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The construction process itself, however, with a few exceptions (e.g. possible consumption of waste materials) is typically characterised by the negative impacts.
The construction industry is in a disadvantageous position in comparison with many other branches of industry, because of its characteristic features, including: • varying location of the construction activity • individual character of the final product • non-protected working place • large volumes and different kinds of used and transported materials • long construction durations • large land requirements Some construction operations are often realised at permanent centres, such as: • central concrete mixing stations • production and adjustment of formwork • production of reinforcement units • repairs of machines • auxiliary workshops (production of steel structures, carpenter workshops) • stocks, dumping places, garages.
These measures must form part of the design; • exclusion of storage areas of building materials, stores of chemical agents and fuels as well as site roads from under tree crowns; • exclusion of placing additional soil layers above roots (a soil layer merely 20 cm thick may cause the withering of a tree or shrub); • respecting minimum distance from vegetation when locating buildings/structures and utilities; • when selecting excavation technology, preference should be given to such methods as will not threaten the conserved trees; • if the excavation must pass through the roots of a valuable tree, it is necessary to prescribe manual excavation.
Replanting machines of foreign make (Vermeer, Acorn, Bobcat) are designed to handle the nursery material provided, thanks to several times repeated replanting, with a small and compact root block.
Pospichal, Ecological Requirements for Concrete Construction, Applied Mechanics and Materials, Vol. 796, pp. 111-118, 2015 [2] Perez, M.A., Zech, W.C., Donald, W.N., Fang, X., Methodology for evaluating inlet protection practices using large-scale testing techniques, Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, Volume 20, Issue 4, 1 April 2015, Article number 04014049 [3] Klein, P.M., Coffman, R., Establishment and performance of an experimental green roof under extreme climatic conditions, Science of the Total Environment, Volume 512-513, April 05, 2015, Pages 82-93 [4] Bonoli, A., Conte, A., Maglionico, M., Stojkov, I., Green roofs for sustainable water management in urban areas, Environmental Engineering and Management Journal, Volume 12, Issue S11, 2013, Pages 153-156

Introduction Due to the low thermal conductivity, low modulus of elasticity and their chemical reactivity, titanium and its alloys are considered as the materials very difficult to cut.
Kishawy, Chapter 2 - Cutting Tool Materials and Tool Wear, pp. 31-56, in Machining of Titanium Alloys, Editor J.
Technol. (2017) 88, pp. 739–753 [4] J.C.Heigel,E.Whitenton,B.Lane,M.A.Donmez,V.Madhavan,W.Moscoso-Kingsley, Infrared measurement of the temperature at the tool–chip interface while machining Ti–6Al–4V, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 243 (2017), pp. 123–130 [5] Asif Tanveer, Deepak Marla, Shiv G.
Kapoor, A Thermal Model to Predict Tool Temperature in Machining of Ti–6Al–4V Alloy With an Atomization-Based Cutting Fluid Spray System, Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, july 2017, vol. 139 / 071016-1-9
[6] Ogedengbe Temitayo Samson, Abdulkareem Sulaimon and Aweda Jacob Olayiwola, Effect of Coolant Temperature on Surface Finish during Turning of Titanium Alloy Ti6Al4V, International Journal of Engineering Materials and Manufacture (2018) 3(4), pp. 237-244

Incineration is a waste treatment process that involves the combustion of organic substances contained in waste materials.
The waste from one end of the reactor into and through the plasma zone to reach the other end, and materials that decomposes at high temperatures for the elements [15].
The organic fluorine industry for the production of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropylene materials will generate a certain amount of a highly toxic perfluoroisobutylene raffinate (PFIB), which was classified as Class A controlled compound.
Chaubey, Production of pig iron from red mud waste fines using thermal plasma technology, International Journal of Minerals Metallurgy and Materials, 19(2012) 679-684 [2] J.C.
Urbakh, 'High-Temperature Gasification of Carbon-Containing Raw Materials with the Use of Electric-Arc Energy and Calorific Capacity of the Gas Fuel', Combustion Explosion and Shock Waves, 47 (2011), 179-84

The void test Changes of the properties of materials and contact conditions between aggregate by water penetration is the fundamental conditions in moisture damage.
Research on Fatigue Damage Model of Water Damage to Asphalt Concrete Pavement[J].Journal of WuHan University of Technology(Transportation Science &Engineering) .2009,2.Vol.33 No.1:5~8
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[7] Pan Bao Feng,Shao Long Tan,Wang Zhe Ren.New method for studying water impairment of asphalt pavement[J].Journal of WuHan University of Technology(Transportation Science &Engineering). 2009,4 Vol.33 No.2:250~252
AASHTO Guide for design of pavement structures[S].1993 [9] Hu Shuguang, Huang Shaolong, Zhang Houji, Ding Qingjun, LiaoYaoHui.Study on the design and performance of the open-graded asphalt friction course[J].Journal of WuHan University of Technology(Transportation Science &Engineering) .2004,8.Vol.26 No.8:23~25.

Design and Optimization of Loading Trajectory for S-Skin Stretch Forming Process by Simulation Zhang Yanmin1,3,a Li Xiaoqiang2,b Song Kexing1,3,c 1 School of Materials Science & Engineering, Henan University Science & Technology, Luoyang 471003 China 2 School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100083 China 3 Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Non-ferrous Metals, Luoyang 471039, China a*zhangmin70@163.com, b littlestrongcn@163.com , ckxsong@mail.haust.edu.cn Keywords: S-skin; stretch forming; loading trajectory; numerical simulation; optimization.
Journal of Plasticity Engineering.
Materials Science & Technology.
International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture.
Journal of Materials Processing Technology.

Piezoelectric materials generate electricity when they are subjected to mechanical strain.
One method for harvested power improvement without much space occupation is by increasing the surface areas of the piezoelectric materials.
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Gravel and sand materials can be used e.g. as subsoil when building roads, dams of water structures, etc. [1].
However, the most common materials obtained during the desilting of waterways and reservoirs are clay and silt particles.
The results of the chemical analysis of studied bottom sediments and other starting materials are presented in Table 2.
Junak, Alternative reuse of bottom sediments in construction materials: Overview, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, Volume 549, Issue 1 (2019) 1-6
Rincón, Valorisation of contaminated marine sediments to produce ceramic construction materials, Spanish National Conference on Advances in Materials Recycling and Eco – Energy, (2009) 45-48

In addition to penetrating homogeneous materials (e.g. metal target), shaped charge can also be used to penetrate heterogeneous materials such as rock mass [10,11].
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Introduction Metal-diamond composites, in which diamonds are embedded into metal bond matrices, are commonly used as tooling materials for the machining of brittle materials.
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