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IT equipment and systems, housed in data centres, consume a considerable amount of energy.
In this paper, a numerical analysis of flow and temperature distribution of a raised-floor data centre is conducted in order to evaluate the thermal performance of the data centre.
The lower the SHI, the better the performance of the data centres.
As discussed by Fakhim et al. [6], data centre airspace can be divided into two main zones: data centre environment airspace excluding racks (AE), and airflow inside the racks (AR).
It is concluded that CRAC layout in model 11 to achieve an optimum performance in a medium data centre and model 6 leads to a worst performance of the data centre.

The best drag reduction effect has been gotten with appropriate riblet structure size, with the greatest drag reduction efficiency of 9.65%.
When the viscous drag reduction is greater than the pressure drag increment, the total drag is reduced, reaching the drag reduction effect.
The maximum drag reduction rate is 9.65%.
Distribution of down-stream velocity The Figure 4 shows the curves for the distribution of mean velocity near wall when the velocity of the incoming flow is 40m/s, and these data are obtained in the near-wall region at the same point in the y-direction both the smooth surface and the riblet surfaces.
The riblet structure with an appropriate size can achieve the drag reduction in all operating conditions of centrifugal fan, and the maximum drag reduction rate can reach 9.65%, while under the designed flow, the drag reduction rate is 2.96%.

Table 1.Summary of performance of each reduction technique.
Method Number of Species,NS Number of Reactions,NR Overall % of reduction in NS [%] Avg. % of reduction in tc [%] εID,MAX [%] DRG 431 1788 79.62 72.73 15.51 DRGASA 376 1501 82.22 78.18 13.91 DRGEP 375 1454 82.87 81.82 34.46 DRGEPSA 363 1404 82.84 83.33 34.47 Mechanism Reduction Scheme A novel five-stage mechanism reduction scheme which was applicable for large-scale mechanismreduction such as the n-hexadecane mechanism was established and presented in this section.
Superior performance of the new reduction scheme is observed with higher reduction scale and shorter computational runtime of CHEMKIN-PRO simulationsas compared to the reduced mechanisms generated from the DRG-based mechanism reduction techniques.
In this section, the reduced mechanism for diesel surrogate was denoted as NHX.ID timing of the NHX combustion was compared to the experimental data provided by Sandia National Laboratories which served as the benchmark for validation of the developed numerical models. #2 diesel (D2) fuel [11] with a CN of 46 and ID timing of 0.34 mswas selected as the reference fuel in this work.
[3] P.Pepiot and H.Pitsch: Systematic Reduction of Large Chemical Mechanisms (2005)

The experimental data were analyzed and the turbulence intensity and wind reduction ratios for different gaps of the porous fence were calculated to estimate the shelter effect of a non-planar porous fence model.
And because the length of the test section is 1600mm and within the length there is a good shelter effect according to the experimental data.
On the basis of data analysis of mean wind velocity, the following findings can be obtained: ⑴ In the region behind the porous fence models of the present experiment (x/H=13), the porous fences have obvious effect on wind reduction and dust control. ⑵ For the case of the gap ratio G/H=0.15, the shelter effect of the velocity distribution is better than other gap ratios, even is nearly the same as for no gap case (G/H=0). ⑶ The data of mean wind speed in different height indicate that if the height is less than fence height, the effect on wind reduction and dust control is rather obvious, and the wind speed is stable comparatively.
The wind reduction coefficient and the wind reduction ratio were respectively calculated in accordance with the formula (2) and (3).
Cui in measuring the experimental data.

The state value of energy structure evolution (EUSD) greater than 1, if EUSD value increases over time, the energy consumption structure optimization or energy consumption structure will present normal evolution; otherwise, energy consumption structure will appear inferior or negative evolution. 2.2 Data processing and consequence analysis Choosing time-series data which various types of energy consumption and CO2 emission of energy consumption in nationwide or Hebei province between 1980 and 2012, the calculated CO2 emission intensity correlate value ESCE and the state value EUSD of energy consumption structure in nationwide and Hebei province are shown in table 1.
However, the data dropped period again from 2004 to 2007, finally the statistic fluctuating rose between 2008 and 2012; the state value of Hebei’s energy consumption evolution fluctuated between 1.07 and 1.20, inconspicuous interim of evolution process.
According to energy structure—CO2 emission intensity correlate value (ESCE) , first, ESCE value of nationwide and Hebei province appeared general falling trend, and the main driving force isn’t the evolution of energy consumption structure, but the improvement of energy utilization efficiency led by technology progress; Second, compared to the nationwide data Hebei’s ESCE was much greater and decreasing speed was lower than the nationwide average level.
That is a key link of energy-saving and emission-reduction and low carbon economy development.
Goals of energy structure adjustment should be imbedded through mandatory mechanism in low carbon reduction framework, and then through the incentive mechanism, pressure mechanism and supporting mechanisms to ensure the overall realization of the goals that energy saving and emission reduction and structure upgrade, Low carbon policy in Hebei province are basically center on "to achieve energy-saving and emission-reduction targets", relying on administrative commands and rewards and punishment mechanism to urge the achievements of the goals.

Analytical and Finite Element Solution of Tractor Brake Link to Achieve Weight and Cost Reduction G.L.
This reduction in thickness would yield a reduction in weight of link and hence would reduce the cost of link with a saving potential of Rs.14, 40000/= per year considering the fact that 6, 00,000 tractors are sold in India every year.
Based on the above observations cost reduction per year is to be calculated and tabulated.
Fig. 8: Fractured 6 mm thick link Weight reduction is of high importance since reduction in weight of link reduces total weight of the tractor which improves the efficient working of the tractor.
[7] Machine Design data hand book by K Lingaiah

Carbothermal Reduction Synthesis Of Superfined TiC Powders From TiOSO4 Jie Li1, a, Yi Wu2,b , Pengfei Li3,c 1,2,3Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Materials and New Processing Technology of Ministry of Education, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China a43450744@qq.com, b1390209551@qq.com, c376854620@qq.com Keywords: Carbothermal reduction; TiC; Superfine Powders ; TiOSO4 Abstract.
Thermal decomposition of TiSO4, and carbothermal reduction of the mixtures were investigated by using thermogravimetry-differential thermal analyzer and x-ray diffraction analyzer.
Nanostructured TiC was synthesized by methods such as liquid-magnesium reduction of vaporized mixture of TiCl4 and CCl4 solution.
Through solution phase mixing under moderate conditions and subsequent heat treatment at a temperature which was still considerably lower than compared to that used in conventional carbothermal reduction synthesis of TiC.
However, the DSC data indicate that the mixed powder experiences two complete reactions up to 1500˚C.

This paper is based on hot-dip galvanizing annealing production process characteristics, it studied the affection of the annealing process and cold reduction ratio to structural hot-dip galvanizing steel sheets on microstructure and property, assured the optimal annealing process and cold reduction ratio, which has supplied the theoretical guidance and reference data to the industry.
That is recrystallized completely microstructure at 750℃, and the grain about 11.0 grade cold reduction ratio 45%, annealing temperature 750℃ cold reduction ratio 45%, annealing temperature 720℃ cold reduction ratio 45%, annealing temperature 690℃ cold reduction ratio 55%, annealing temperature 750℃ cold reduction ratio 55%, annealing temperature 720℃ cold reduction ratio 55%, annealing temperature 690℃ cold reduction ratio 65%, annealing temperature 750℃ cold reduction ratio 65%, annealing temperature 720℃ cold reduction ratio 65%, annealing temperature 690℃ cold reduction ratio 75%, annealing temperature 750℃ cold reduction ratio 75%, annealing temperature 720℃ cold reduction ratio 75%, annealing temperature 690℃ Fig.1 Effect of cold reduction ratio on microstructure of experimental steel Mechanical properties Hardness The effect of cold reduction ratio on hardness of experimental steel is as Fig.2 .
When the cold reduction ratio was increased, the hardness gradually increase, and the hardness reached the maximum with cold reduction ratio 70% (HRB111.8),so it is to be helpful the precipitation of solid solution carbon under the high cold reduction ratio.
The A80 is high under 75% cold reduction ratio.
Conclusions (1) It is recrystallized completely microstructure under 55% to 75% cold reduction ratio and at 720℃, that is recrystallized completely microstructure at 750℃ under different cold reduction ratio

Before commencing rule discovery, several data mining pre-processing tools are applied to reduce data complexity and controversy as well.
The figure corresponds to sampling rate used in the data acquisition.
To avoid excessive learning time, redundant samples were removed using a cluster-based data reduction method.
We note that the data reduction task was conducted separately for each of the histories.
Of the 393 filtered samples (i.e. outputs of k-means data reduction method), 209 were low damage segments and 184 were high damage segments.

Methodology and Framework Firstly, we estimate the CO2 emission reduction data of the HFCVs through the GREET model developed by Argonne National Laboratory [5].
U.S. had gotten great progress in its commercialization so the experiment data comes from DOE reports.
All the data of the CO2 emission reduction of HFCVs come from four kinds of hydrogen sources [6].
The data obtained by this method are consistent with the recent international study model results.
According to the GREET model and the data in Table 1, combined with existing data and formulas (1), (2) and (3), we can get the data in Table 2.