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The proposed equation was successfully applied to oleic acid-water-nitrogen and heptane-nitrogen-water flows in capillaries of two different materials and sizes, with good agreement between experimental and theoretical results.
TheyWe found that microchannel material can affect pressure drop tremendously if the magnitude of surface roughness exceeds the thickness of liquid film present around the gas or liquid slugs or if wettability of the wall material starts to play a role, i.e. so called dry-flow occurs.
Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science. (2002)
Dinaryanto, Khasani, and Indarto, “CFD Studies on the Gas-Liquid plug two-phase flow in a horizontal pipe”, Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2016
Electronic ROTOR Journal, Vol. 1. (2013)

Rowlands4,d 1National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 2University of Southampton, School of Engineering Sciences, Highfield, Southampton, UK 3Stress Photonics Inc., Madison, WI, USA 4University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA akathysjlin@cc.kuas.edu.tw, bs.quinn@soton.ac.uk, cbboyce@stressphotonics.com, drowlands@engr.wisc.edu Keywords: Internal 3-D stresses, thermoelastic stress analysis, grey-field photoelasticity, non-destructive Abstract.
Rowlands, “Hybrid method for stress analysis of finite three-dimensional elastic solids”: International Journal of Solids and Structures, Vol 37 (2000), pp. 2727-2751
Dulieu-Barton, “Evaluation of sub-surface stresses using thermoelastic stress analysis”: Applied Mechanics and Materials, Vol 7-8 (2007), pp. 153-158
Patterson, “Polymer coating as a strain witness in thermoelasticity”: Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design, Vol 33 (1998), pp. 223-232
Fujinami and Y.Kojima, “Experimental stress separation technique using thermoelasticity and photoelasticity and its application to fracture mechanics”: JSME International Journal Series A: Solid Mechanics and Materials Engineering, Vol 47 (2004), pp. 298-304

Other related materials such as amorphous organic thin film 8-hydroxyquinoline zinc [9] with the switching properties, 8-hydroxyquinoline and ferrous load MCM-41 catalyst [10] achieved good catalytic results. 8 - hydroxyquinoline metal complexes in the friction is still not reported.
The reason is: the characteristics of the rare earth elements the 4f electronic structure, as exo electron acceptor, while the occurrence of friction between the particles of the metal and rare earth organic salts of the friction surface chemical reaction, rare earth friction generated in the friction surface diffusion layer, protective metal materials , to improve the hardness of the metal friction pair materials, and rare earth elements in the friction interface penetrate to the steel substrate to change the surface crack propagation resistance and surface stress, wear resistance enhanced.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the Guangdong Natural Science Foundation (04205301).
Journal of the Chinese Rare Earth Society,1998，16(4)：358.
Chemical Research and Application,Vol.1( 2001),p560 (inChinese) [8] Sugiyama K，Yoshimura D，Miyamac T．Appl Phys Lett，Vol.83(1998)，p4928 [9] JunPeng Shi,ZhenChao Wen, ChangAn Song et al. , Journal of Semiconductors ,Vol.26 (2005), p1979 (in Chinese) [10] Chi-biao Liu, Yong-kui Shan，Xiang-guang Yang ，et a1．Journal of Catalysis，Vol.168 (1997)，p.35

Experimental Research on the Change Rule of Frequency of Shale Ceramsite Reinforced Concrete Beam with Damage Weijun Yang1, a, Qiu Kong1, b, Zhouping Yu1, c, Yichun Ren1, d 1Changsha University of Science &Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410114, China a mgbyrh@163.com , bbnntokq@hotmail.com, c 359458668@qq.com , d 83468487@qq.com Key words: shale ceramic concrete; frequency; damage; experiment Abstract：Taking vibration test on 7 shale ceramsite concrete beams and a reinforced concrete beam, collecting the dynamic signals, and modal analyzing it, this paper studies the ceramsite diameter /strength and the injury at all stages impact on the frequency so as to guide the design and construction of shale ceramsite reinforced concrete structures and components.
The reinforcement, section size, span length and clear span of specimens is shown in Fig.1, the design parameters and materials strength of specimens is shown in Table.1 Figure 1 Test beam reinforcement Table1 Properties of concrete material Specimn number Sectional dimension Coarse aggregate size Cylinder compressive strength (MPa) tensile reinforcement Compression Reinforcement Concrete Cubic Anti-pressure ( MPa) LC-1 100×204×2204 5～16 4.490 214 210 32.13 LC-2 100×205×2200 16～19 4.146 214 210 26.31 LC-3 102×205×2200 19～26 3.644 214 210 20.98 LC-4 100×203×2200 5～16 3.533 214 210 25.20 LC-5 102×206×2200 16～19 2.748 214 210 17.62 LC-6 101×202×2198 5～26 3.332 214 210 23.29 LC-7 103×202×2197 16～26 3.973 214 210 21.00 L-8 101×203×2198 5～19 -- 214 210 35.40 Test Method.
References [1] Yang, Weijun; Yang, Yongda; Yang, Yi.Experimental study on frost resistance of the shale ceramsite concrete .Applied Mechanics and Materials, v 117-119, p 1754-1758, 2012, [2] Yang, Weijun; Wang, Peng.Experimental research on compressive strength-size effect of ceramisite concrete.
Advanced Materials Research, v 382, p 361-367, 2012, [3] P.Cawley,R.D.Adams.The location of defects in structure from Measurements of natural frequencies [J].Journal of Strain Analysis，1979,14(2)：49～57 [4] YNarkis.Identification of crack location in vibrating simplysupported beams [J].Journal of Sound and Vibration, 1994,172(4)：549～558 [5] Stubbs N.Global Non-destructive Damage Evaluation in Solids[J].International Journal of Analytical and Experimental Modal Analysis, 1990,5(2)：67～79 [6] Wu X.Use of Neural Networks in Detectionof Structural Damage[J].Computers and Structures,1992,42(4)：649～659 [7] G.Hearn,R.B.Testa.Modal analysis for damage detection in structures.Journal of Structural Engineering.ASCE,1991,117(10)： 3042～3063

There are some factors that not only affect the extracted compounds from plant materials but antioxidant activity as well.
Besides that, solvent used is one of the important factors to extract antioxidant compound in plant materials due to the different antioxidant potential of compound with different polarity.
FRAP assay still can be used for assessment of antioxidant activity in plants materials as humans only absorb limited amount of gluthathione [15].
The Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, 2007,Vol. 11 :269-273
European Journal of Scientific Research, 2009, 28: 471–477

Blunt grits will be more difficult to penetrate into workpiece materials leading to high proportion of rubbing and ploughing in grinding.
The AE signal can easily pick up an event occurs in materials that are related to grinding burn [10].
The experiments aimed to provide grinding AE signatures in relation to grinding temperature on grinding aerospace materials (Inconel 718).
Kohser, Materials and processes in manufacturing. 10th ed. 2007: Wiley
Kannateyasibu, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 1980. 22(5): p. 285-296

Zbib4 1Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China 2Computational Science and Mathematics Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA 3State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials and the Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology, University of Science and Technology, Beijing 100083, China 4School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA aydwang@mail.neu.edu.cn Keywords: TWIP steel; Mechanical twinning; Finite element method; Local stress.
Riedel: Computational Materials Science, Vol. 45 (2009), No.3, p.744-750
Mitsutoshi: Computational Material Science, Vol. 47 (2009), No.2, p.448-455
Holt: Materials Science and Engineering A, Vol. 473, (2008) No.1-2, p.139-146
David: Mechanics of Materials, Vol. 35 (2003), No.3-6, p.295-311

Up to now, the capillary rise method is extensively used to measure the contact angles of small particles and porous materials and its basic theory is Washburn’s equation [4-6].
The materials hereinafter referred as Mt–40, Mt–50, Mt–60, Mt–70 and Mt–80, where the number indicates the lithium fraction used for the preparation of RCMs.
Zhang: Petroleum Science Vol. 8 (2011), p. 463
Anderson: Journal of Petroleum Technology Vol. 39 (1987), p. 1605
Shah: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science Vol. 407 (2013), p. 493

Acknowledgments This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51176067), and the Ph.D.
Benzene: A secondary pollutant formed in the three-way catalyst, Environmental Science and Technology. 39 (2005) 331-338
Non-thermal plasma for diesel exhaust treatment, Journal of Electrostatics. 57 (2003) 251-262
Destruction of acenaphthene，fluorene，anthracene and pyrene by a dc gliding arc plasma reactor, Journal of Hazardous Materials. 180 (2010) 449-455
Simultaneous removals of NOx，HC and PM from diesel exhaust emissions by dielectric barrier discharges, Journal of Hazardous Materials. 166 (2009) 523-530

The material of making chlorine sensor almost contains dyes that can generate nonferrous group after reacting with chlorine and the organic sensitive material that can lead to changes in optical properties after reacting with chlorine.
The classification and application of gas sensor, Science and Technology guide, 2011, pp.37, 70 [2] Xuntao Li, Xianfen Yu, Jiawen Hu, et al.
The design poisonous gases wireless monitoring network, Journal of transducer technology, Vol.23, 2010, pp.888-892 [3] Zhaoming Sun.
Several Important Gas Sensor and Its Development Direction, Journal of North China Institute of Science and Technology, Vol.6, 2009, pp.117-118,122 [5] Xiaomei Wu, Li Li, Junliang Li, et al.
Journal of Braz Computer Society, 2012, 18:19-27 [11] Liu Jia, Lixin Wang.