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Online since: December 2013
Authors: Jiří Zach, Jitka Hroudová, Martin Sedlmajer
Natural insulation materials have great potential of development given the contemporary requirements of the society in terms of reducing the energy demands of the production of building materials and the reduction of CO2 emissions.
The results of the experiments provided input data for computational simulations of hygrothermal behavior of hemp based fiber insulation applied in building envelopes.
During the hygrothermal performance computation of the construction detail, both the effect of wind as well as rain precipitation (reduction factor 0.7) were taken into account.
The results of the experiments provided input data for computational simulations of hygrothermal behavior of hemp based fiber insulation applied in building envelopes.
During the hygrothermal performance computation of the construction detail, both the effect of wind as well as rain precipitation (reduction factor 0.7) were taken into account.
Online since: December 2018
Authors: Naima Charhouni, Mohammed Sallaou, Khalifa Mansouri
Indeed, the wake modeling problem is addressed in this analysis by comparing three models with available measured data gotten from literature.
It is worth to mention that due to the difficulty to obtained data , large part of the reported studies compare the objective function computed with the results found in reference [10] using always the same characteristics of wind turbine and land area.
These two challenges have been received an important attention by scientific researchers especially the reduction of wind speed.
Three wake models are compared with available observation data from literature.
This wind speed reduction has a significant impact on power produced by each individual wind turbine and wind farm efficiency.
It is worth to mention that due to the difficulty to obtained data , large part of the reported studies compare the objective function computed with the results found in reference [10] using always the same characteristics of wind turbine and land area.
These two challenges have been received an important attention by scientific researchers especially the reduction of wind speed.
Three wake models are compared with available observation data from literature.
This wind speed reduction has a significant impact on power produced by each individual wind turbine and wind farm efficiency.
Online since: February 2012
Authors: Nageswara Rao Neti
The present data suggest that it may be possible to apply this technique initially for the color treatment of textile wastewater from small dyeing operations.
The present data suggest that it may be possible to apply this technique initially for the color treatment of textile wastewater from small dyeing operations.
BETSA analysis of the catalysts was carried out and the data is given in Table 2.
Table 8 presents the corresponding color, COD and TOC data.
Experiments were conducted on several days and only a few representative data is provided in Table 9.
The present data suggest that it may be possible to apply this technique initially for the color treatment of textile wastewater from small dyeing operations.
BETSA analysis of the catalysts was carried out and the data is given in Table 2.
Table 8 presents the corresponding color, COD and TOC data.
Experiments were conducted on several days and only a few representative data is provided in Table 9.
Online since: January 2024
Authors: Archana P. Ambadi, Benny Raphael
The data was collected for 15 minutes for each light shelf.
The heat transfer process was simulated every 0.5 sec by formulating a custom-developed program, and the data collected was compared with experimental data.
Experimental data vs. simulation data surface finish, each light shelf will have a specular and diffuse reflection component.
They were compared with the experimental data for all samples.
Comparison of experimental data and simulation data Aluminium LS Experimental data Simulation data Mean 580.810 601.098 Standard deviation 55.895 66.982 Covariance 3731.450 Pearson correlation coefficient 0.997 Mean Square Error (MSE) 1110.538 References [1] Boyce, Peter, Claudia Hunter, and Owen Howlett.
The heat transfer process was simulated every 0.5 sec by formulating a custom-developed program, and the data collected was compared with experimental data.
Experimental data vs. simulation data surface finish, each light shelf will have a specular and diffuse reflection component.
They were compared with the experimental data for all samples.
Comparison of experimental data and simulation data Aluminium LS Experimental data Simulation data Mean 580.810 601.098 Standard deviation 55.895 66.982 Covariance 3731.450 Pearson correlation coefficient 0.997 Mean Square Error (MSE) 1110.538 References [1] Boyce, Peter, Claudia Hunter, and Owen Howlett.
Online since: January 2006
Authors: Setsuo Takaki, Kenji Kawasaki, Toshihiro Tsuchiyama, Y. Futamura
For instance, under the same deformation condition (5% reduction in thickness),
dislocation density is the order of 10
14
m
-2 in a coarse grained material (mean grain size; 20µm), while
it reaches 7×10
15
m
-2
in an ultrafine grained material (0.25µm).
A real work hardening behavior can not be detected during necking deformation due to the reduction of sectional area of test pieces.
Fig. 3 shows changes in 0.2% proof stress for the materials with different grain size (20µm, 0.35µm and 0.25µm) as a function of prior cold-rolling reduction.
This Bailey-Hirsch equation is constructed by the data up to the dislocation density of about 10 15 m -2 for iron with large grain size, but if we can accept the linearity to 10 16 m -2 , a large yield stress of 1.1GPa is expected for the iron with this dislocation density.
The data in Fig. 3 clearly shows the change of strengthening mechanism, that is, yield stress is almost constant up to 5% deformation and increasing gradually above 5% deformation.
A real work hardening behavior can not be detected during necking deformation due to the reduction of sectional area of test pieces.
Fig. 3 shows changes in 0.2% proof stress for the materials with different grain size (20µm, 0.35µm and 0.25µm) as a function of prior cold-rolling reduction.
This Bailey-Hirsch equation is constructed by the data up to the dislocation density of about 10 15 m -2 for iron with large grain size, but if we can accept the linearity to 10 16 m -2 , a large yield stress of 1.1GPa is expected for the iron with this dislocation density.
The data in Fig. 3 clearly shows the change of strengthening mechanism, that is, yield stress is almost constant up to 5% deformation and increasing gradually above 5% deformation.
Online since: May 2014
Authors: Zi Zhi Lin, Si Hui Shu
Introduction
Data communication between different CAD system become quite frequent [1-5], data conversion is an important issue which includes two problems: degree reduction and merging.
Merging many curves to get one curve is one of main data reduction.
Then the error of merger is very great, it is difficult to use in data communication.
Merging is main method for data reduction, if more than knot are inserted, the data will increase.
[8] Q Q Hu, G J Wang, Optimal multi-degree reduction of triangular Bezier surfaces with corners continuity in norm , Compute Appl Math.
Merging many curves to get one curve is one of main data reduction.
Then the error of merger is very great, it is difficult to use in data communication.
Merging is main method for data reduction, if more than knot are inserted, the data will increase.
[8] Q Q Hu, G J Wang, Optimal multi-degree reduction of triangular Bezier surfaces with corners continuity in norm , Compute Appl Math.
Online since: February 2013
Authors: Chi Zhang, Nan Xu
Considering the engineering design margin, noise reduction is amplified relevantly, the actual noise reduction of air outlet is determined as 85 dB(A).
Flow area of the third stage silencer: S3=9×11×2.6×0.145=37.3 m2, air volume measured on site is 169.11 m3/s, so flow velocity of the third stage muffler: Placing whose value is 4.5 into Eq. 9: By the data calculated upon, the regenerative noise is within the target range in the end of noise control, the design is reasonable.
The Calculation of the Total Amount of Noise Reduction.
The values of noise reduction of the muffler and the target values of noise reduction are shown in the Table 5.
Table 5 The Values of Noise Reduction of The Muffler And The Target Values of Noise Reduction Center frequency [Hz] 125 250 500 lK 2K 4K Amount of noise reduction [dB] First stage 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 Second stage 17.5 19.3 17.5 15.1 9.6 6.8 Third stage 11.5 24.3 22.1 18.8 17.7 13.9 Total amount of noise reduction [dB] 33.4 48 44 38.3 31.7 25.1 Minimum value of noise reduction[dB] 25.6 26.5 27.5 20.9 13.5 10.4 According to Table 5, the amount of noise reduction of each center frequency is more than the minimum value of noise reduction, so muffler design can satisfy the requirement of noise reduction.
Flow area of the third stage silencer: S3=9×11×2.6×0.145=37.3 m2, air volume measured on site is 169.11 m3/s, so flow velocity of the third stage muffler: Placing whose value is 4.5 into Eq. 9: By the data calculated upon, the regenerative noise is within the target range in the end of noise control, the design is reasonable.
The Calculation of the Total Amount of Noise Reduction.
The values of noise reduction of the muffler and the target values of noise reduction are shown in the Table 5.
Table 5 The Values of Noise Reduction of The Muffler And The Target Values of Noise Reduction Center frequency [Hz] 125 250 500 lK 2K 4K Amount of noise reduction [dB] First stage 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 Second stage 17.5 19.3 17.5 15.1 9.6 6.8 Third stage 11.5 24.3 22.1 18.8 17.7 13.9 Total amount of noise reduction [dB] 33.4 48 44 38.3 31.7 25.1 Minimum value of noise reduction[dB] 25.6 26.5 27.5 20.9 13.5 10.4 According to Table 5, the amount of noise reduction of each center frequency is more than the minimum value of noise reduction, so muffler design can satisfy the requirement of noise reduction.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Jiří Svoboda, Jan Kramný, Leopold Hudeček
Furthermore, the test sections were established in order to test the application of different materials used as a grout space between the rails and the surrounding environment and the reference section to compare the resulting data.
Vibrations were measured on the own construction of the house, also on the communication - vertical vibration near the track (30 cm far from the running rail track), these data present the transmission of vibration from the rail and sleepers in the immediate surroundings, measuring the vertical vibrations of the road (150 cm far from the running rail track in place that was not affected by reconstruction), these data present the transmission of vibration to the subsoil neighbourhood.
Pads ensure the reduction of vertical vibration of sleepers on average by 32 % in case of good wheels and an average of 42% when wheels has little flat areas (the driving speed was 50 km·h-1).
Noise reduction has been proven by measurements made on the street Opavská in 2000 - 2001, on monitored section of track, before repairing and after repair.
By performing repairs by using rubber pads was achieved at a distance of 21 m from the centre of the track (before the windows of residential buildings - microphone at a height of 3.5 meters above ground level, the driving speed 50 km·h-1) noise reduction of 3.5 dB for a no-load wheels 7.7 dB for a loaded wheels of tram T3.
Vibrations were measured on the own construction of the house, also on the communication - vertical vibration near the track (30 cm far from the running rail track), these data present the transmission of vibration from the rail and sleepers in the immediate surroundings, measuring the vertical vibrations of the road (150 cm far from the running rail track in place that was not affected by reconstruction), these data present the transmission of vibration to the subsoil neighbourhood.
Pads ensure the reduction of vertical vibration of sleepers on average by 32 % in case of good wheels and an average of 42% when wheels has little flat areas (the driving speed was 50 km·h-1).
Noise reduction has been proven by measurements made on the street Opavská in 2000 - 2001, on monitored section of track, before repairing and after repair.
By performing repairs by using rubber pads was achieved at a distance of 21 m from the centre of the track (before the windows of residential buildings - microphone at a height of 3.5 meters above ground level, the driving speed 50 km·h-1) noise reduction of 3.5 dB for a no-load wheels 7.7 dB for a loaded wheels of tram T3.
Online since: January 2009
Authors: Zdzisław Gosiewski, Andrzej Piotr Koszewnik
To reduce the order of the
polynomials of the transfer function the balance reduction method [2] was used.
The measurement of the input/output data for the given lab model. 2.
The determination of the FRF from the input/output data. 3.
The determination of the transfer function model and its reduction.
To do this we have connected the whole system ( piezo-actuator, steel beam, piezo-sensor and charge amplifier) to the excitation and data acquisition devices.
The measurement of the input/output data for the given lab model. 2.
The determination of the FRF from the input/output data. 3.
The determination of the transfer function model and its reduction.
To do this we have connected the whole system ( piezo-actuator, steel beam, piezo-sensor and charge amplifier) to the excitation and data acquisition devices.
Online since: October 2012
Authors: Zheng Liu, Xin Zhou Hu
Low-carbon tourism is a mode (or model) that tries to protect resources and environment through the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions.
When we do quantitative analysis, it should be easy to collect data.
Thus, it is more appropriate to adopt the inherent data information in the process of analysis.
Both the subjective effect such as the satisfaction of the travelers and the objective effect such as data of the component of the travelers are included.
The indicators used by the evaluation system are fraught with details, and the data used in the evaluating process are convenient to collect.
When we do quantitative analysis, it should be easy to collect data.
Thus, it is more appropriate to adopt the inherent data information in the process of analysis.
Both the subjective effect such as the satisfaction of the travelers and the objective effect such as data of the component of the travelers are included.
The indicators used by the evaluation system are fraught with details, and the data used in the evaluating process are convenient to collect.