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The heating rate was 25°C/min 1.
The heating rate was 50°C/min 1.
Figure 1 shows temperature dependence of Seebeck coefficient of p-type materials.
References [1] D.
Solids Vol. 24 (1963), pp.479

They accomplish this shape memorization via a temperature dependent phase transformation process [1].
Figure 2 Experimental test bench; 1–mass, 2–displacement sensor, 3–Nitinol springs, 4–temperature sensors.
The parameters of the controller are as: = 1, = 0.1, = -0.1 and = 0.1.
References [1] C.
Patoor, Application of Laguerre based adaptive predictive control to shape memory alloy (SMA) actuator, ISA Transactions 52 (2013) 469–479

Introduction Grinding circuit (GC) is one of the most units in mineral material processing [1, 2].
Fig. 1.
The closed-loop matrix can be derived from Fig. 1 as , which reduces to under the condition .
References [1] X.
Stange, “Using artificial neural networks for the control of grinding circuits,” Minerals Engineering, vol. 6, no.5, pp. 479-489, 1993 [4] K.

Micro-defects test simulation analysis and experiment research under alternating electromagnetic excitation Xia Yu 1, a, Weiming Zhang 1,b , Zhongchao Qiu 1,c and Chengfeng Chen1,d 1 School of Mechanical and Vehicular Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing,100081,China a tieyan2@163.com, b zhangwm@bit.edu.cn, c 448347664@163.com, d 719066043@qq.com Key words: Alternating magnetic field, Crack defect, Simulation analysis, Experiment research Abstract.
If there is a defect, the magnetic field distribution disturbance occurs, and the current line will be convergence and deflection at the edge of the defect, as shown in Figure 1.
The quantitative detection of the defect can be achieved through measuring disturbance magnetic field distribution and studying relations with defect sizes [1-3].
In the surface of the tested specimen prefabricates length of 10 mm, width of 0.2 mm, depth of 1 mm crack defect.
Thin-skin analysis technique for interaction of arbitrary shap inducer field with long cracks in ferromagnetic metals：NDT & E International Vol.39 (2004)，p. 471–479

In a typical synthesis, Mn(CH3COO)2 and Na2S2O8 were dissolved at room temperature with a molar ratio of 1:1 in 80 mL deionized distilled water by magnetic stirring to form a homogeneous clear solution.
Table 1 shows the lattice parameters and volumes of the refined structure of the materials.
Table 1.
References [1] M.
Wang, Supression of Jahn-Teller distortion of spinel LiMn2O4 cathode, Journals of Alloys and Compounds 479 (2009) 310-313.

Setlur et al. [1] developed the trajectory tracking controller.
The algorithm can be described as in Table 1.
Table 1: Potential Radius Reference Generator Algorithm Steps Description 1 Load the reference points array and store into array variable in the system
References [1] P.
Zainal, Vehicle path tracking using future prediction steering control, Procedia Eng. 41 (2012) 473-479

Figure.1. shows the arrangement of EDM setup.
Figure.1 Arrangement of EDM setup Ho and Newman (2003) reviewed about research areas involved in thermal erosion process [1].
Table.1. shows the selection of process variables.
References [1] K.H.
Technol. 33 (2007) 474–479.

The elevator should be in the natures of safe comfortable running, high accuracy, etc. [1].
Figure 1.
Space vector diagram of PMSM Axes of Windings A In Figure 1, β is the motor torque angle.
References [1] Liu Meibiao, “An Analysis on the Elevator Faults and Accident Causes,” Electric Age, 2001, 3
[4] Irfan Giiney, Yiiksel z, and Fiisun Serteller, “Dynamic Behaviour Model of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Fed by PWM Inverter and Fuzzy Logic Controller for Stator Phase Current, Flux and Torque Control of PMSM, ” IEEE, 2001, pp.479-485

Figure 1 shows the TGA curves of two samples with different LW content.
Compare with the two TAG curves in figure 1, the lower LW content sample presents larger value.
Figure 1 Thermo gravimetric curve of woodceramics B.
References [1].
Wood and Fiber Science. 2010, 42: 474-479

Figure 1.
References [1] Gupta, N; Balomajumder, Ch and Agarwal, V.K.
Journal of Hazardous Materials 176 (2010) 1–13
International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 19: 479–482
Biodegradation of cyanide containing effluents by Scenedesmus obliguus, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 162 (1), pp 74-79. 2009