The anchorage segment is loaded in elastic state.
The anchoring force is mainly provided by the anchor segment near the loading points, so in the design of anchor the length of the anchor segment should not exceed the effective anchoring length, or it will waste of materials and is useless to increase the ultimate bearing capacity of anchor
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the Innovation fund for Kunming University of Science and Technology (2012YC081).
Hyperbolic Function Model to Analyze Load Transfer Mechanism on Bolts.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering.2002
Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering. 2000,19(3):339-341

The effect of the singularity induced by the free surface on fatigue crack growth in thin structures Pavel Hutař1, a, Luboš Náhlík 1,b and Zdeněk Knésl1,c 1 Institute of Physics of Materials, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Zizkova 22, 616 62 Brno, Czech Republic a hutar@ipm.cz, bnahlik@ipm.cz, cknesl@ipm.cz Keywords: Fatigue crack, vertex singularity, thin structures.
Finally, if the structure is thin enough, stress singularity is roughly constant along crack front, smaller than ½, and depends on the Poisson's ratio of the material.
Acknowledgments This investigation was supported by grants nos. 106/06/P239 and 101/08/1623 of the Czech Science Foundation.
Kuhn : International Journal of Fatigue Vol. 28 (2006), p. 627-634 [4] C.R.
Shivakumar, I.S Raju : International Journal of Fracture Vol. 45 (1990), p. 159-178 [7] Hutař, P., Náhlík, L., Knésl, Z.: Key Engineering Materials, Vols. 348-349 (2007), p. 377-380

Topology optimization step as follows: (1) Defining the design domain, material properties and load, dividing design system and the space in which exit into a limited grid structure, each unit has a certain status (with different thickness, density or elastic modulus, etc.).
In view of material and economy, it is necessary to minimize its weight, in addition the rigidity which is sufficient to withstand the load and isolated resonance should also be considered [6].
Yong: Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, (2006).
(In Chinese) [4] Sedlaczek: Journal of Computational and Nonlinear Dynamics, Vol. 4 (2009) No. 2
Zhang: Science in China Series E Technological Sciences, Vol. 51 (2008) No. 4.

The specific parameters of materials are shown in Table 1.
Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2016, 52(13):68-73
Acoustic Locally Resonant Materials [J].
Science 2000, 289, 1734-1740
Journal of Applied Physics, 2011, 110(12):204-208

Not only reinforce skills training, but also teachers should pay more attention to the brainpower training, properly handle the relationship between the materials and texture of the screen objects, space theme and background [4].
The design would better tend to conceptualize to exercise the creative thinking of students, and would allow them to thinking about the performance technique using of new materials and new combination ways.
Journal of Guilin University of Electronic Technology,2009(4):35
Journal of Xianning University,2010(1):30
Journal Of Engineering Graphics,2009(5):35..

Two model arch ribs which were similar in material and geometric size were concentrated loading at crown and L/4 section respectively.
Acknowledgements The writer gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by The Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of the P.R.
References [1] Y.Sheng: Experimental Study on In-Plane Behavior of CFST Arch with New-Type Dumbbell-Shaped Section, Advanced Materials Research, Vol 255-260, June (2011), p. 1198-1203
[2] Y.Sheng: Parameter Analysis on Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Arch Bridges with Dumbbell Shaped Section, Journal of Guizhou University (Natural Science Edition), Vol. 27(4) ， Aug (2010), p.114-117.
Chen: Finite Element Methods for Analysis on Material Nonlinearity of Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Arch, Journal of Fuzhou University(Natural Science Edition) , Vol.32(3), June (2004) , p.344-348.

Sulfonated aromatic hydrocarbon polymers as alternative materials have been intensively studied in the past decades.[2] However, most of the developed hydrocarbon-based PEMs suffer from dilemma of the basic properties for PEMs of ion exchange capacity (IEC), water uptake and proton conductivity.
For the hydrophobic oligomers, the block length (5, 10 and 15) was controlled by varying the molar ratio of starting materials of DFDPS and BP.
High temperature (HT) polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC)-A review [J], Journal of Power Sources, 2013 (231) 264-278
Role of post-sulfonation of poly(ether ether sulfone) in proton conductivity and chemical stability of its proton exchange membranes for fuel cell [J] international journal of hydrogen energy, 2010 (35) 3736-3744 [6] Yoshimitsu Sakaguchi, Atsushi Kaji.
Synthesis and characterization of novel fluorinated poly(arylene ether sulfone)s containing pendant sulfonic acid groups for proton exchange membrane materials [J] Journal of Membrane Science, 2012 (409) 145-155 [8] Chengsong Ma, Lei Zhang.

Extinguishing bomb can easily penetrate glass material with general stiffness.
Journal of Ordnance Engineering College. 2009,21(6),p.23~30 [3] CHEN Xue-li, WANG Ke-yin, GONG Hua-xiong.
Fire Science and Technology .2010, 29(8), p.689~691 [4] DU Li-qiang, Chai Tao.
Journal of combustion science and technology. 2011,17(1), p.78~82 [6] HAN Bao-cheng, LEI Hong-fei, XU Yu-xin, WANG Shu-shan.
Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials. 2011,19(3),p.310~314 [7] DING Jue, LU Zhong-bing, WENG Pei-fei.

Before, the development and utilization of edible fungi has been mainly based on agricultural cultivation, access to the fruiting body is limited by season and raw materials.
MATERIALS AND METHODS MATERIALS Strain: Grifola frondosa, from Fujian Sanming Institute of Fungi.
Journal of Shangqiu Normal University, 4(2003)104-105.
Biochemical Engineering Journal, 38(2008)198-205
Journal of Henan University of Technology of Natural Science Edition, 31(2010)71-75.