Sort by:
Publication Type:
Open access:
Publication Date:
Periodicals:
Search results
Online since: March 2015
Authors: Feng Qian, Jie Miao, Liang Guo, Fan Wang
The operation is complicated, time-consuming, high requirements and difficult to promote, and heavy metals can only get the total data and non valence data.
1.2Analysis method of flue gas mercury
Analysis of mercury in the flue gas often used ICP-AES, which is a new analysis technique used a high temperature (5000K)plasma generated by argon discharge as the excitation light source, special high temperature can ensure that the atomic in the sample elements is excited with high efficiency.
Ruud Meij’s study on emissions of mercury from coal-fired power plant in Holland found that the removal efficiency of ESP for mercury in the flue gas was 50%, higher than the statistical data of EPRI[8].
Gutierrez Ortiz conclued that removal efficiency of ESP for mercury vapor was 30%, and the statistical data was substantially consistent with EPRI [9].
The results of Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences were similar with the Zhejiang University, which measured that the reduction efficiency of ESP for mercury from coal-fired industrial boiler was 20%~40% The data measured by the domestic and the foreign have some differences, this is related to the factors like coal, boiler scale, furnace and so on. 2.2The effect of WFGD for mercury in the flue gas WFGD include limestone-lime/gypsum wet FGD, magnesium oxide desulfurization method, ammonia desulfurization, Sodium alkali desulfurization, double alkali method desulfurization, etc.
From the above data showed that the control efficiency of ESP+ WFGD was better than that the desulphurization and dust removal system.Therefore, the significant increase in the number of the dust removal and desulfurization integration device in recent years is worth exploring whether this phenomenon should continue or not.
Ruud Meij’s study on emissions of mercury from coal-fired power plant in Holland found that the removal efficiency of ESP for mercury in the flue gas was 50%, higher than the statistical data of EPRI[8].
Gutierrez Ortiz conclued that removal efficiency of ESP for mercury vapor was 30%, and the statistical data was substantially consistent with EPRI [9].
The results of Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences were similar with the Zhejiang University, which measured that the reduction efficiency of ESP for mercury from coal-fired industrial boiler was 20%~40% The data measured by the domestic and the foreign have some differences, this is related to the factors like coal, boiler scale, furnace and so on. 2.2The effect of WFGD for mercury in the flue gas WFGD include limestone-lime/gypsum wet FGD, magnesium oxide desulfurization method, ammonia desulfurization, Sodium alkali desulfurization, double alkali method desulfurization, etc.
From the above data showed that the control efficiency of ESP+ WFGD was better than that the desulphurization and dust removal system.Therefore, the significant increase in the number of the dust removal and desulfurization integration device in recent years is worth exploring whether this phenomenon should continue or not.
Online since: December 2011
Authors: Thierry Baudin, Wei Wang, I. Drouelle, F. Brisset, M.H. Mathon, T. Auger
One cm thickness sheets, cut from this cylindrical ingot, were cold rolled at different reduction amounts i.e. 50%, 70% and 90%.
The OIMTM software was used to analyze the EBSD data.
The recrystallized microstructure (grain size) is still heterogeneous after lower cold rolling reductions (50% and 70%).
Fig. 4a shows the stored energy evolution of components B, C and Goss in terms of the cold rolling reduction.
As mentioned above, the substructure is better formed in smaller grains when the cold rolling reduction increases.
The OIMTM software was used to analyze the EBSD data.
The recrystallized microstructure (grain size) is still heterogeneous after lower cold rolling reductions (50% and 70%).
Fig. 4a shows the stored energy evolution of components B, C and Goss in terms of the cold rolling reduction.
As mentioned above, the substructure is better formed in smaller grains when the cold rolling reduction increases.
Online since: April 2018
Authors: Ming Yang, Jun Hu, Tetsuhide Shimizu
The system consists of a bottom die tool for specimens positioning and an upper die tool containing an ultrasonic sonotrode, a holder, and a load cell, in addition to other digital components such as an ultrasonic generator, a signal amplifier and a data recorder.
Fig. 3 showed the stress reduction percentage during ultrasonic-assisted compression tests with varying height.
Stress reduction percentage during ultrasonic-assisted compression tests.
Previous study about ultrasonic-assisted forming explained the expansion of interfaces by friction reduction [9], however, only friction reduction could not clarify the mechanism of local anti-barreling shapes in every specimen.
The critical condition for occurrence of ultrasonic dynamic impact effect is confirmed to be 2λE/H > σ0.2, and ultrasonic impact is more effective on specimens with smaller dimensional height for stress reduction, even an average stress reduction of 87% can be achieved with smallest height of 1mm, showing the promising prospect in micro forming. 2.
Fig. 3 showed the stress reduction percentage during ultrasonic-assisted compression tests with varying height.
Stress reduction percentage during ultrasonic-assisted compression tests.
Previous study about ultrasonic-assisted forming explained the expansion of interfaces by friction reduction [9], however, only friction reduction could not clarify the mechanism of local anti-barreling shapes in every specimen.
The critical condition for occurrence of ultrasonic dynamic impact effect is confirmed to be 2λE/H > σ0.2, and ultrasonic impact is more effective on specimens with smaller dimensional height for stress reduction, even an average stress reduction of 87% can be achieved with smallest height of 1mm, showing the promising prospect in micro forming. 2.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Zuo Wei Huang, Yuan Jiang Huang
It developed an abundance modeling technique to describe the statistical distribution of the data.
With continuous spectrum and image-spectrum composition,multi-temporal high-dimensional spectral information offers more change information which is usually ignored in multispectral data.
The algorithm is shown as below: (1) input hyperspectral image data X ∈ Rl × n, L stand for spectral band number, n stand for image pixel number; Using endmember estimation algorithm estimates endmember number p; (2) preprocessing: using the dimension reduction methods such as MNF transform it reduces spectrum data dimension from l to p-1; (3) exhaustion search: for any monomer is composed by pixel spectral vector (number p) S(A1,A2,...
Change maps can be acquired using the algorithm above. 4 EXPERIMENT Experiments using the data from American West lafayette, indiana (West Lafayette) areas of hyperspectral remote sensing data, Available at http://cobweb.ecn.purdue.edu/~biehl/MultiSpec/).
[3] Penn B.S.Using Simulated Annealing to Obtain Optimal Linear Endmember Mixtures of Hyperspectral Data[J].Computers&Geosciences,2002,28(7):809 817
With continuous spectrum and image-spectrum composition,multi-temporal high-dimensional spectral information offers more change information which is usually ignored in multispectral data.
The algorithm is shown as below: (1) input hyperspectral image data X ∈ Rl × n, L stand for spectral band number, n stand for image pixel number; Using endmember estimation algorithm estimates endmember number p; (2) preprocessing: using the dimension reduction methods such as MNF transform it reduces spectrum data dimension from l to p-1; (3) exhaustion search: for any monomer is composed by pixel spectral vector (number p) S(A1,A2,...
Change maps can be acquired using the algorithm above. 4 EXPERIMENT Experiments using the data from American West lafayette, indiana (West Lafayette) areas of hyperspectral remote sensing data, Available at http://cobweb.ecn.purdue.edu/~biehl/MultiSpec/).
[3] Penn B.S.Using Simulated Annealing to Obtain Optimal Linear Endmember Mixtures of Hyperspectral Data[J].Computers&Geosciences,2002,28(7):809 817
Online since: May 2012
Authors: Jian Rong Tang, Bai Yu Zhang, Li Juan Wu
The paper describes the direct, indirect and general influences of the construction carbon emissions based on the path analysis and the related statistic data of Jiangsu Province from 1998 to 2007.
Index and data selection Select the data from 1998 to 2007 about the related indicators to make an analysis: x1, the level of the industrial development, indicate the share of total construction output in GDP; industrial scale x2 means the completion of the area of the construction; urbanization x3 represent the city rate of characterization; technology to improve x4 to characterize the per capital of GDP of the energy consumption; labour efficiency x5 characterized by the construction industry labour productivity; infrastructure state x6 to the fixed assets investment in construction.
All the data comes from the “China Statistical Yearbook”, “China Energy Statistical Yearbook”, “China Construction Statistical Yearbook” and the “Statistical Yearbook of Jiangsu Province”, part of which is derived through the integration of original data.
As for the construction emissions Y, no official data are available and there are too many accounting methods to obtain the data, coupled with the subject of the study is not ,so the paper draw on the results of previous studies, such as Wang Hao, Li Dezhi ,Lee Kaiming(2010) .The set of the specific variables and values shown in Table 1.
In addition, the decision-making factor of each factor can be calculated based on the data in Table 3:,,,,,.
Index and data selection Select the data from 1998 to 2007 about the related indicators to make an analysis: x1, the level of the industrial development, indicate the share of total construction output in GDP; industrial scale x2 means the completion of the area of the construction; urbanization x3 represent the city rate of characterization; technology to improve x4 to characterize the per capital of GDP of the energy consumption; labour efficiency x5 characterized by the construction industry labour productivity; infrastructure state x6 to the fixed assets investment in construction.
All the data comes from the “China Statistical Yearbook”, “China Energy Statistical Yearbook”, “China Construction Statistical Yearbook” and the “Statistical Yearbook of Jiangsu Province”, part of which is derived through the integration of original data.
As for the construction emissions Y, no official data are available and there are too many accounting methods to obtain the data, coupled with the subject of the study is not ,so the paper draw on the results of previous studies, such as Wang Hao, Li Dezhi ,Lee Kaiming(2010) .The set of the specific variables and values shown in Table 1.
In addition, the decision-making factor of each factor can be calculated based on the data in Table 3:,,,,,.
Online since: June 2009
Authors: Taghi Tawakoli, Bahman Azarhoushang, Engelbert Westkämper
Tawakoli et al [7-10] demonstrated that in
ultrasonic assisted grinding and dressing, considerable reduction in grinding forces, surface
roughness, grinding wheel wear and dresser wear is achievable.
Reduction in the radial wear of the grinding wheel, the grinding forces and improvements of surface roughness due to superimposing of ultrasonic vibration in the grinding of 100Cr6 have been achieved.
In order to achieve reliable data each test was repeated 3 times.
In all figures, lines were formed by calculating the least-squares fit through the data points for a second-order polynomial equation.
• Comparative experiments demonstrated up to significant reduction in radial wear of the grinding wheel and grinding forces for the workpieces machined with superimposed ultrasonic vibration
Reduction in the radial wear of the grinding wheel, the grinding forces and improvements of surface roughness due to superimposing of ultrasonic vibration in the grinding of 100Cr6 have been achieved.
In order to achieve reliable data each test was repeated 3 times.
In all figures, lines were formed by calculating the least-squares fit through the data points for a second-order polynomial equation.
• Comparative experiments demonstrated up to significant reduction in radial wear of the grinding wheel and grinding forces for the workpieces machined with superimposed ultrasonic vibration
Online since: May 2021
Authors: Safrilah Safrilah, Sigit Wijayanto, Mirsa Diah Novianti, Jouvan Chandra Pratama Putra
Before entering the hidden layer, the input value is independently weighted, and all data processing is completed by the hidden layer; the result is an output that is supported in the total weighted amplitude, and the input layer is adjusted by the sigmoid transfer function [15]
In recognizing process, the set of measured data of indoor CO2 was classified into two groups namely training data and feature data.
Subsequently, the feature data was introduced to evaluate whether the trained of ANN model could identify the behavior of feature data.
There were total of 128 data sets for each scenario.
These data are divided into 95 data sets used for training set, used to develop neural network; 33 data sets used for verification, used to unbiased evaluation of the model suitable for training data set when adjusting the model.
These mean that, the model of ANN has succesfully identified the featured data of indoor CO2.
Subsequently, the feature data was introduced to evaluate whether the trained of ANN model could identify the behavior of feature data.
There were total of 128 data sets for each scenario.
These data are divided into 95 data sets used for training set, used to develop neural network; 33 data sets used for verification, used to unbiased evaluation of the model suitable for training data set when adjusting the model.
These mean that, the model of ANN has succesfully identified the featured data of indoor CO2.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Zhi Ping Zhang, Lin Na Li, Li Jun Wang, Hai Yan Yu
Data mining discovers knowledge and useful information from large amounts of data stored in databases.
In order to overcome the limit which are caused by applying traditional data mining methods to multiple tables, multi-relational data mining (MRDM) is proposed.
Object-Oriented Data Mining (OODM) is a field whose time has come.
Almost all current researches to OODM tailored to specific forms of data mining and specific data types.
Of course, this requires that the data is perfect.
In order to overcome the limit which are caused by applying traditional data mining methods to multiple tables, multi-relational data mining (MRDM) is proposed.
Object-Oriented Data Mining (OODM) is a field whose time has come.
Almost all current researches to OODM tailored to specific forms of data mining and specific data types.
Of course, this requires that the data is perfect.
Online since: May 2014
Authors: Régis Bigot, Laurent Langlois, Philippe Mangin, Catalina Gutierrez
The movement of the wedges causes a progressive spread in the axial direction of the billet and a reduction in its cross-sectional area; it can be of simple diameter reduction or of several reductions.
Definition of remarkable point's coordinates Each of these stages encompasses another series of steps, at a more detailed level; and for each of these steps there are: an input data, a defined action, an output data and a number of rules to verify.
Figure 7 – Simple reduction part A11
At this stage the reduction ratios are validated.
Authors use different reduction ratios, for example [4] use the optimum reduction in cross-section area Rop, [12] use the diameter reduction Ed; and relative reduction δ used by [6].
Definition of remarkable point's coordinates Each of these stages encompasses another series of steps, at a more detailed level; and for each of these steps there are: an input data, a defined action, an output data and a number of rules to verify.
Figure 7 – Simple reduction part A11
At this stage the reduction ratios are validated.
Authors use different reduction ratios, for example [4] use the optimum reduction in cross-section area Rop, [12] use the diameter reduction Ed; and relative reduction δ used by [6].
Online since: August 2011
Authors: Lei Xu, Hui Ming Huang
The tag can not function in an excessively curving case, since the deviation of the antenna resonant frequency from working frequency makes a reduction in inductive energy supplied by a transmitter.
Analytically, it is found that a reduction in central distance, which is determined by column radius and curving angle, between compound straight tracks leads to the decreasing of overall antenna-coil inductance after the curving of the tag.
The measured data show an increase of about 0.5 pF in the antenna-coil capacitance while the tag is folded face-to-face.
In Fig. 2C, the measured data are marked with dots; the calculated values with the curving turn exponent of 1.78 are plotted with lines.
Analytically, it is found that the decreasing of overall antenna-coil inductance results from a reduction in straight-track inductance after the curving of an RFID tag.
Analytically, it is found that a reduction in central distance, which is determined by column radius and curving angle, between compound straight tracks leads to the decreasing of overall antenna-coil inductance after the curving of the tag.
The measured data show an increase of about 0.5 pF in the antenna-coil capacitance while the tag is folded face-to-face.
In Fig. 2C, the measured data are marked with dots; the calculated values with the curving turn exponent of 1.78 are plotted with lines.
Analytically, it is found that the decreasing of overall antenna-coil inductance results from a reduction in straight-track inductance after the curving of an RFID tag.