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Alavedra, Performance and influence of numerical sub-models on the CFD simulation of free and forced convection in double-glazed ventilated façades, Energy and Buildings, Volume 40, Issue 10, (2008) 1781-1789 [7] Guillermo Quesada, Daniel Rousse, Yvan Dutil, Messaoud Badache, Stéphane Hallé, A comprehensive review of solar facades.

Key words: Numerical simulation, RNG k-ε turbulence model, Integrated Reactor Abstract.
A numerical simulation has been carried out to study the flow field in the two-phase integration of sludge thickening and digestion reactor.
The application of CFD simulations to tanks has also been reviewed by Placek, Tavlarides, Smith, and Fort [8], Kresta and Wood [9], Harris [10], and Vivaldo-Lima, Wood, and Penlidis [11].
The standard k-ε turbulence model that has been commonly used has some deficiencies when it is applied to the simulation of flow impingement and separation [12].

In this study, the high temperature tension tests of refractory metals, 3-D nonlinear numerical simulations and motor firing tests were performed to evaluate structural safety factor of the jet vane.
The magnitude and applied point of concentrated force was obtained from CFD results.
Conclusions To evaluate the safety factor of jet vane system, high temperature tension tests of refractory metals, 3-D nonlinear numerical simulations and motor firing tests are performed and conclusions are obtained as follow. 1) Stress-strain curves of refractory metals are obtained successfully to 2000°C by using normalizing method to perform coupled thermal and mechanical stress analysis. 2) High temperature strength of the shaft which supports most of loads applied to the vane decreases rapidly nearby 1400°C, and above the temperature, it is judged that the shaft can not play a major role of structural member. 3) From the comparison of firing tests and numerical results, it is judged that the total stiffness evaluation criterion using relations between the load and shaft displacement is more useful than using the equivalent stress.

Numerical calculation was done using commercial program in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD).
Numerical simulations were carried out by means of VOF model (1 phase - water, 2 phase – argon).
It can be noticed that the results from numerical simulation coincide with results obtained from physical modelling.
The next stage of research will be concentrated on conducting numerical simulation for 3D geometry.
It is advisable to conduct numerical simulations for the 3D object.

By means of ANSYS, piston finite element model is constructed to attain transient numerical simulation and explore the characteristics of surface temperature.
Finite element numerical simulation technology has gradually becomes the important means for research on engine performance by virtue of its unparalleled advantages over test methods and theoretical analysis [1].
In the simulation calculation, the original empirical formulas have to be modified in accordance with different models.
Thus it may be considered to combine CFD and finite element to find the solution.
At the same time the simulation experiment is conducted by means of finite element model established by Ansys. 　

The investigations make use of commercial CFD software, ANSYS CFX.
Steady state Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) has been used for the simulation involving the Reynolds number, Re = 21,000 at blowing ratios, BR = 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5.

Abstract A numerical simulation of the effect of rotation on mixed convection laminar flow with separation and reattachment length is studied.
A planar mixing layer and a planar wake flow subjected to rigid body rotation were simulated using direct and large eddy simulations performed by Metais et al. (1995).
The two-dimensionalization impact of cyclonic rotation and rapid anti-cyclonic rotation was confirmed by their simulations [4].
Numerical simulations.
Journal of fluid mechanics, 2010. 665: p. 382-417. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022112010004696 [6] Ist NAFEMS Workbook of CFD Examples.

The use of the three-dimensional environment CFD allows us to combine the pyrolysis model with the combustion model in the gas phase and the thermal radiation model for the simulation of the fire development in a small building.
The simulation data show that the model is able to predict the early “inflammation” and “after-the-inflammation” behavior inside the building.
These studies are not only an attempt to combine the simulation of the solid and gaseous phases for construction materials but these are also the platform for the simulation of the fire development at the time of the combustion of the solid flammable materials.
Jia et al., The numerical simulation of the noncharring pyrolysis process and fire development within a compartment.
Korytchenko et al., Numerical simulation of initial pressure effect on energy input in spark discharge in nitrogen.

Also it is figured out that the third (w=2.0D and d=0.75D) and fourth (w=3.0D and d=0.75D) case were more effective than other cases and baseline case and it means the trench depth of 0.75D was the optimum one as well as approved by CFD studies.
Kohli, Experimental Simulation of a Film Cooled Turbine Blade Leading Edge Including Thermal Barrier Coating Effects, J.

This result is similar with the CFD simulation conducted by Jonathan [8].