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In connection with the search for new materials and the more extensive use of metals and alloys with special physical and chemical properties, rare-earth metals (REMs) are attracting increasing interest not only as alloying additives but also as the main components of structural materials.
One of the most important performance properties of alloy structural materials is the vibration damping behavior of alloy.
Al-Fe alloys have attracted much interest as structural materials.
Directory of Open Access Journals. (2011), Vol. 8, №4, pp. 424-431
Experimental acoustic damping properties of materials. // Factsheet NPI Center.

Acknowledgements The authors acknowledge the financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51078350) and the Natural Science Foundation of Shannxi Province (No.
Press of Science (2000).
Press of Science (2007).
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering.
Building Science.

Deng Zhaohui et al. systematically studied the grinding theory and software development of the intelligent simulation system, developed precision grinding process forecasting software for Nano structure ceramic materials and the Camshaft CNC Grinding Process Intelligent Application System based on C++ Builder 6.0 and GLscene.
Wu: Transactions of the ASME Journal of Engineering for Industry Engineering for Industry.
Materials Processing Technology.
Manufacturing Science and Engineering.
Li: Journal of Northeastern University.

C is material parameter describing the fracture onset. 4.
Three independent material parameters D1 – D3 must be identified. 5.
Bai, Calibration and evaluation of seven fracture criteria, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, Vol. 47 (2005), 719-743
Kobayashi, Ductile failure in axisymmetric extrusion and drawing Journal of Engineering for Industry, Vol. 101 (1979), 36–44
Tracey, On the ductile enlargement of voids in triaxial stress fields, Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, Vol. 17 (1969), 201-217

Introduction Concrete is the most widely use scope building materials in the world,freeze-thaw damage is one of the important reason of the concrete durability.Therefore,the research on the freeze-thaw cycle of concrete has important theoretical significance,practical value and economic benefits[1].In recent years, concrete is developing in the direction of green,a lot of mineral admixtures such as slag, silica fume, fly ash, steel slag and limestone powder ,adding in concrete, has played a very good effect.So developing new cementing materials, and carries on the freeze-thaw research is imperative.
Limestone[2] is a kind of easy to get and cheap material,aggregate processing also can bring a lot of limestone powder , if we don't use them, they take up site pile and can cause pollution to the environment.In addition,along with the increase in steel production, steel slag[3] emissions are also increasing year after year, realizing the rational utilization of steel slag resources become the key of the development.If used as supplementary cementious materials, alternative increasingly scarce in the concrete and the relatively expensive silicon powder or slag,it will be of great realistic significance to environmental protection,is one of the important direction of green building materials.
Construction and Building Materials,2011,(25):3508–3519
[4] Shuhua Liu.Influence of Limestone Powder on the Hydration Characteristic of Complex Binder.Journal of Building Materials, 2010,13(2):218-221.
(in Chinese) [5] Jiaying Sun. on the Compressive strength and durability of concrete by steel slag powder,Journal of Building Materials,2005,8(8):63-66.

Propose a method that using a semiconductor laser for a Imaginary benchmark straight line, Adjusting the position of the reference material with the optical system and position-sensitive detectors (PSD) to provide a benchmark for the space coordinate calibration of the gauging stations.
The localization of the standard material surface is completed, start the precise rotary table, rotate the pentagram 45 degrees, the normal incidence of the beam through the standard object surface, the laser beam is used as the basis of the position of the high-speed camera.
A glass material of good transmittance for the use for standard object surface is selected to improve the accuracy of the calibration method, the grid pattern of the standard object surface engraved by a photolithographic technique ensure the inscribe error within micron level.
Journal of Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 2007, 21(5): 537~540
Journal of Ballistics, 2007, 19(2): 5~8

Therefore, a lot of attention has been devoted to the understanding of these phenomena for their future application as sensor materials.
Hence, an investigation of the strength and deformation behavior of defect-free materials at nanometer level greatly facilitates the analysis of nano-components [4].
Young's modulus, E, can be calculated by dividing the tensile stress by the tensile strain on the loading plane along the loading direction in elastic deformation range of materials.
The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 102 (38) 7338-7364
[8] Materials Studio, Materials Studio Help (The Accelrys Software Inc., San Diego, USA. 2007).

As the metal contracts, shrinkage porosity is formed unless new material is supplied in order to compensate for the deficit of material.
Acknowledgement The work has been performed within the subproject High-performing cast iron materials of the research profile CompCAST.
Diószegi, On the Problems of a Migrating Hot Spot, Materials Science Forum 649 (2010) 443-448
Sikora, Examination of the solidification macrostructure of spheroidal and flake graphite cast irons using DAAS and EBSD, Materials Characterization 59 (2008) 1342-1348
Journal of Cast Metals Research 23 no. 2 (2010) 124-129

Experimental section Materials and chemicals S.aizoon was purchased from Hebei and dried in sunshine.
The powder was successively extracted with petroleum ether and ethanol (80%, V/V) using reflux condenser to degrease and remove some colored materials, oligosaccharides and some small moleculematerials[3].
The pre-treated materials were dried at 65℃ and stored in glass dryer prior to the experiments.
Extraction of crudes polysaccharides Polysaccharides extraction by hot water The pretreated materials were extracted at 97℃ for 126 min with ratio of the materials to water 15:1 mL/g.
Shu: Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2007, 23, 75-78(In Chinese)

The electrical resistivity is an effective means to evaluate the microstructure development and transport properties of cementitious materials pastes.
Construction & Building Materials 24.8(2010):1352-1357
Arabian Journal for Science & Engineering 41.12(2016):4799-4808
Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society 34.11(2006):1345-1350
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering15.5(2003):443-451