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The effect of deactivated elements is achieved by multiplying their stiffness matrices by a reduction factor, that causes element loads of deactivated elements to be zero out of the load vector.
The warpage profile shown in Fig.4 is the averaged data of ten samples.

The comparison between the simulation result using the proposed element and the experiment data, together with the simulation result by the model from Klingner and Bertero [10] are plotted in Figure 6 and Figure 7.
The h/t for this panel was around 11.5, and Δcr was about 4.5 mm, resulting in a reduction factor R1 of 0.73.

However, the composite sandwich components have been utilized in different applications where weight reduction is one of the most desirable design parameters.
According to the technical data sheet of the adhesive, the full strength of the utilized adhesive can be achieved after exposure to the temperature of 20 °C during 5 days.

According to these data, acid consumption of this test can be calculated.
The richness of the FA structure and functional groups determines what has a wide variety of physical chemical properties: weak acid, colloid, ion exchange, complexation, crab close and oxidation-reduction quality etc[8].

The experimental imbibition data recorded by the balanceis a function of imbibition time.
Firstly, large oil was broken into small pieces by nanoparticles, thus the relative permeability of the oil phase increases, the reduction of the viscosity resistance to the oil phase.And then oil in the small pores will be flushed due to lipophobic-hydrophilic nanoparticles adsorption and wettability changes,and the effective pore diameters for oil flow in the porous medium may, in turn, be enlarged.

Data Analyzer from Engine - AVL PIEZO CHARGE AMPLIFIER 4.
At 30% blend and 40% blend there is a remarkable reduction in CO.

The results of these data lead to two conclusions.
These results go against the theoretical prediction in Eq. (1) which assumes an area of zero imposed strain at r = 0 but the results can be explained by strain gradient plasticity modelling [19] or by the increase in the value of effective strain at the disc centre attributable to the continuous thickness reduction while torsion is at high pressure [20].

All these data are necessary for assessment of durability of primary lining as well as for defining of necessary capacity of secondary lining [1].
Development of cracks is related to shrinkage of concrete, reduction of content of cement and mixing water can help as well as appropriate layout of reinforcement.

The resistance coefficient change curve was charted according to the data and shown in Fig. 5.
The resistance coefficient of the sand pack tube with PSPEMs aqueous solution rose smoothly, fluctuated when PSPEMs were injected, had only a minor reduction in the subsequent water injection stage, and maintained a high resistance coefficient finally.

Figure 1: Sample survey of private car ownership rate of some block residents to Jinzhou Source: survey data to draw under this subject As the gap between private car ownership rates in different types settlements and the demand of parking and construction conditions of parking facilities, the parking ways and indicators of the standard of the settlements need to have sufficient relevance and flexibility enough, and planning should be reasonable and in accordance with the actual needs and the trend of development in future. 2 Indicators of the standards of residential motor vehicle and parking status Settlements parking facilities are an important part of the city static traffic, their construction standards are related to urban land development, transport development strategy and transport policy, involving the settlement types and the purchasing power of the residence groups.
Compared with underground parking garage, semi-underground parking garage has better natural lighting and ventilation conditions, as well the reduction of the ramp area requires for less building area for per car, avoiding the more expensive cost in constructing underground garage with indoor installations and structures handing, in this way, the cost of semi-underground garage will be 20% less than the cost of underground garage, and the living environment could be more desirable because of using natural height differences and the changes of space.