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Sheng, Analysis of laser evaporative and fusion cutting, Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Transactions of the ASME, Vol. 118(2) (1996) 225-234
Yilbas, Experimental investigation into CO2 laser cutting parameters, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 58(2-3) (1996) 323-330
Kelbassa, In situ measurement of plasma and shock wave properties inside laser-drilled metal holes, Measurement Science and Technology, Vol. 19(10) (2008) 1-8
Sunar, Taguchi method for determining CO2 laser cut quality, Journal of Laser Applications, Vol. 10(2) (1998) 71-77
[11] Y.Uchida, J.Yamada, Y.Uchida, Spectroscopical measurements of ablation plasma generated by an excimer laser from functionally graded materials, Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Part 1,Vol. 39(9 A) (2000) 5263-5267

Lu , Q.D Wand and X.Q Zeng, et.al.Materials Science and Engineering A, Vol. 278(2000),p. 66
Materials Chemistry and Physics.Vol. 78 (2002),p. 88
Materials Science and Engineering A, Vol.356(2003),p.1
Journal of Materials Science Letters, Vol.21(2002),p.1281
Metallurgical and materials transactions. vol. 28(1997).p.439.

It’s well known that synthesis route plays a major role in improving the physicochemical properties of the electrode materials coming from its ability to produce various particle size and morphology of the materials.
Conventional solid-state reaction is the most commonly used method owing to its advantages of simple synthesis, facile scale up, well-crystallized sample and cheap raw materials.
Arof: Journal of Alloys and Compounds Vol.486 (2009) p.645 [9] M.
Wu: The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals Vol.19(2009) p. 2179 (In Chinese) ,9].
Acknowledgements We gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Science and Technology Project of Hunan Province (No. 2007FJ4151).

Test material Test materials is quenched T10 steel .The size of sample is 10×20×45 mm and uniform gridding has been made in side of it (Fig.1).
Compared Fig.3 with Fig.4, we can see that the changing trend of hardness value is different, static load changes gently, and the variation of the hardness value is also different ,which give the fact that impact load affects the mechanical properties of materials much greater.
Conclusions Static load and impact load in low stress can both change the mechanical properties of materials, making softening and hardening of the hardness appear alternately.
Acknowledgements The authors acknowledge the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10972150), and the Science & Technology Plan of Suzhou (Grant No.SG0923).
Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 353 (2007) 1990–1993

Reverse Source processes associated with returning products for any reason or recycling materials.
Reverse Make processes associated with returning products for any reason or recycling materials.
Reverse Deliver processes associated with returning products for any reason or recycling materials.
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2005, 13(9): 927-933
Applying distance-to-target weighing methodology to evaluate the environmental performance of bio-based energy, fuels, and materials.

Many material have different stress-strain relation in tension and compression, generally the relation is nonlinear.
CL and CY are constants of material in tension and compression, the dimension of them is same as stress.
Assuming materials are linearly elastic, i.e. the constitutive relation is , then the group of Eqs.7 will be transformed to linear equations
The constitutive relation of materials was referred to as strength difference and nonlinearly elastic formulation, it is the more general term.
References [1] Liu Xiequan: The computing analysis of mechanics of materials (software) (Beijing university publishing house, China 1992) [2] Liu Hongwen: Higher mechanics of materials, (Higher education publishing house, China 1985) [3] Liu Xiequan, Ni Xinhua, Liu Yunting: Mechanics in Engineering, Vol.21(1999), p.21 [4] Liu Xiequan, Ni Xinhua, Liu Yunting: Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics, Vol.17(2000) , p. 246

Single-corrugated are simple in structure, easy to process and have low consumption of expensive alloy materials when compared to multi-corrugated elastic oil sumps.
The tensile specimens were machined reference to the national standards GB/T228-2002 ( Metallic Materials- Tensile Testing at Ambient Temperature).
The fatigue specimens were machined reference to the national standards GB3075-82( Metallic Materials- Axial fatigue testing ).
σs(MPa) σb(MPa) δ(%) E(GPa) μ materials 263 572 22.17 209 0.29 Determination of Fatigue Limit Stress.
Kawagoishi: Journal of mechanical strength.

It is concerned widespread as a high-temperature structural materials because of high melting point, high hardness, excellent electrical conductivity and good thermal conductivity.
These properties make it mainly used in field of electrode materials, thin-film materials ,nuclear control material, etc.
So it is used as the contact material and the electrode material and can be applied to the metal thermocouple electrodes and high-temperature heating element.
The rough materials are solid and the reaction occurred between solid and solid.
Deng, S.J.Wang, Ablation behaviors of ultra-high temperature ceramic composites,Material Science and Engineering,465 (2007) 1-7

The Coupling Thermal and Mechanical Analysis of Machining Aluminum Alloy Work-piece Based on FEM Mu Lan Wang1, a, Jun Ming Hou2, b and Bao Sheng Wang3, c 1Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Numerical Control Technology, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing China 2Industrial Center, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing China 3School of Material Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing China awangml@njit.edu.cn, bhjunming@njit.edu.cn, cclxwbs@njit.edu.cn Keywords: Oblique cutting model, Finite Element Method (FEM), Cutting temperature, Cutting force, Aluminum alloy work-piece Abstract.
In the cutting process, the milling tool contacts with the work-piece, and cut a changing thickness of materials.
Acknowledgements This research is partially supported by Natural Science Research Foundation of Jiangsu Provincial Universities (Grant No.: 13KJA460002), Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No.: BK2012476, BK20131314), Advanced Numerical Control Technology Innovational Teams of Qing Lan Project of Jiangsu Province (Grant No.: 201239) and Science Research Foundation of Nanjing Institute of Technology (Grant No.: 2KJ201201).
Liu, et al: Journal of Zhejiang University, (2008) No. 42 : p. 234 (In Chinese) [4] J.
Wong, et al: Journal of Applied Sciences, (2011) NO. 11 : p. 308

Secondly, as for stainless steel, water is non-infiltrated material.
Fan: Journal of Basic Science and Engineering.
Liang: Wuhan University of Science and Technology Journal(In Chinese).
Fan: China Science Series B.
Journal of Crystal Growth.