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However, these dynamic variables are essential data for the validation of dynamic simulation methods.
The distance between the walls can be as such that simulations to be performed to aspect ratios of the channel (Rf = a / b) in the range 5.2 ≤ Rf ≤ 6.9.
For practical simulations, the vertical channel is immersed in a tank filled with water, in order to ignore, on one hand, radiation and on the other hand, for an easy highlight of the velocity boundary conditions at the inlet and the outlet of the channel.
Fig. 1 Geometry of the real, experimental channel Model validation In order to study the dynamic behavior of flow in natural convection obtained from the numerical simulations, it is necessary to check the validation of the selected model.
Chereches, Numerical simulation of dynamical aspects of natural convection flow in a double-skin façade, Energy and Buildings, pp. 229-233, (2012)

3-D Modeling & Numerical Simulation of Friction Stir Welding Process Barnik Saha Roy1,a, Subhash Chandra Saha2,b, John DebBarma3,c 1Asst.
Department, NIT Agartala, Tripura-799055, India aerbarnik@yahoo.co.in, bsubashchandrasaha@yahoo.in, cdebbarma_john@rediffmail.com Keywords: Aluminium alloy, Friction Stir Welding , Simulation, Thermomechanical Modeling.
The model was implemented using heat transfer & cfd module in Comsol 4.1.
DebRoy (2006) “Numerical simulation of three-dimensional heat transfer and plastic flow during friction stir welding,” Metallurgical & Materials Transactions A, 37A, pp. 1247–1259
Hattel (2005) “A local model for the thermomechanical conditions in friction stir welding,” Modeling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering, 13, pp. 77–93

At present, the study of the internal flow field of hydrodynamic coupling is mainly based on the CFD software for numerical simulation and modern flow testing technology.
According to the relative literature, the research work on the flow field of hydrodynamic coupling is mainly based on CFD simulation, in this paper, we will use PIV to test and analyze the velocity of flow field on radial and axial tested sections of pump and turbine in three typical working conditions.
Numerical Simulation and Experimental Research on Flow Field in the Stator of a Torque Converter [J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery 2007 (8):11~14.

Approximate aeroelastic theories are highly time efficient when compared to computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, however their accuracy is limited to simple geometries and certain flow conditions due to simplifications in their derivations.
Experimental data for simple test cases are critical for the validation of modern computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and development of new approximate methods, so that they may be applied accurately to increasingly complex geometries and flow conditions [10].
The resulting aerodynamic moment about the pitch axis, updated at each time-step, were used to calculate the test model dynamic response using finite difference approximations of the governing equations: (1) (2) (3) In addition to the assumptions made in the derivations of each of the aerodynamic theories, the following simplifications were made during the analysis: bearing drag of the pitch axis is negligible; constant flow properties; two-dimensional flow over the plate; and negligible impact on simulation accuracy due to exclusion of plate trailing edge.

It is shown that the analytical results are in good agreement with numerical simulations, which also show that the pressure coefficient over the collar surface has the same trend as given by computational simulation.
Furthermore, to find the best thrust deflection angle and the best nozzle performance, numerous simulations are investigated based on various nozzle design parameters.
Fig. 3 shows the computational grid for CFD simulation in symmetry plane and in adjoining plane.
The governing equations for flow simulation include conservation of mass (continuity), momentum, energy for a perfect gas and also k and ε equations of the turbulence model.
Three-dimensional numerical simulations are presented using a computational fluid dynamics code.

This takes a solid foundation for hydraulic performance prediction and CFD numerical simulation analysis of the francis turbine.

Simulation In this study, the code FLOW-3D is used to simulate the mold filling process in LFC.
This software, FLOW-3D, developed by Flow Science, Inc. in the US, is a commercial code on a computational fluid dynamics (CFD), and it can be modified to include the effects of varying interfacial heat transfer coefficient in LFC.
Numerical simulation of CHANG et al. for the step gating system showed that the liquid metal infused the cavity according to the order of arrival at the ingate [15].
Simulation Parameter Setting.
It is apparent that in all simulation cases, the mass flux ratio through the bottom-side ingate is over 82% of total mass flux, much more than the others.

Simulation Analysis In order to verify the rationality and accuracy of experimental results, it is necessary to compare the software simulation results with the experimental data when they are put in the same experimental conditions.
The following is the results of numerical simulation of the light pipe in the same experimental conditions by using Sky Vision software.
Four light pipes were installed in the room and the arrangement can be seen in Fig. 5 and the simulation results showed in Fig. 6.
Ventilation terminais for use with light pipe in building: a CFD study.

Large eddy simulation technology has been used to analyze indoor air quality of public transport interchange station.
The results validate the effective of numerical simulation techniques.
Numerical simulation and frequency control of the underground garage ventilation system [D].
Lu.CFD analysis of ventilation effectiveness in a public transport interchange[J].
Numerical Simulation of the Dispersion of Pollutants and Optimization of Ventilation System of the Underground Garage [D].

An Open Source CFD software Open Foam has been used to study the above effects.
Results To carry out the simulations and solve all the equations, a C++ code “radLBL” has been developed.
Mosbach, Two-dimensional numerical simulation of a decaying laser spark in air with radiation loss.
Mahesh, Numerical simulation of the fluid dynamic effects of laser energy deposition in air.
Modest, M.F., Backward Monte Carlo simulations in radiative heat transfer.