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The formation and the reduction of CuO or Cu2O were irreversible.
The data in Table 1 as well reveals that either in the lowest concentration or in the highest concentration, there is a passivity region.
The reverse scan shows a cathodic peak was recorded at −0.137 V, which is due to the reduction of copper ions.
And another cathodic peak at −0.726 V corresponds to the electro-reduction of the dissolved oxygen
Moreover, the formation and the reduction of CuO or Cu2O were irreversible.

The estimation is conducted by fitting the data to two-parameter Weibull distribution.
For each training sample, the input vector consists of performance values at i� sequential data collecting times and the output is the performance value at the next data collecting time.
Online condition monitoring data Data preprocessing Feature extraction Performance evaluation by p.e.n.
Data from the 9th specimen is used for simulation.
As the facility is online monitored, the condition monitoring data is preprocessed.

Retrieval Algorithm of Images and Its Applications in Recognition of Metallographic Pictures Ling Ling1, a and Ling Wei Xin2,b 1College of Mechatronic Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China 2School of Mathematical Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China agzlingling7@yahoo.com.cn, blingweixin@21cn.com Keywords: Metallographic picture, Image retrieval, Image database, Data model.
The experimental results show that the data model of image color features in precise and high effective terms can be established and described by this algorithm, and the satisfactory results are obtained by applying the algorithm to the recognition of metallographic pictures for metallic materials.
As the increase and reduction of image database, the reference color table will become more and more inaccurate, thus making retrieval precision drop.
In order to make the widest possible reduction of some experiences face object in image retrieval algorithm and to make the image retrieval have more versatility as far as possible, a suitable standard color table should be chosen to establish the database based on image retrieval.

Main Drive Vehicle of Two-stage Driving Axle Design Hao Hu, Yingmin Yan Dept of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering College, Shijiazhuang, 050003, China E-mail: 416568596@qq.com Keywords: double reduction final drive; drive axle; differential; three-dimensional modeling Abstract.
The overall design and programme design on the drive axle assembly is finished; the basic structure of the double reduction final drive and the middle tandem axle is ensured which refers to the structure of the reference model CA1092; The basic components on the drive axle assembly are designed.
The bottom-up assembly design from the parts begin to design, design for assembly in part based on the design data, so it can make full use of previously existing, make the design work started from a higher level, thus effectively avoid repeated design, shorten the design cycle.
Rendering results as below: Assembly process This design topic is the three-dimensional design vehicle drive axle double reduction final drive, the main part of the main two-stage reducer, differential, axle and axle housing.

High impact application opportunities, where SiC devices are displacing their incumbent Si counterparts, have emerged and include automotive and rail power electronics with reduced losses and reduced cooling requirements; novel data center topologies with reduced cooling loads and higher efficiencies; variable frequency drives for efficient high power electric motors at reduced overall system cost; more efficient, flexible, and reliable grid applications with reduced system footprint; and “more electric aerospace” with weight, volume, and cooling system reductions contributing to energy savings.
These calculations do not include additional processing cost reductions that will come with streamlined mass production in large 200 mm volume fabs/foundries.
SiC device fabrication in volume fabs alongside Si has emerged as a “cost reduction” model exploiting “silicon” manufacturing economies of scale.
Lower fabrication costs in a fully depreciated Si+SiC “capacity loaded” fab, coupled with decreased material costs can lead to significant price reductions for SiC devices.
Valuable SiC reliability data has been accumulated over years of field operation and is driving device optimization.

For this purpose annealed duplex steel plates were cold and warm-rolled up to 90% reduction in thickness at room temperature and at 625°C, respectively.
The acquired EBSD data was analyzed using the TSL-OIMTM software.
The austenite fraction after 40% reduction in thickness is 45% which decreases to 38% and 25% upon further cold rolling to 70% and 90% reduction in thickness, respectively (Table 2).
Up on further cold rolling to 70% reduction in thickness (Fig.2(e)) the texture is strengthened (maximum ODF intensity 14.3).
Following 90% thickness reduction (Fig.2(f)) the texture is significantly strengthened (maximum ODF intensity of 24.40).

The FCG curves in Fig. 2(a) represent long crack growth, ΔKapp data, while Fig. 2(b) represents DKeff data after closure corrections using the ACR closure-correction technique [4].
Closure-corrected FCG data are a good representation of the physically small crack growth behaviour of the material [5], and their use in design is more appropriate compared to the long crack growth data.
Porosity Reduction in Powder Metallurgy (PM) Materials A PM 6061 block was created using the cold-spray technology.
Fig. 5 represents a panorama from the weld section, showing the significant reduction of porosity within the weld nugget.
Panorama of a cold-spray 6061 weld showing significant porosity reduction in the nugget.

The fixed interface mode synthesis dimension reduction method was adopted to to save the computing time.The Newmark-β method was employed to solve the reduced model numerically.
Literature [1,2] has studied the dimension reduction method of the multi-degree of freedom local nonlinear rotor-bearing system and also illustrated its feasibility.
This paper will make the dimension reduction analysis on the existing experiment model to verify the effectiveness of the dimension reduction process.
50 100 x/µm y/µm -80 -40 0 40 80 120 -100 -50 0 50 x/µm y/µm -0.8 -0.4 0 0.4 0.8 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 x/mm y/mm -0.4 0 0.4 0.8 -0.8 -0.4 0 0.4 x/mm y/mm (a) Axis trajectories (b) Poincare section plane (c) Axis trajectories (d) Poincare section plane Fig.5 Steady-state response diagram at the speed of 7353r/min -80 -40 0 40 80100 -100 -80 -40 0 40 80 x/� m y/� m 10 30 50 70 -85 -65 40 x/µm y/� m -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 -0.7 -0.5 -0.3 -0.1 0.1 x/mm y/mm -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.1 x/mm y/mm (a) Axis trajectories (b) Poincare section plane (c) Axis trajectories (d) Poincare section plane Fig.6 Steady-state response diagram at the speed of 10504r/min Experimental results and comparison analysis Four eddy current displacement sensors are applied in this experiment to measure vibration in the direction of vertical and horizontal, and DASP2005 is the data
The result shows that solving the high dimensional system with dimensional reduction method can assure the precision, and it can also save the computing time for more complex system.

One of the major advantages of using wavelet analysis, as previously discussed, is the capability of the analysis to retain the time domain data while also providing effective reductions in noise.
It should be noted that the lines plotted are generated through discrete data points and not a continuous set of data points as it is more difficult to identify differences in the trends between the baseline and damage response signals with single data points.
Even though Fig. 11 provides useful comparative data it is not the focus of this study.
With more data, the trend of the Damage Index with impact energies can be further analysed
[7] Hexcel, "HexPly M18/1 180 degree C Curing Epoxy Matrix - Product Data," in Prepreg Data Sheets, Hexcel, Ed., ed.

The reduction and oxidation processes were repeated three times.
The experimental procedure diagram of TGA Results and discussion Reactivity data were obtained through analyzing the weight variations during the reduction and oxidation reactions.
The weight changes during 5 cycles of reduction and oxidation reactions.
The reduction and oxidation all have stages of high reaction rates.
For reduction, the temperatures are from 850 to 950℃.