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Online since: March 2016
Authors: Teresa Główka, Jarosław Figwer
Its robustness to nonlinear distortions implied by data acquisition system and adaptation procedure is proved.
They are ineffective in reduction of random noises.
Data acquisition starts after all transients implied by inputting vi into active noise control system have decayed.
The presented method uses low-power non-Gaussian excitations of the form of a higher-order discrete-time multisine random process and data processing based on higher-order spectra.
Zhou, On closed-loop system identification using polyspectral analysis given noisy input-output time-domain data, Automatica 36 (2000) pp. 1795-1808
They are ineffective in reduction of random noises.
Data acquisition starts after all transients implied by inputting vi into active noise control system have decayed.
The presented method uses low-power non-Gaussian excitations of the form of a higher-order discrete-time multisine random process and data processing based on higher-order spectra.
Zhou, On closed-loop system identification using polyspectral analysis given noisy input-output time-domain data, Automatica 36 (2000) pp. 1795-1808
Online since: May 2015
Authors: N. Norazlin, A.P. Puvanasvaran, C. Suk Fan
This study adopted a self-administered questionnaire method to obtain real time data for the analysis of behavioral practices.
Reliability is a statistical measure of the reproducibility or stability of data gathered by the survey instrument.
The Ford questionnaire was first distributed to all employees from different management level in the department and the data obtained were analyzed.
The objective of the structured interview was to ensure and support the empirical data accumulated from the survey.
These findings were drawn from the data analyzed in year 2012, as shown in Fig. 1.
Reliability is a statistical measure of the reproducibility or stability of data gathered by the survey instrument.
The Ford questionnaire was first distributed to all employees from different management level in the department and the data obtained were analyzed.
The objective of the structured interview was to ensure and support the empirical data accumulated from the survey.
These findings were drawn from the data analyzed in year 2012, as shown in Fig. 1.
Online since: September 2011
Authors: Chuan Chang Gao, Bao Wen Wang, Hai Bo Zhao, Chu Guang Zheng
Finally, multiple times of cyclic reduction and oxidization performance were further experimented on the AutoChem 2920 system.
Thermal decomposition of CoFe2O4 dried gel In order to understand the potential transformation of the dried CoFe2O4 gel in the muffle furnace, TG-DSC data obtained on heating in air are presented in Fig.2.
Multiple cycles of reduction and oxidization characteristics of the synthesized CoFe2O4 Good redox performance and sintering-resistance are of the great concerns to preserve the reactivity of prepared CoFe2O4 over multiple cycles of reduction and oxidization process, especially used for catalyst or CO2 fixation.
Furthermore, taken the first reduction cycle as an example, the CoFe2O4 reduction by H2 was composed of two reaction stages, one centering at ~480oC with the intensity of TCD signal stabilized as –0.035, and the other shoulder at ~550oCwith TCD signal as –0.015, among which, the former was ascribed to the reduction of Co2+ by H2, and the latter arose from the reduction of Fe3+ involved in the formed CoFe2O4.
Reduction of carbon dioxide into carbon by freshly reduced CoFe2O4 nanoparticles.
Thermal decomposition of CoFe2O4 dried gel In order to understand the potential transformation of the dried CoFe2O4 gel in the muffle furnace, TG-DSC data obtained on heating in air are presented in Fig.2.
Multiple cycles of reduction and oxidization characteristics of the synthesized CoFe2O4 Good redox performance and sintering-resistance are of the great concerns to preserve the reactivity of prepared CoFe2O4 over multiple cycles of reduction and oxidization process, especially used for catalyst or CO2 fixation.
Furthermore, taken the first reduction cycle as an example, the CoFe2O4 reduction by H2 was composed of two reaction stages, one centering at ~480oC with the intensity of TCD signal stabilized as –0.035, and the other shoulder at ~550oCwith TCD signal as –0.015, among which, the former was ascribed to the reduction of Co2+ by H2, and the latter arose from the reduction of Fe3+ involved in the formed CoFe2O4.
Reduction of carbon dioxide into carbon by freshly reduced CoFe2O4 nanoparticles.
Online since: October 2012
Authors: Zheng Liu, Xin Zhou Hu
Low-carbon tourism is a mode (or model) that tries to protect resources and environment through the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions.
When we do quantitative analysis, it should be easy to collect data.
Thus, it is more appropriate to adopt the inherent data information in the process of analysis.
Both the subjective effect such as the satisfaction of the travelers and the objective effect such as data of the component of the travelers are included.
The indicators used by the evaluation system are fraught with details, and the data used in the evaluating process are convenient to collect.
When we do quantitative analysis, it should be easy to collect data.
Thus, it is more appropriate to adopt the inherent data information in the process of analysis.
Both the subjective effect such as the satisfaction of the travelers and the objective effect such as data of the component of the travelers are included.
The indicators used by the evaluation system are fraught with details, and the data used in the evaluating process are convenient to collect.
Online since: July 2012
Authors: Li Zeng, Jin Ping Pan, Jin Yao Zhang, Wei Guo Wang, Hong Hui Cheng
The operator could aquire the test data by the electronic load and work station operation software in the industrial computer.
Two 3-way switching valves were used to screen the water-bubbler when anode reduction of the NiO to Ni was carried out.
The operator could aquire the test data by the electronic load and work station operation software in the industrial computer (Fig.3).
Fig. 2 Process flow diagram of the SOFC single cell test device Fig. 3 Framework of system data acquision Fig. 4 Key test structure in sample room The size of SOFC single cell for testing was 5×5.8cm2 with an active area of 4×4cm2.
The reduction of NiO anode was performed under mixed flow stream of 0.1SLM H2 and 0.4SLM N2 for more than 5 h.
Two 3-way switching valves were used to screen the water-bubbler when anode reduction of the NiO to Ni was carried out.
The operator could aquire the test data by the electronic load and work station operation software in the industrial computer (Fig.3).
Fig. 2 Process flow diagram of the SOFC single cell test device Fig. 3 Framework of system data acquision Fig. 4 Key test structure in sample room The size of SOFC single cell for testing was 5×5.8cm2 with an active area of 4×4cm2.
The reduction of NiO anode was performed under mixed flow stream of 0.1SLM H2 and 0.4SLM N2 for more than 5 h.
Online since: October 2013
Authors: Asifujiang Abudureyimu, Qian Han, Ping Ji Qiu
The operation characteristics of 40kW wind power turbine is provided based on the practical operation data collected within three years and the simulated results obtained from the software calculation.
The general efficiency of this triple hybrid power system in economic and environment aspects is also studied by using and comparing the simulation methodology and the data in practical operation.
extracted power by rotor and caught power by blades area, CM is torque coefficient on the rotor, Cp therefore can be expressed by (2): (2) In practical application, the Cp and area A can be determined by the mechanical characteristics of wind power turbine, they are therefore can be expressed by a constant k, and then the obtained power on rotor and the most appropriate wind speed can be expressed, Supposing power containing in each square meter is calculated based on measured wind speed, is wished fraction of wind power turbine with unit of kW/m2, AWT is wished area swept by wind blades, and then the capacity of wind power turbine can be expressed as: (3) Wind speed in target site is studied based on the measured wind speed data
Hence, the annual reduction in expenditure used for electricity can be derived by converting the generated energy from hybrid system into cost with the ratio of 0.18 USD (U.S Dollar) per kilowatt, and then the reduction of expenditure used for the electricity in different month of the year is shown in Table 3: Table 3: Reduction of expenditure used for electricity in different month of the year We have much more interest in environment efficiency than financial efficiency.
Regarding to the total generation from triple hybrid system, we can easily obtain the monthly reduction of CO2.
The general efficiency of this triple hybrid power system in economic and environment aspects is also studied by using and comparing the simulation methodology and the data in practical operation.
extracted power by rotor and caught power by blades area, CM is torque coefficient on the rotor, Cp therefore can be expressed by (2): (2) In practical application, the Cp and area A can be determined by the mechanical characteristics of wind power turbine, they are therefore can be expressed by a constant k, and then the obtained power on rotor and the most appropriate wind speed can be expressed, Supposing power containing in each square meter is calculated based on measured wind speed, is wished fraction of wind power turbine with unit of kW/m2, AWT is wished area swept by wind blades, and then the capacity of wind power turbine can be expressed as: (3) Wind speed in target site is studied based on the measured wind speed data
Hence, the annual reduction in expenditure used for electricity can be derived by converting the generated energy from hybrid system into cost with the ratio of 0.18 USD (U.S Dollar) per kilowatt, and then the reduction of expenditure used for the electricity in different month of the year is shown in Table 3: Table 3: Reduction of expenditure used for electricity in different month of the year We have much more interest in environment efficiency than financial efficiency.
Regarding to the total generation from triple hybrid system, we can easily obtain the monthly reduction of CO2.
Online since: January 2009
Authors: Zdzisław Gosiewski, Andrzej Piotr Koszewnik
To reduce the order of the
polynomials of the transfer function the balance reduction method [2] was used.
The measurement of the input/output data for the given lab model. 2.
The determination of the FRF from the input/output data. 3.
The determination of the transfer function model and its reduction.
To do this we have connected the whole system ( piezo-actuator, steel beam, piezo-sensor and charge amplifier) to the excitation and data acquisition devices.
The measurement of the input/output data for the given lab model. 2.
The determination of the FRF from the input/output data. 3.
The determination of the transfer function model and its reduction.
To do this we have connected the whole system ( piezo-actuator, steel beam, piezo-sensor and charge amplifier) to the excitation and data acquisition devices.
Online since: June 2015
Authors: Fabrizio Roccaforte, Giuseppe Greco, Ferdinando Iucolano
On the other hand, annealing at 850°C led to a further reduction of RC , with a slightly increasing dependence of RC on the measurement temperature (here regarded as a “metal-like” behavior).
The experimental data could be well fitted with a thermionic field emission (TFE) model, i.e. with a dependence like [12] with and , FB and ND are the barrier height and the carrier concentration, and C1 is a function of ND, T and FB.
By the fit of the experimental data it was possible to extract a Schottky barrier height ΦB = 0.85 eV and a carrier concentration ND = 1.75´1019 cm-3.
In this case, the data were fitted by the function RC µ Tα, with α = 1.8.
As already demonstrated by combining X-ray diffraction data with EDX analyses on various parts of the layer, the Au-rich regions of such samples can attributed to the presence of the AlAu4 phase [16].
The experimental data could be well fitted with a thermionic field emission (TFE) model, i.e. with a dependence like [12] with and , FB and ND are the barrier height and the carrier concentration, and C1 is a function of ND, T and FB.
By the fit of the experimental data it was possible to extract a Schottky barrier height ΦB = 0.85 eV and a carrier concentration ND = 1.75´1019 cm-3.
In this case, the data were fitted by the function RC µ Tα, with α = 1.8.
As already demonstrated by combining X-ray diffraction data with EDX analyses on various parts of the layer, the Au-rich regions of such samples can attributed to the presence of the AlAu4 phase [16].
Online since: April 2009
Authors: Martin Hornung, Michael Hajj
Data from a literature review showed that, for
vehicles with internal combustion engine, a 10% curb weight reduction is equal to 4.5 to 6 %
increase in fuel efficiency.
A further benefit of less fuel consumption is emission reduction of global warming pollutants.
The three main concepts for vehicle weight reduction are with the use of: 1.
Experimental Data - How They Work Together The three main design tools currently utilized, for vehicle body weight reduction, are the application of AHSS, engineering plastics and light weight metals.
Determination of weight elasticity of fuel economy for conventional ICE vehicles, hybrid vehicles and fuel cell vehicles, Forschungsgesellschaft Kraftfahrwesen mbH Aachen, Body department, June 2007 [2] From www.spritmonitor.de, average value of 623 data for Volkswagen Passat type vehicles with 66 to 220 KW [3] Wallentowitz, H., Wohlecker, R., and Henn, R.
A further benefit of less fuel consumption is emission reduction of global warming pollutants.
The three main concepts for vehicle weight reduction are with the use of: 1.
Experimental Data - How They Work Together The three main design tools currently utilized, for vehicle body weight reduction, are the application of AHSS, engineering plastics and light weight metals.
Determination of weight elasticity of fuel economy for conventional ICE vehicles, hybrid vehicles and fuel cell vehicles, Forschungsgesellschaft Kraftfahrwesen mbH Aachen, Body department, June 2007 [2] From www.spritmonitor.de, average value of 623 data for Volkswagen Passat type vehicles with 66 to 220 KW [3] Wallentowitz, H., Wohlecker, R., and Henn, R.
Online since: September 2011
Authors: Fei Yao, Shou Ping Shang, Ke Liu
Based on data of shake table tests, regression analysis by least squares method is adopted to analyze the natural frequency and the damping ratio of a new isolation layer.
Shaking table test is the best method of simulated earthquake and reflects seismic reduction effect of the device directly.
Experimental data and calculation methods are needed to obtain the parameters.
In engineering practice and scientific experiments, experimental data need to be fitted into the empirical formula to reflect the relationship between variables.
Based on the experimental data, regression analysis by least squares method is adopted to analyze the natural frequency and the damping ratio of a new isolation layer.
Shaking table test is the best method of simulated earthquake and reflects seismic reduction effect of the device directly.
Experimental data and calculation methods are needed to obtain the parameters.
In engineering practice and scientific experiments, experimental data need to be fitted into the empirical formula to reflect the relationship between variables.
Based on the experimental data, regression analysis by least squares method is adopted to analyze the natural frequency and the damping ratio of a new isolation layer.