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Therefore, it is necessary to study the interface crack tip stress and strain fields for improving the utilization of materials, ensuring the reliability of structure and developing of high-tech materials.
But, the structures made up of homogeneous material and functionally graded materials[2] are often used.
Advanced Materials Research.
International Journal of Engineering Science. 1988, 26(6):559-563, (1988) [10] Z.
Crack-tip singular fields in non-homogeneous materials [J].

However, the real geological or environmental materials are relative impurity compared with Pb standard.
This technique can be applied not only to geological samples, but also to a wide range of environmental samples such as marine sediments, carbonates, organisms or polluted pollution-source materials with high sensitivity and accuracy.
The double spike method can be used applied to Pb isotopic analysis any kind of sample, such as marine sediments, carbonates, organisms or polluted pollution-source materials with high sensitivity and accuracy.
Oversby: Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol.74(1969), p. 4338 [6] J.
Beard: International Journal of Mass Spectrometry, Vol. 193(1999) , p.87

Additionally, processing biological, biocompatible, bioinert, or bioresorbable materials with 3D printers has attracted increasing interest in the life science sector.
Summary The primary aim was to develop a low-cost 3D bioprinter that could process multiple biological materials with various viscosities while surpassing the size restrictions of syringe-based extruders.
Journal of Controlled Release, 2020
The Journal of prosthetic dentistry, 2020. 123(6): p. 821-828
[16] Engels, A., et al. 3d Printer Heads for Extrusion of Biologicals Gels. in Materials Science Forum. 2021.

Composite materials from renewable sources are a sustainable alternative to commercial materials.
Materials and Methods Starting Materials and Fabrication of the Compounds.
New composite materials were manufactured by hot pressing (180 - 200 °C and 10 - 20 minutes) of a mixture of precursor materials (sawdust, alpaca wool and ichu) in suitable quantities.
Composition (volume %) of the materials prepared in this research.
References [1] Mori S, Charca S, Flores E and Savastano H 2021 Journal of Natural Fibers, pp. 475-491 [2] Charca S and Candiotti S 2020 IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 942(1),012010 [3] Mori S, Tenazoa C, Candiotti S, Flores E and Charca S 2020 Journal of Natural Fibers 17(5), pp. 700-715 [4] Zanovello L and Cardoso M 2019 Revista Energías renovables y medio ambiente.

The materials of core, cladding and acid-soluble glasses were prepared, which had good physical and chemical matching on the base of three layers coaxial micro-structure.
In terms of physical and chemical matching properties of different materials, the material formulas were shown in Table 1, referencing the computer CAD optimization design of glass components [8].
Conclusions Material formula of acid-leaching method image transfer bundle is desinged according to the materials’ matching of physical and chemical property requirements.
Chinese Journal of Lasers.
Chinese Journal of Lasers.

In this paper, we studied the different content of aramid fiber, aramid pulp, carbon fiber, high silica fiber, mullite fiber, alumina fiber's effect on EPDM inhibitor material.
Aramid pulp can improve ablation resistance of thermal insulation layer, but its dispersion in insulation material is difficult.
Because of its advantages in low density, high decompose temperature and good compatibility with propellant charge EPDM was one of widely used rubber material in inhibitor.
Experimental Materials: EPDM inhibitor: the third monomer is ENB, ethylene quantity percent 59% , I value in ENB is17g/100g, JSR EP25; DCP: quantity percent≥98%, Taicang plastic reagent; aramid fiber: length 3~5mm,aramid pulp: shanghai synthesis fiber institute; high silica fiber: shaanxi huate new material Ltd; carbon fiber: Japan TORAY; mullite fiber: Zhejiang kelei crystal fiber ,Ltd; alumina fiber: Zhejiang OSM crystal fiber Ltd; other materials: chemical pure brought in market.
Aramid polymer and powder filler reinforced elastomeric composition for use as rocket motor insulation .USP 4 492 779,1985-01-08 [2] ZHANG Jin-song, LING Ling, HE Yong-zhu, HUANG Hao-dong Effects of the test conditions on the ablation property of EPDM insulation [J] Journal of Solid Rocket Technology Vol01.27 No.2 2004 121~122 [3] ZHANG Jing–song, LING Ling , ZHU Xue–wei The efects of filler fiber and flam e retardant on ablative performance of EPDM insulation [J] Journal of Solid Rocket Technology V01.25 No.4 2002 38~40 [4] ZHAO Xiao-li, YUE Hong, ZHANG Xing-hang, ZHANG Ying Progress and Prospect of Ablation Resistance of Insulation of EPDM Rubber[J] Journal of Materials Science & Engineering Vol.2 3 No.2 2005 310~312 [5] Li Guijia, Zhang Weiru, Yin Yansheng, Cheng Zhiqiang The Applation of Inorganic Fiber Material in Aviation and Space Thermal-proof System [J] .Ceramic 2004 (2) 28~31

Analysis of the approaches to determine crack initiation stress of rock materials in compression tests Li Peng-fei1, a, Cai Qing-chi 1,b 1 School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; a125459315@qq.com, b295807506@qq.com Keywords: rock mechanics; compression condition; crack initiation stress.
Journal of Geophysical Research, 1966, 71(16): 3939–3953
International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 2009, 46(2): 219–228
International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanical Abstracts, 1994, 31(6): 643–659
International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 2013, 64: 258–269 [10] NICKSIAR M, MARTIN C D.

The current stage of technology development can be characterized by a surge interest in the deep processing of materials, nanomaterials and composites.
Pae: Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science Vol. 35 (2) (2007), pp. 259-269 [5] M.
Gulin: Applied Mechanics and Materials Vol. 656 (2014), pp. 497 – 506 [9] Z.
Constantinov: Applied Mechanics and Materials Vol. 436 (2013), pp. 114 – 120 [13] M.
Nikitenko: Key Engineering Materials Vol. 685 (2015), pp. 487-491

The new design of external fixators is based on the development of Ilizarov and other techniques and satisfies new demands of science.
New smart materials (mostly not metal) Antibacterial protection: Application of nanoadditives containing selected metal-based nanoparticles on the surface of the outer parts of the fixators.
New design (structure) Proper mechanical properties and reliability of structure: Stiffness of fixators, fatigue tests of the whole system, etc. are based on laboratory testing of new smart materials.
The new designs and materials of fixators will satisfy the ambitious demands of modern traumatology.
Čech Barabaszová, Antibacterial properties of nanostructured materials, Journal of Nanocomposites and Nanoceramics 3 (2012) 7-13

Haake, Materials and Science in Sports: Materials and Science in Sports Symposium, Coronado, California, April 22-25, 2001.
Fracture of pre-cracked tensile specimens," Journal of Materials Science, vol. 32, pp. 609-617, Feb 1997
Bureau, "Effect of the oxygen content in solution on the static and cyclic deformation of titanium foams," Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, vol. 20, pp. 2223-2233, 2009
ELI grade," Journal of Materials Processing Technology, vol. 108, pp. 320-327, 2001
Miodownik, "On the fracture toughness of α-ß titanium alloys," Journal of materials science letters, vol. 12, pp. 1665-1668, 1993