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Online since: May 2004
Authors: William J. Weber, Weilin Jiang, C. Wang, Lu Min Wang, K. Sun
Based on the data in Fig. 3, the relative disorder on the Ga sublattice at the damage peak is
plotted in Fig. 4 as a function of dose in dpa.
Also included are the data of the disorder accumulation in GaN irradiated with 0.6 MeV O + ions at different temperatures.
The two sets of data at 190 and 210 K fall on the same curve, while there is an observable shift of dose to a higher value for irradiation at 300 K.
Solid and dashed lines are the smooth connections of the Ga and N data points, respectively, to aid the eye (adapted from Ref. [31]).
Fruitful discussion about the data analysis with Y.
Also included are the data of the disorder accumulation in GaN irradiated with 0.6 MeV O + ions at different temperatures.
The two sets of data at 190 and 210 K fall on the same curve, while there is an observable shift of dose to a higher value for irradiation at 300 K.
Solid and dashed lines are the smooth connections of the Ga and N data points, respectively, to aid the eye (adapted from Ref. [31]).
Fruitful discussion about the data analysis with Y.
Online since: July 2007
Authors: R.D. Knutsen
The ingots were reheated to 1150°C and hot rolled in several passes to a total reduction of 88%.
Microstructures were characterised using EBSD as this makes it possible to acquire grain structure and orientation data simultaneously.
Three separate TD traces, each measuring 5mm in length were acquired for each sample to ensure reasonable data collection.
TD RD 5 mm Row 1 Row 2 Row 3 500 µm TD RD 5 mm Row 1 Row 2 Row 3 500 µm 2.90 3.00 3.10 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.100.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 Distance in TD (mm) Taylor Factor Sample B Sample A 2.90 3.00 3.10 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.100.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 Distance in TD (mm) Taylor Factor Sample B Sample A (b) (a) TD RD 5 mm Row 1 Row 2 Row 3 500 µm TD RD 5 mm Row 1 Row 2 Row 3 500 µm 2.90 3.00 3.10 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.100.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 Distance in TD (mm) Taylor Factor Sample B Sample A 2.90 3.00 3.10 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.100.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 Distance in TD (mm) Taylor Factor Sample B Sample A (b) (a) Figure 4: (a) Grid layout for EBSD data acquisition on both samples in CRA condition; (b) average Taylor factor for individual maps along rows 1 - 3 depicted in (a).
Microstructures were characterised using EBSD as this makes it possible to acquire grain structure and orientation data simultaneously.
Three separate TD traces, each measuring 5mm in length were acquired for each sample to ensure reasonable data collection.
TD RD 5 mm Row 1 Row 2 Row 3 500 µm TD RD 5 mm Row 1 Row 2 Row 3 500 µm 2.90 3.00 3.10 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.100.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 Distance in TD (mm) Taylor Factor Sample B Sample A 2.90 3.00 3.10 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.100.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 Distance in TD (mm) Taylor Factor Sample B Sample A (b) (a) TD RD 5 mm Row 1 Row 2 Row 3 500 µm TD RD 5 mm Row 1 Row 2 Row 3 500 µm 2.90 3.00 3.10 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.100.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 Distance in TD (mm) Taylor Factor Sample B Sample A 2.90 3.00 3.10 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.100.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 Distance in TD (mm) Taylor Factor Sample B Sample A (b) (a) Figure 4: (a) Grid layout for EBSD data acquisition on both samples in CRA condition; (b) average Taylor factor for individual maps along rows 1 - 3 depicted in (a).
Online since: October 2010
Authors: Hong Jun Liu, Pi Xiang Wang, Wei Shan, Yan Qiu Yang, Chun Jiao Wang, Ying Guo
Table.2 Comparison table of physical and mechanical properties index between
wetland soft soil in Halahai and delta soft soil in Zhujiang delta
physical and mechanical properties index
Soft soil type
delta soft soil
average
wetland soft soil
humus clay
silty clay
[%]
33.9~98.8
58.6
41.6
36.25
[%]
12.0~48.0
25.4
32.5
27.4
[%]
22.6~65.0
45.7
48.7
40.8
0~39.0
20.0
16.2
13.4
e
1.0~2.7
1.6
1.17
1.04
Sr [%]
94~100
98.5
97
95
[ MPα-1]
0.14~3.31
1.17
0.85
0.71
[MPa]
0.9~14.0
2.46
2.17
2.36
Cq []
1~27
8.4
13.2
16.5
q [o]
2~29.5
16.3
2.1
16.7
Comparison data in Table 2 showed that the physical and mechanical properties of Pearl River delta soft soil were worse than Halahai wetlands soft soil, which mainly as follows: large water content , large void ratio, large compression property and soil present the shape of flow plastic state .
Comparing the experimental data of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 we known that , Halahai wetland soft soil strength characteristics were superior to the shallow siltyclay, silt loam and deeper silt clay along the Shanghai-Nanjing expressway, and were secondary to loam ,which reflect the closely relationship between soft soil mechanical characteristics and its basic physical and mechanical properties indicators, the maximum difference up to 40 ~ 70kPa when confining pressure was100kPa, the maximum difference up to 60 ~ 80kPa when confining pressure was 200kPa.
From tab.1 and 3 known that, the cohesion values of Halahai wetland soft soil was relative greater during fast cutting, when consolidation is less than 20%, the cohesion increases with the reduction of consolidation degree; when consolidation was greater than 20%, the cohesion was basically on the rise with the growth of consolidation degree.
According to the data in tab.4, the similar rules can be drawn, that is when consolidation was less than 30%, soft soil cohesion generally reduced with the increase of consolidation degree, this variation law shows that soft soil has a certain structural [13].The cohesion reduced when the beginning of consolidation due to disturbing.
Comparing the experimental data of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 we known that , Halahai wetland soft soil strength characteristics were superior to the shallow siltyclay, silt loam and deeper silt clay along the Shanghai-Nanjing expressway, and were secondary to loam ,which reflect the closely relationship between soft soil mechanical characteristics and its basic physical and mechanical properties indicators, the maximum difference up to 40 ~ 70kPa when confining pressure was100kPa, the maximum difference up to 60 ~ 80kPa when confining pressure was 200kPa.
From tab.1 and 3 known that, the cohesion values of Halahai wetland soft soil was relative greater during fast cutting, when consolidation is less than 20%, the cohesion increases with the reduction of consolidation degree; when consolidation was greater than 20%, the cohesion was basically on the rise with the growth of consolidation degree.
According to the data in tab.4, the similar rules can be drawn, that is when consolidation was less than 30%, soft soil cohesion generally reduced with the increase of consolidation degree, this variation law shows that soft soil has a certain structural [13].The cohesion reduced when the beginning of consolidation due to disturbing.
Online since: February 2018
Authors: Taylor C. Steele, Lydell D.A. Wiebe
The total system uncertainty was calculated by combining
each uncertainty parameter using Equation (1) [17]:
βTOT = √
βRTR2 +βDR2 +βTD2 +βMDL2. (1)
where βRTR is the record-to-record variability of the collapse data, and βDR, βTD, and βMDL are the
additional uncertainty attributed to the robustness of the design requirements, the accuracy of the test
data and the accuracy of the numerical model, respectively.
A collapse fragility curve could not be generated using the observed data from implementing the methodology, but it is clear that the probability of collapse during an MCE-level event would exceed the acceptable limit.
This led to an increase in the collapse margin ratio from 2.40 to 3.68 and a reduction in probability of collapse Table 1: Collapse assessment results based on the multiple stripes analyses.
A collapse fragility curve could not be generated using the observed data from implementing the methodology, but it is clear that the probability of collapse during an MCE-level event would exceed the acceptable limit.
This led to an increase in the collapse margin ratio from 2.40 to 3.68 and a reduction in probability of collapse Table 1: Collapse assessment results based on the multiple stripes analyses.
Online since: January 2022
Authors: Samia Achour, Fattoum Bouchemal
Graphical representations, based on the ion content, show the classification of water chemistry data.
A software program has been used to analyze our data set.
Salinization can cause yield reductions for many crops and can lead to desertification [24].
- The plot of analytical data on the Wilcox [29] diagram shows that the samples of Maastrichtian aquifer belong good category.
A software program has been used to analyze our data set.
Salinization can cause yield reductions for many crops and can lead to desertification [24].
- The plot of analytical data on the Wilcox [29] diagram shows that the samples of Maastrichtian aquifer belong good category.
Online since: February 2012
Authors: Wei Qing Zhuang, Zhen Yu Liu
Introduction
Interorganizational information systems (IOS) was first proposed by Felix Kaufman in 1966 published on Harvard Business Review, which called data systems across organizational boundaries[1].
In order to study extent of supply chain transaction costs reduction after building a FIOS, first build the transaction cost function.
However, more studies are needed to extend validate our findings by real data or case study.
References [1] Felix Kaufman: Data systems that cross company boundaries, Harvard Business Review. (1966) [2] Barrett, S., and Konsynski, B: Inter-Organization Information Sharing Systems, MIS Quarterly, Special Issue, Fall (1982), p.93-105 [3] Cash, J.
In order to study extent of supply chain transaction costs reduction after building a FIOS, first build the transaction cost function.
However, more studies are needed to extend validate our findings by real data or case study.
References [1] Felix Kaufman: Data systems that cross company boundaries, Harvard Business Review. (1966) [2] Barrett, S., and Konsynski, B: Inter-Organization Information Sharing Systems, MIS Quarterly, Special Issue, Fall (1982), p.93-105 [3] Cash, J.
Online since: March 2009
Authors: Roger Morrell
The test results are
shown in Table 2, and demonstrate close equivalence of the two methods with a reduction in scatter
with indentation tilting.
There is generally a very good correlation between the SEVNB and the SCF data where the latter could be obtained.
** - *,** 5.80 ± 0.23 * Did not fail from indentation flaw. ** Failed from flaw, but flaw boundary could not be clearly identified except possibly in one test-piece. 100 µm100 µm100 µm Fig. 5: Indeterminate HK5 inclined SCF pre-crack in material 10, SIKA SiC using either (left) normal illumination or (right) grazing illumination. #1 PS10777 SiC #2 PS5000 SiC #3 ESK SiC (1) #4 ESK SiC (2) #5 B4C #6 White Al2O3 #7 Pink Al2O3 #8 WC/W2C #9 Si3N4 #10 SIKA SiC #1 PS10777 SiC #2 PS5000 SiC #3 ESK SiC (1) #4 ESK SiC (2) #5 B4C #6 White Al2O3 #7 Pink Al2O3 #8 WC/W2C #9 Si3N4 #10 SIKA SiC Fig. 6: Schematic comparison of fracture toughness data.
In addition, the SEVNB method provides data which could not be readily be obtained by the SCF method using convenient optical fractography.
There is generally a very good correlation between the SEVNB and the SCF data where the latter could be obtained.
** - *,** 5.80 ± 0.23 * Did not fail from indentation flaw. ** Failed from flaw, but flaw boundary could not be clearly identified except possibly in one test-piece. 100 µm100 µm100 µm Fig. 5: Indeterminate HK5 inclined SCF pre-crack in material 10, SIKA SiC using either (left) normal illumination or (right) grazing illumination. #1 PS10777 SiC #2 PS5000 SiC #3 ESK SiC (1) #4 ESK SiC (2) #5 B4C #6 White Al2O3 #7 Pink Al2O3 #8 WC/W2C #9 Si3N4 #10 SIKA SiC #1 PS10777 SiC #2 PS5000 SiC #3 ESK SiC (1) #4 ESK SiC (2) #5 B4C #6 White Al2O3 #7 Pink Al2O3 #8 WC/W2C #9 Si3N4 #10 SIKA SiC Fig. 6: Schematic comparison of fracture toughness data.
In addition, the SEVNB method provides data which could not be readily be obtained by the SCF method using convenient optical fractography.
Online since: September 2008
Authors: Michael Schütze, Georg Kunschert, Hans Peter Martinz
I/G basically favours a higher cost
reduction potential and makes it possible to add reactive elements in an elemental, not oxidized
form, whereas P/M gives the opportunity to highly disperse and homogenize all alloy constituents
by utilizing a mechanical alloying procedure [3].
Fluctuations in the isothermal test can be related to a higher error of measurement, 20h 168h 168h 20h ITM Crofer (a) (b) 0 0,05 0,1 0,15 0,2 0,25 0,3 0,35 0,4 0,45 0,5 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Square-root Time [h exp0,5] Mass Gain [mg/cm²] ITM ITM14 Croferas only two samples each gave a data point.
However, for Crofer (only 168h analyzed, open square data point) the oxide-areas do not match the mass-gain.
Kunschert, Deliverable 2.9, RealSOFC, a 6 th framework European Union integrated project (undisclosed research data)
Fluctuations in the isothermal test can be related to a higher error of measurement, 20h 168h 168h 20h ITM Crofer (a) (b) 0 0,05 0,1 0,15 0,2 0,25 0,3 0,35 0,4 0,45 0,5 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Square-root Time [h exp0,5] Mass Gain [mg/cm²] ITM ITM14 Croferas only two samples each gave a data point.
However, for Crofer (only 168h analyzed, open square data point) the oxide-areas do not match the mass-gain.
Kunschert, Deliverable 2.9, RealSOFC, a 6 th framework European Union integrated project (undisclosed research data)
Online since: May 2013
Authors: Di Ming Lou, Si Li Qian, Zhi Yuan Hu, Pi Qiang Tan
At the same time, the energy conservation and emissions reduction of vehicles has become an important research topic in vehicle research field due to the increasing shortage of the petroleum resources and energy problem, and the alternative fuel technology [2] is just one of the solutions.
Compared with other test methods, the use of PEMS car road exhaust test can not only reflect the exhaust data in the real-road conditions reliably, but also test without the limitation of vehicle position [6].
Statistical analysis of the test data shows the typical operating parameters of the China IV CNG bus in the peak and non-peak hours as Table 2 below.
Performance study about biodiesel impact on buses engines using dynamometer tests and fleet consumption data[J].
Compared with other test methods, the use of PEMS car road exhaust test can not only reflect the exhaust data in the real-road conditions reliably, but also test without the limitation of vehicle position [6].
Statistical analysis of the test data shows the typical operating parameters of the China IV CNG bus in the peak and non-peak hours as Table 2 below.
Performance study about biodiesel impact on buses engines using dynamometer tests and fleet consumption data[J].
Online since: July 2020
Authors: Bambang Priyono, Anne Zulfia, Jaka Fajar Fatriansyah, Ananta Riezky Bachtiar, Hugo Abraham, Mohammad Ridho Nugraha, Faizah Faizah, Achmad Subhan
Based on the data we could see from Figure 3, several parameters are ZnO nanorods and activated carbon phase.
Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) curve for (a) ZnO-NR30/AC, (b) ZnO-NR40/AC, and (c) ZnO-NR50/AC Cathodic peak ranging from 0.1 to 0.454 V can be detected in Figure 5 (a), which can be assigned to the reduction ZnO to Zn.
To find out this, a graph is needed that shows the results of data analysis from CD testing, as shown in Figure 7, The figure shows a graph of charge-discharge specific capacity from each sample with a current rate of 0.2C to 20C.
From this data, It can be seen that the charging and discharging capacity of 0.2C to 20C, which is the highest, is owned by ZnO-NR50/AC.
Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) curve for (a) ZnO-NR30/AC, (b) ZnO-NR40/AC, and (c) ZnO-NR50/AC Cathodic peak ranging from 0.1 to 0.454 V can be detected in Figure 5 (a), which can be assigned to the reduction ZnO to Zn.
To find out this, a graph is needed that shows the results of data analysis from CD testing, as shown in Figure 7, The figure shows a graph of charge-discharge specific capacity from each sample with a current rate of 0.2C to 20C.
From this data, It can be seen that the charging and discharging capacity of 0.2C to 20C, which is the highest, is owned by ZnO-NR50/AC.