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Laser assisted turning is an effective method machining difficult-to-machine materials such as ceramics, which uses a high power laser to focally heat a workpiece prior to material removal with a traditional cutting tool.
[3] Tian Y and Shin Y C: Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering Vol.128 (2006) No.2, p. 425-434
[4] Ho C Y, Wen M Y and Ho J E: Journal of Materials Processing Technology Vol.192-193(2007), p. 525-531
[6] Tian Y and Shin Y C: Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering Vol.129 (2007) No.2, p. 287-295
[10] Rebro P A, Shin Y C and Incropera F P: Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering Vol.124 (2002) No.4, p.875-885

Materials and methods We studied alloys containing 20, 30, 40, and 50 vol. % titanium binder, with the maximum hardness HV and density close to that of the monolithic material [5].
The increase in the severity of the friction conditions accompanied by an increase in this ratio leads to an increase in the wear of these hard materials.
The limiting seizure load of the explosion-fabricated materials is substantially higher than that of traditional ones, while the wear is lower by an order of magnitude.
Acknowledgments Financial support was provided by the Russian Science Fund (grant 14-29-00158).
Cebon, Materials engineering, science, processing and design, Oxford, 2007

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As reported in many papers (e.g., [5–8]), the microscale beams may be made of metals, polymer, traditional silicon-based materials or functionally graded materials (FGMs).
Wang, Dynamical behaviors of double-walled carbon nanotubes conveying fluid accounting for the role of small length scale, Computational Materials Science 45 (2009) 584–588
Clarke, Size dependent hardness of silver single crystals, Journal of Materials Research 10 (1995) 853–863
Lam, Strain gradient plasticity effect in indentation hardness of polymers, Journal of Materials Research 14 (1999) 4103–4110
Wang, The size-dependent natural frequency of Bernoulli–Euler micro-beams, International Journal of Engineering Science 46 (2008) 427–437

Materials swelling.
Anisotropy of Surface Roughness due to Materials Crystallography.
Brittle materials present some different characteristics which are not encountered in machining ductile materials.
Lu, "Diamond Turning of Silicon Substrates in Ductileregime," Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol.73, p.42 (1998)
To, "A Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Surface Generation in Diamond Turning of an Al6061/SiCp Metal Matrix Composite," International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, Vol. 43, No. 9, p. 2047 (2001)

Introduction Electrospinning is a plain and wide process for fabrication of an ultrafine fiber from various materials which include polymer, composite and ceramic.
The most preferred fiber/material in various applications is a fiber with a diameter within 10– 1000 nm in scale and soft surface morphology.
Ramkumar, Electrospinning of nanofibers, Journal of applied polymer science 96(2) (2005) 557-569
Al-Hardan, Amperometric room temperature hydrogen gas sensor based on the conjugated polymers of polypyrrole–polyethylene oxide nanofibers synthesised via electrospinning, Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 33(9) (2022) 7068-7078
Misra, Nanofibers: effective generation by electrospinning and their applications, Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 12(1) (2012) 1-25

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This result will play a theoretical guidance for the research of waveguide containing left-handed materials.
It was until the split ring resonator (SRR) medium introduced by Pendry et al. [3] that gave the opportunity to make a material with negative permeability, from which a left-handed medium can be constructed, as Smith et al. demonstrate [4].Since then, “left-handed”materials becomes the hot subject both in experimental and theoretical efforts, as it promises applications on optics, quantum optics, and electromagnetism. [5-8] Compared to traditional medium waveguide, sandwich structured materials made up of usual medium of coat- and substrate- layers and“left-handed”materials of central-layer show peculiar properties in plane guided wave, such as the absence of the fundamental TE modes, mode double degeneracy, and sign varying energy flux.
Acknowledgment This work was financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China under Project number 50061001and 50661001; supported by the Science Foundation of Guangxi Province under Project number 0991026, 0832029, and 0639004.
Observation of the inverse Doppler effect in negative-index materials at optical frequencies[J]. 2011, 5(4): 239-245
Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter. 1998, 10(22): 4785

While the cost of virgin thermoplastic materials is increasing, the collection of plastic packaging materials through recycling programmes is growing rapidly.
Materials Woodfibres (pinus radiata) were supplied by the Forest Research Institute in Rotorua, New Zealand.
Rohtagi: Journal of Materials Science Vol. 23 (1988), p. 381
Gassan: Progress in Polymer Science Vol. 24 (1999), p. 221
Maxwell: SPE Journal Vol. 26 (1970), p. 48

“Surface Engineering of Nanostructured Energy Materials.”
Journal of Hazardous Materials Advances 8 (2022): 100156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hazadv.2022.100156. ] observed that TiO2 and ZnO etc.
Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology 106, no. 1 (2023): 199–214. https://doi.org/10.1007/s1bb0971-022-06000-x ].
Optical Materials 145 (2023): 114485. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2023.114485. ], which exhibited superior performance in photocatalysis compared to both the standalone ferrite and MXene materials.
Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 452 (2018): 380–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm. 2018.01.001. ] Mg0.4Ni0.6Fe2O4 combustion MB Visible light 86% (60 min) [[] Mostafa, Nasser Y., Z.