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With the development of image capture technique and computer hardware and software, the digital image technique has been widely used in many fields [2,3] including civil engineering.
Its application in road engineering is mainly focused on the volume characteristics [4] and aggregate distribution characteristics [5] of the asphalt mixture.
The matrix form of the function model is (7) Where Then the parameter a is (8) 3.2 Curve surface fitting by Table curve 3D TableCurve3D is widely used in engineering as professional software of curve surface fitting, which combines solid figure with three-dimensional data function and comprises of many series of linear and nonlinear models.
Muhunthan B, Shashidhar N, Harman T.: Internal structure characterization of asphalt concrete using image analysis.Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering（Special Issue on Image Processing）ASCE. 1999,13 (2):88-95 [5] Rafael C G, Richard E W.: Digital image processing(2nd Edition).
Journal of Computer Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering,2000,5(4):273-280

Application of Pressure Grouting for Crack Strengthening in Sanqing Hall Ye Jianhua Department of Civil Engineering, Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology No 90, Wangcheng Avenue, Luoyang 471023, PR China yejianhua1973@163.com Keywords: Huixian Taoist Temple, Sanqing Hall, Pressure Grouting, Crack strengthening Abstract.
References [1] The Civil Engineering & Architectural Society of Beijing.
[4] Wang Jianglong.“ Analysis Situation of Historical Masonry Structure ”, Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting, 2011(04):116-119 [5] Xu Lin, Li Ning, Guo Xiaodong.
“Study on Seismic Behavior and Retrofitting of Gravel Masonry Wall in Historical Structures”, Journal of Civil Engineering and Management , 2011(03):8-11 [7] Huang Wenzheng, Zheng Lipeng.
“An Engineering Example in Foundation Reinforcement for Cultural Relic Building”, Value Engineering, 2011(04):72-73

The Research of Aeroplane engine blade 3D Point Clouds Processing Hao Wang1,a, Dongyan Wang2,b, Tingjian Dong1,a, Tao Wang 3,c 1Engineering Technology Training Center, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, China 2Liaoning Beifang Environmental Protection Group, Liaoning, China 3Aviation Automation School, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, China a hbgdwh@126.com, b 1285188196@qq.com, c wangtaotdme@163.com Keywords: Aeroplane engine blade; Noise reduce and smooth; Feature detect; Surface fitting Abstract.
Nowadays, most of our civil aero-engine blades depended on imports; however it was hard to get the first-hand information about the blades for the secondary machining and repairing.
Reverse engineering technology had provided solutions to above problems. 
Mohaghegh K, Sadeghi MHsuch establish a digital model of turbine blades by reverse engineering based on design intent[2]; Oguzhan Yilmaz, Nabil Gindy and other scholars  applied the reverse engineering technology to the turbine blades overhaul[3], made big steps in engineering practice. 
Reverse engineering of turbine blades based on design intent[J].

Influence of Mortar Incorporating Silica Based Waste Material on the Formation of C-S-H and Mechanical Strength Properties Nafisa Tamanna1, a, Norsuzailina Mohamed Sutan1, b, Ibrahim Yakub2, c, Delsye Teo Ching Lee1, d, Ezzaq Farhan Ahmad1, e 1 Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia 2 Department of Chemical Engineering & Energy Sustainability, Faculty of Engineering, University Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia a nafisatamanna@yahoo.com, b msnorsuzailina@feng.unimas.my, c yibrahim@feng.unimas.my, d tdelsye@feng.unimas.my, e fezzaq@yahoo.com Keywords: Cement replacement, Compressive Strength, Calcium Silicate Hydrate (C-S-H), Glass powder, Pozzolan Abstract.
Waste Glass used in this study was soda-lime clear glass that grinded in the grinding machine (Los Angeles Abrasion Machine) in civil engineering laboratory and separated by sieving in three particle size ranges, as follows: 150-75 µm, 75-38 µm and <38 µm.
Sand used as a fine aggregate was river sand obtained from Civil Engineering Laboratory, UNIMAS which is free from organic or chemical substance and water to cement ratio was maintained 0.45 and 0.40 throughout the research.

Experimental and Numerical Study on the Effect of Construction Defects on the Stability of Tunnel Liu Yu1,a, WANG Shuhong2,b, Guan Yongping3,c and Shuang Ling4,d 1School of Resource and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang Aluminum Magnesium and Engineering and Research Institute,Shenyang, China 110819 2School of Resource and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China 110819 3School of Resource and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China 110819 4 Department of Infrastructure Management, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China 110819 aEmail:liuyuheis@126.com, bEmail:wangshuhong@mail.neu.edu.cn, cEmail:guanyongping@126.com, dEmail:515150860@qq.com Keywords: Construction defects; Tunnel; Stability analysis Abstract: The influence of the tunnel construction defects on the tunnel stability is one of the important research problems.
The conclusions provide some useful theoretical basis for similar engineering.
Fig. 1 Measuring point position Model test and analysis Considering the existing experimental conditions and actual engineering, to determine the size of the model test, similarity ratio and mechanical parameters.

Research on Accelerated Corrosion of Steel Bar in Reiforced Concrete Components Mei Yang1,a Lingye Leng2,band Pengfei Zhang2,c 1College of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Hebei United University, Earthquake Engineering Research Center of Hebei Province ,Thanshan, 063009, China 2College of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Hebei United University, Earthquake Engineering Research Center of Hebei Province ,Thanshan,063009, China aywdym2002@126.coml,blenglingye@163.com, czhangpengfei812@126.com Keywords: Electrochemical corrosion; current density; corrosion rate; corroded reinforced concrete Abstract.
Journal of Material in Civil Engineering, 2003, 15(1): 41-47
Cement engineering, 2009,2: 79-82

It is very extensive as an important building material in the construction engineering application.
In the industrial and civil building, it is served as building materials of projects of the pavement, plaster, and waterproof, and in water conservancy, roads and other specific professional, it is a kind of compression structure carried loads.
Now many achievements of studies on adding aggregate in the cement mortar are obtained, but the results can not meet the increasingly engineering and resources problems.
Projects of uniaxial compression test of cement mortar specimens Methods of uniaxial compression test of cement mortar specimens SAW-2000 microcomputer control electro-hydraulic servo rock triaxial test machine developed by Changchun branch new experimental instrument Co., LTD is used to make uniaxial compression test of cement mortar specimens in College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering of Shandong Agricultural University.
(3)The iron wire cement mortar can be promoted to be used in structure and reinforcing engineering, such as buildings, bridges, water conservancy, etc.

Sensitivity Analysis of Hydroelectric Power Generation from Cascading Reservoirs Tilahun Derib Asfaw1, a, Khamaruzaman Wan Yusof2,b and Ahmad Mustafa Hashim3,c 1Civil Engineering Dept, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Tronoh, Malaysia 2Associate Professor of Civil Engineering Dept, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Tronoh, Malaysia a t_derib@yahoo.com, bkhamaruzaman.yusof@petronas.com.my, cmustafa_hashim@petronas.com.my Keywords: hydroelectric power, cascading reservoir, sensitivity analysis, refill and deplete order Abstract.
In the field of water resources engineering, the operation and management of reservoir are complex activities.
However, the most complex problem in water management and hydropower engineering is the operation of cascading reservoirs [5].
Savic, "Intelligent Decision Support and Reservoir Management and Operations," Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, vol. 3, pp. 367-385, 1989
Lund, "Spatial Complexity and Reservoir Optimization Results," Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems, vol. 21, pp. 1-17, 2004

Failure analysis of reinforced concrete columns after high temperature BAI Li-li1，a, SONG Tao2 1College of Aerospace and Civil Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin，150001，PR china 2 DACHENG corporation of HEILONGJING,Harbin,150001,PC china aLily0907@hrbeu.edu.cn Keywords: Failure analysis; high temperature ; reliability; mechanics models Abstract: Mechanics models of RC(reinforced concrete) columns is established, after the limit state equation was formed, the failure modes of RC eccentric compression columns after high temperature is analyzed under considering various failure paths.
R Thermal and mechanical properties of steel-fibre-reinforced concrete at elevated temperatures Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 1996，23, (4)：511-517 [2] Venkatesh Kodur, F.ASCEHigh-Temperature Properties of Steel for Fire Resistance Modeling of Structures.Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 2010, 22(5)：423-434 [3] Yih-Houng Chena, Yun-Fei Changb,  Experimental research on post-fire behaviour of reinforced concrete columns Fire Safety Journal，July 2009, 44(5)：741-748 [4]Frangopol DM,Ide Y,Iwaki I.Effects of load path and load correlation on the reliability of concrete columns In: probabilistic mechanics and structural reliability.Proceedings of the seventh specialty conference,Worcester,Massachusetts,USA 1966：206-219 [5] Frangopl DM,Ide Y,Spacone E,ivaki I .
Analysis on residual bearing capacity and reliability index of RC beam after high temperature[J].Journal of Harbin engineering university, 2007,28(10)：1084—1088 [9]Bai Li-li .Reliability analysis on reinforced concrete structure after fire[D].Harbin engineer university.2008 [10]A.E.Ahmed, A.

LI2, c 1 School of Civil and Architecture Engineering, Beijing JiaoTong University, Beijing, China 2 Key Laboratory of Engineering Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China a Zhangzhigang@sina.com, bQiao-cs@163.com, cLix620@263.net Keywords: Jointed rock mass; Strength; Laboratory experiments; Numerical simulations.
Introduction As more and more civil engineering structures are being planned and constructed on or in rock mass, rational evaluation of the strength characteristics of jointed rock mass becomes necessary.
The properties of rock mass are different from those of other engineering materials, because rock mass is a composite geological material consisting of rock blocks and joints.
Reliable estimation of the strength of rock mass is important to achieving safe and economical design of mining and civil engineering projects.
On the other hand, indirect methods include numerical experimentations and empirical evaluations based on geo-engineering classification of rock mass such as the Hoek-Brown failure criterion [2].