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As a result, it takes a lot of trial times and material waste.
The authors would like to thank the financial support of the National Science Council (granted project NSC 102-2221-E-151 -009) and the Repon Industrial Corporation.
Determination of buckling limit of strain in cold roll forming by the finite element analysis, Journal of Materials Processing Technology,Volumes 125–126,pp. 1930–1938 , 2002
M Brunet, S Mguil, P Pol, Modelling of a roll-forming process with a combined 2D and 3D FEM code, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 80–81, pp. 213–219,1998
Lindgren, Cold roll forming of a U-channel made of high strength steel, Journal of Materials Processing Technology,Vol.186,pp.77-81,2007

Introduction With the enhanced awareness of environmental protection, biodegradable polymer materials have become one of the hot research fields of polymer materials.
Introduction of substituents or protective groups modified the raw materials, then the modified materials reacted.
Experimental Raw materials and equipment.
Wang, In situ Graft Copolymerization of Starch with D,L-Lactide in the Presence of Poly(ethylene glycol), Polymeric Materials Science & Engineering. 21(4) (2005) 73-75
Zhou, Preparation and Characterization of Starch-polylactide Copolymers, Journal of Materials Science and Engineering. 24(6) (2006) 836-838

The maximum residual stresses are below the yield strength of the material in the shoulder region and, outside of the welding region, low tensile and compressive residual stresses are responsible for the necessary stress equilibrium on the plane of interest.
The material used was the aluminum alloy AA6082-T6, with a Young’s modulus (E) of 65 GPa and a yield strength of 252 MPa [5].
Prime, Cross-sectional mapping of residual stresses by measuring the surface contour after a cut, Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology-Transactions of the ASME 123 (2001) 162–168
Shin, FEM analysis of plasticity-induced error on measurement of welding residual stress by the contour method, Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 19 (2005) 1885–1890
Wen, Residual stress engineering in friction stir welds by roller tensioning, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining 14 (2009) 185–192

Materials and Method The preparation material for the synthesis of the CaFe2O4 NPs includes the calcium nitrate (99%), ferric nitrate (99.5%), citric acid (99.5%), ethylene-glycol (99.5%) (purchased from Accot.
Journal of Materials Chemistry 17 (2007) 4876- 4884
Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 302 (2006) 190
Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 320 (2008) 1729-1734
Materials Letters 133 (2014) 212-215

This is an important feature since for most engineering materials the crack initiation spends much more fatigue time than the crack propagation, which can be a very quickly time period.
Acknowledgements The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from FCT - Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, through the project PTDC/EMEPME/104404/2008.
Tovo, Estimating fatigue damage under variable amplitude multiaxial fatigue loading, Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures, 34 (2011) 1053-1077
Vantadori, A multiaxial fatigue criterion for random loading, Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures, 26 (2003) 515-522
Nies\lony, Fatigue life calculation by means of the cycle counting and spectral methods under multiaxial random loading, Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures, 28 (2005) 409-420

The unfolding parameters are closely related to the characteristic of material.
To achieve the according 3D unfolding model of special material, the relationship between characteristic of material and geometric representing information is required, which requires access to the fundamental geometric data.
Further more, this method provides the geometric modeling foundation for the further establishing of relationship between the feature modeling and the characteristic of special materials that is confirmed by the designer himself.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the Science and Technology Development Plan Foundation of Shaanxi Province (No. 2011K07-11), Scientific Research Program Funded by Shaanxi Provincial Education Department (Program No. 11JK0864), President Fund of Xi’an Technological University (No.
Zhang: Unfolding Complex Sheet Metal Parts on the Redevelopment Technology of Pro/E, Journal of Engineering Graphics, Vol.26 (2005), p. 157-162

Influence of Gadolinium Addition on Electrochemical Properties of Magnesium Sacrificial Anode Yan Aijun1,a, Feng Lajun2,b, Shen Wenning3,c, Wang Zipeng4,d 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, No.5, Jinhua South Road, Xi'an710048, P.R.China 1Shaanxi Electric Power Research Institute, Xi'an710054, P.R.China 2School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, No.5, Jinhua South Road, Xi'an710048, P.R.China ayanaijun@vip.163.com, bfenglajun@xaut.edu.cn, cshenwenning@qq.com, d252571429@qq.com Keywords: gadolinium; sacrificial anode; Mg-Al-Zn-Y alloy Abstract: According to the low current efficiency of magnesium sacrificial anode, magnesium sacrificial anode material with gadolinium addition was investigated.
The electrochemical properties of the material were measured by constant current method.
Raw materials used in experiments were commerically pure magnesium, aluminium, zinc, the Al-10%Mn master alloy and the Mg-30%Y master alloy.
Effect of rare earth content on Electrochemical Properties of Al-Zn-In-Mg-Ti Magnesium Sacrificial Anode Materials, Journal of Functional Materials, Vol.12(2007), p. 2700-2702 [6]Li Yuanzhen, Wen Jiuba, Zjao Shengli, Ma Jingling, Lu Xianwen.
Comperehensive model for the activation mechanism of Al-Zn alloys produced by indium, Corrosion Science, Vol.47(2005), p. 95

Besides, the modern macromolecular functional materials are synthesized with petrochemical products as the raw materials, which brings about the two difficulties of the shortage of raw materials and environmental pollution to overcome: the first one is the exhaust of material resource day by day, the second one is that all these materials are hard to degrade, which forms a huge hazard to the environment.
What's more, the cellulose has the advantages irreplaceable by other kinds of macromolecular materials namely wide source, renewable, biodegradable.
Experiment sector 2.1 Raw materials and equipments 2.1.1 Raw materials Absorbent cotton (produced by Tongxing Sanitary Materials Factory in Harbin City); Adipic acid; Thionyl chloride; Pyridine; Urea; Epichlorohydrin; dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (Analytical reagent, produced by Tianjin Guangfu Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd.); Cyclohexane (AR, produced by Tianjin Kermel Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.); Acetone; Toluene (AR, produced by Hengxing Tianjin Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.); Sodium hydroxide (AR, produced by Beijing Yili Fine Chemicals Co.Ltd.); Hydrochloric acid (AR, produced by Harbin XInchun Chemical Products Co., Ltd.); Absolute ethanol (AR, produced by Fuyu Fine Chemical Co., Ltd.
Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2008. 112(1-3): p. 351-356
Journal of Dentistry, 2004. 32(7): p. 521-530

Materials and methods Experimental device and raw matters.The experimental device used in this study is a closed composting reactor as shown in Fig. 1.
IRT0853), Baoji University of Arts & Sciences（ZK2559, YK1030).
Jin:Water science and technology, Vol. 53(9) (2006), p. 35-44
[7] Wang Hong-bo,Wang Xiao-chang:Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,Vol.01 (2008), p.97-100,in chinese
[13]Wang Hong-bo,Sun Yan,Wang Xiao-chang:Journal of Safety and Environmental,Vol.02 (2008), p.43-46,in chinese

Materials and methods Porous media.
Geological Science and Technology Information.
Environmental Science and Technology.
Journal of Agro-Environment Science.
Journal of Agro-Environment Science.