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Online since: May 2012
Authors: Tao Ma, Jian Wang, Ming Qi Chen, Yan Song, Ping Ma, Ming Hui Jiang
Methodology and Framework
Firstly, we estimate the CO2 emission reduction data of the HFCVs through the GREET model developed by Argonne National Laboratory [5].
U.S. had gotten great progress in its commercialization so the experiment data comes from DOE reports.
All the data of the CO2 emission reduction of HFCVs come from four kinds of hydrogen sources [6].
The data obtained by this method are consistent with the recent international study model results.
According to the GREET model and the data in Table 1, combined with existing data and formulas (1), (2) and (3), we can get the data in Table 2.
U.S. had gotten great progress in its commercialization so the experiment data comes from DOE reports.
All the data of the CO2 emission reduction of HFCVs come from four kinds of hydrogen sources [6].
The data obtained by this method are consistent with the recent international study model results.
According to the GREET model and the data in Table 1, combined with existing data and formulas (1), (2) and (3), we can get the data in Table 2.
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Bin Yang, Jiang Wang, He Yuan Yang, Ling Nian Zeng, Chao Feng, Shi Yu Tan
To better study the vibration reduction of the pavement slab, attenuation rate = (maxim peak - attenuation peak)/(maxim peak) was defined to characterize the attenuation of the pavement slab.
This paper was focused on the vibration reduction effects of the flexible functional layer incorporated with/without the rubber powder.
Tab.1 shows the measured vibration data of the pavement structure.
The vibration of the cement concrete pavement with the flexible functional layer incorporated with rubber was smooth and the vibration reduction effect was apparent.
The pavement structure with rubber powder incorporated flexible functional layer has better vibration reduction performance and greater ability of absorbing impact energy.
This paper was focused on the vibration reduction effects of the flexible functional layer incorporated with/without the rubber powder.
Tab.1 shows the measured vibration data of the pavement structure.
The vibration of the cement concrete pavement with the flexible functional layer incorporated with rubber was smooth and the vibration reduction effect was apparent.
The pavement structure with rubber powder incorporated flexible functional layer has better vibration reduction performance and greater ability of absorbing impact energy.
Online since: June 2012
Authors: Na Su, Feng Feng Liao, Zhe Hui Wu
With the development of the computer science and technology, especially of computer network, there are a mass of data provided for people each moment.
The requirements of data analysis are more and more high due to the rapidly increase of the data.
However various approaches using rough set theory have been proposed to induce decision rules from data sets taking the form of decision systems.
Output: an attribute relative reduction B.
Rough Sets: Theoretical Aspects of Reasoning about Data.
The requirements of data analysis are more and more high due to the rapidly increase of the data.
However various approaches using rough set theory have been proposed to induce decision rules from data sets taking the form of decision systems.
Output: an attribute relative reduction B.
Rough Sets: Theoretical Aspects of Reasoning about Data.
Online since: November 2019
Authors: Anantha G.L. Krishna, K.M. Sathish Kumar
Analytical and Finite Element Solution of Tractor Brake Link to Achieve Weight and Cost Reduction
G.L.
This reduction in thickness would yield a reduction in weight of link and hence would reduce the cost of link with a saving potential of Rs.14, 40000/= per year considering the fact that 6, 00,000 tractors are sold in India every year.
Based on the above observations cost reduction per year is to be calculated and tabulated.
Fig. 8: Fractured 6 mm thick link Weight reduction is of high importance since reduction in weight of link reduces total weight of the tractor which improves the efficient working of the tractor.
[7] Machine Design data hand book by K Lingaiah
This reduction in thickness would yield a reduction in weight of link and hence would reduce the cost of link with a saving potential of Rs.14, 40000/= per year considering the fact that 6, 00,000 tractors are sold in India every year.
Based on the above observations cost reduction per year is to be calculated and tabulated.
Fig. 8: Fractured 6 mm thick link Weight reduction is of high importance since reduction in weight of link reduces total weight of the tractor which improves the efficient working of the tractor.
[7] Machine Design data hand book by K Lingaiah
Online since: December 2011
Authors: Peng Fei Li, Jie Li, Yi Wu
Carbothermal Reduction Synthesis Of Superfined TiC Powders From TiOSO4
Jie Li1, a, Yi Wu2,b , Pengfei Li3,c
1,2,3Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Materials and New Processing Technology of Ministry of Education, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
a43450744@qq.com, b1390209551@qq.com, c376854620@qq.com
Keywords: Carbothermal reduction; TiC; Superfine Powders ; TiOSO4
Abstract.
Thermal decomposition of TiSO4, and carbothermal reduction of the mixtures were investigated by using thermogravimetry-differential thermal analyzer and x-ray diffraction analyzer.
Nanostructured TiC was synthesized by methods such as liquid-magnesium reduction of vaporized mixture of TiCl4 and CCl4 solution.
Through solution phase mixing under moderate conditions and subsequent heat treatment at a temperature which was still considerably lower than compared to that used in conventional carbothermal reduction synthesis of TiC.
However, the DSC data indicate that the mixed powder experiences two complete reactions up to 1500˚C.
Thermal decomposition of TiSO4, and carbothermal reduction of the mixtures were investigated by using thermogravimetry-differential thermal analyzer and x-ray diffraction analyzer.
Nanostructured TiC was synthesized by methods such as liquid-magnesium reduction of vaporized mixture of TiCl4 and CCl4 solution.
Through solution phase mixing under moderate conditions and subsequent heat treatment at a temperature which was still considerably lower than compared to that used in conventional carbothermal reduction synthesis of TiC.
However, the DSC data indicate that the mixed powder experiences two complete reactions up to 1500˚C.
Online since: March 2015
Authors: Xiao Geng Niu, Nan Nan Cao
The state value of energy structure evolution (EUSD) greater than 1, if EUSD value increases over time, the energy consumption structure optimization or energy consumption structure will present normal evolution; otherwise, energy consumption structure will appear inferior or negative evolution.
2.2 Data processing and consequence analysis
Choosing time-series data which various types of energy consumption and CO2 emission of energy consumption in nationwide or Hebei province between 1980 and 2012, the calculated CO2 emission intensity correlate value ESCE and the state value EUSD of energy consumption structure in nationwide and Hebei province are shown in table 1.
However, the data dropped period again from 2004 to 2007, finally the statistic fluctuating rose between 2008 and 2012; the state value of Hebei’s energy consumption evolution fluctuated between 1.07 and 1.20, inconspicuous interim of evolution process.
According to energy structure—CO2 emission intensity correlate value (ESCE) , first, ESCE value of nationwide and Hebei province appeared general falling trend, and the main driving force isn’t the evolution of energy consumption structure, but the improvement of energy utilization efficiency led by technology progress; Second, compared to the nationwide data Hebei’s ESCE was much greater and decreasing speed was lower than the nationwide average level.
That is a key link of energy-saving and emission-reduction and low carbon economy development.
Goals of energy structure adjustment should be imbedded through mandatory mechanism in low carbon reduction framework, and then through the incentive mechanism, pressure mechanism and supporting mechanisms to ensure the overall realization of the goals that energy saving and emission reduction and structure upgrade, Low carbon policy in Hebei province are basically center on "to achieve energy-saving and emission-reduction targets", relying on administrative commands and rewards and punishment mechanism to urge the achievements of the goals.
However, the data dropped period again from 2004 to 2007, finally the statistic fluctuating rose between 2008 and 2012; the state value of Hebei’s energy consumption evolution fluctuated between 1.07 and 1.20, inconspicuous interim of evolution process.
According to energy structure—CO2 emission intensity correlate value (ESCE) , first, ESCE value of nationwide and Hebei province appeared general falling trend, and the main driving force isn’t the evolution of energy consumption structure, but the improvement of energy utilization efficiency led by technology progress; Second, compared to the nationwide data Hebei’s ESCE was much greater and decreasing speed was lower than the nationwide average level.
That is a key link of energy-saving and emission-reduction and low carbon economy development.
Goals of energy structure adjustment should be imbedded through mandatory mechanism in low carbon reduction framework, and then through the incentive mechanism, pressure mechanism and supporting mechanisms to ensure the overall realization of the goals that energy saving and emission reduction and structure upgrade, Low carbon policy in Hebei province are basically center on "to achieve energy-saving and emission-reduction targets", relying on administrative commands and rewards and punishment mechanism to urge the achievements of the goals.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Jin Feng Cao, Xiao Jie Jin, Jia Gang Li, Guang Hai Hu
Basic Theory of Strength Reduction Finite Element Method
Strength reduction FEM combines strength reduction technique with elastic-plastic finite element method.
(2) Where, andare cohesion and internal friction angle in front of the reduction; andare cohesion and internal friction angle after reduction; is strength reduction factor, also known as strength reserve safety factor or slope stability safety factor.
Analysis data of land slope is numerous.
It’s based on the single- channel seismic data and shallow strata data collected from the slope zone of northern South China Sea to obtain a more accurate submarine slope form and shallow strata characteristics and to establish the simplified theoretical slope model (see 2.2).
Therefore, the parameters are obtained by making full use of existing research results of physical and mechanical characteristics of submarine soil in South China Sea, and trough the statistical regression analysis of static sounding data (see 2.3).
(2) Where, andare cohesion and internal friction angle in front of the reduction; andare cohesion and internal friction angle after reduction; is strength reduction factor, also known as strength reserve safety factor or slope stability safety factor.
Analysis data of land slope is numerous.
It’s based on the single- channel seismic data and shallow strata data collected from the slope zone of northern South China Sea to obtain a more accurate submarine slope form and shallow strata characteristics and to establish the simplified theoretical slope model (see 2.2).
Therefore, the parameters are obtained by making full use of existing research results of physical and mechanical characteristics of submarine soil in South China Sea, and trough the statistical regression analysis of static sounding data (see 2.3).
Online since: December 2011
Authors: Zhi Wang Zheng, Li Xiao, Min Li Wang
The cold reduction ratio is one of the main factor of high strength Ti-Nb-IF steel production.
This text studied the affection of the cold reduction ratio on deep-drawing performance of high strength Ti-Nb-IF Steel, and assured the optimal process parameter which has supplied the theoretical guidance and reference data to the industry.
As the cold reduction ratio increasing, the ferrite grains refined.
cold reduction ratio 55% cold reduction ratio 65% cold reduction ratio 75% cold reduction ratio 85% Fig.2 Effect of cold reduction ratio on microstructure of experimental steel Mechanical properties The ReL, Rm and A80 of experimental steel were 322MPa, 412MPa and 9.5%.
The Effect of cold reduction ratio on mechanical property of experimental steel is as Fig.3 to Fig.4.
This text studied the affection of the cold reduction ratio on deep-drawing performance of high strength Ti-Nb-IF Steel, and assured the optimal process parameter which has supplied the theoretical guidance and reference data to the industry.
As the cold reduction ratio increasing, the ferrite grains refined.
cold reduction ratio 55% cold reduction ratio 65% cold reduction ratio 75% cold reduction ratio 85% Fig.2 Effect of cold reduction ratio on microstructure of experimental steel Mechanical properties The ReL, Rm and A80 of experimental steel were 322MPa, 412MPa and 9.5%.
The Effect of cold reduction ratio on mechanical property of experimental steel is as Fig.3 to Fig.4.
Online since: April 2013
Authors: Gerardo Antonio Rosas Trejo, A. Ruíz-Baltazar, Rodrigo Alonso Esparza Muñoz, R. Pérez
Spectroscopy study of silver nanoparticles produced by chemical reduction.
The chemical reduction process was carried out at room temperature.
The absorbance data collected were prepared with AgNO3 reagent grade.
In the case of the reduction performed by using NaBH4, the reduction of Ag ions is carried out instantaneously.
Also in this graph the absorption data of Ag NPs in solutions can be observed.
The chemical reduction process was carried out at room temperature.
The absorbance data collected were prepared with AgNO3 reagent grade.
In the case of the reduction performed by using NaBH4, the reduction of Ag ions is carried out instantaneously.
Also in this graph the absorption data of Ag NPs in solutions can be observed.
Online since: October 2010
Authors: Liang Bo Ji, Yong Zhi Li
So it is a kind of effective means for increasing producing magnesium by silicon-thermo-reduction.
There are numerous applications of ANN in data analysis, pattern recognition and adaptive control.
which need to be optimized as follows[6]: the first is reduction time(t), the second is vacuum degree(P) and the last is average reduction temperature(T).
The experimental samples in Table 1 are utilized as the training and simulating data.
On the interface of predicting the rate of producing magnesium, as shown in Fig.4, the user need to input three processing parameters such as reduction time, vacuum degree and average reduction temperature.
There are numerous applications of ANN in data analysis, pattern recognition and adaptive control.
which need to be optimized as follows[6]: the first is reduction time(t), the second is vacuum degree(P) and the last is average reduction temperature(T).
The experimental samples in Table 1 are utilized as the training and simulating data.
On the interface of predicting the rate of producing magnesium, as shown in Fig.4, the user need to input three processing parameters such as reduction time, vacuum degree and average reduction temperature.