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Online since: July 2011
Authors: Cheng Jun Liu, Mao Fa Jiang, Jian Huang, Yi Min
The reduction process is a typical metal-slag interface reaction.
Molten slag structure In the micro-carbon Cr-Fe alloy production, the effective reductive constituent is Si of silicochromium alloy, the reduction reaction can be express as equation (1) and (2), with the reduction of FeO and Cr2O3, the concentration of SiO2 increased gradually.
Results and Discussion According to equations (4), (5), (9) and the data in table 2, the diffusion coefficients of and can be calculated.
Fig.1 is the variation of viscosity, diffusion diameter and diffusion coefficient of and with Cr2O3 reduction rate at 1873K.
The reduction of Cr2O3 is a typical metal-slag interface reaction, the reaction process can be described with Fig.2.
Online since: July 2008
Authors: Michael Modigell, Lars Pape, Roberto Roberti, Annalisa Pola
To confirm the calculated data, the melting process of the alloys was experimentally studied via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis, performed with a TA Instrument Q600 apparatus equipped with Universal Analysis 2000 software.
Anyhow, the lower silver content results in a subsequent reduction in feedstock material costs.
Sample A Sample B Liquidus T° 630 628 Eutectic T° 576 569 36% of Fs 612 611 47% of Fs 604 602 Sample A Sample B Liquidus T° 630.5 630 Eutectic T° 576 564 Calculated data Measured data Tab.
The curves reveal that the reduction of the viscosity due to hardening elements (sample B) is in the range of 50%.
Investigations with lower solid fraction of 36% show similar results. 0 5 10 15 20 0 50 100 150 200 250 shear rate [1/s] viscosity [Pa s] 0 0,25 0,5 0,75 1 viscosity reduction (ηηηηA - ηηηηB)/ηηηηA [-] sample A 47% sample B 47% viscosity reduction 1 1,2 1,4 1,6 0 5 10 15 20 time [s] normalized viscosity ηηηηscale = ηηηη/ηηηηequ [-] sample A, d = 185µm sample B, d = 185µm Fig. 5: Equilibrium flow curves (fs = 47%) for sample A and B showing reduction in viscosity of ~ 50% (left); Normalized viscosity at 200 1/s for 47% solid fraction (right); all data extracted from figure 3 right The similarity in time-dependent behavior mentioned above can be seen more clearly on the right side of figure 5.
Online since: May 2020
Authors: Yuliia B. Egorova, Lyudmila V. Davydenko, I.M. Mamonov
Results and Discussion Step one was to statistically process data on the chemical composition and mechanical properties of bars, see Table 1.
Considerable data scatter in the diagrams is due to neglect of other factors in the analysis.
Transition from globular structure to lamellar structure was associated by a ~90 MPa reduction in the tensile strength and a ~10% reduction in the reduction of area.
Statistical tests of production data have been used to analyze the correlations of mechanical properties, chemical composition, and structure of annealed rolled VT6 bars 16 to 150 mm in diameter. 2.
A Layman’s Introduction to Data Mining in STATISTICA (Populyarnoye vvedeniye v sovremenny analiz dannykh v systeme STATISTICA).
Online since: April 2011
Authors: Pan Daru, Zhang Han
Introduction Network coding is a technique that successfully increases throughput and reliability by mixing together data from different sources and broadcasting the coded data.
We modify the DATA headers of the existing 802.11 MAC Specifications.
Total number of data packet transmissions Fig 4 compares the “Total number of data packet transmissions” of the proposed algorithm with simulated MORE-M and traditional multicast tree algorithm in 10 different scenarios.
The “Total number of data packet transmissions” refers to the total number of data packets broadcasted by the source and the forwarding nodes.
Fig.4 shows that the proposed algorithm needs fewer data packet transmissions than MORE-M and the traditional multicast tree.
Online since: September 2023
Authors: Oscar Rodríguez-Alabanda, Guillermo Guerrero-Vacas, Francisco Comino, Juan Carlos del Rey, Esther Molero
The Table 2 shows all the numerical data to perform the proposed adjustment by least squares.
Consequently, the value of C has been calculated from the Equation (9), that has been implemented with the yield limit (σY) data obtained at the lower strain rate ε = 0.000520833 s-1 that has been implemented in the tensile tests (lower testing speed).
Numerical data to perform adjustment by least squares.
The sequence object of study has been commercially proposed by the machine manufacturer, ZT-Italy [10], providing us the technical data with the technological capacities of the industrial wiredrawing machine regarding to in terms of force (Fd) and power (P) capacities, as shown in Table 3.
Technical data of the industrial draft proposed by ZT-Italy company.
Online since: June 2015
Authors: Tibor Bedő, Luca Dana Motoc
Data processing and comparison further contribute to expand knowledge and appropriate personal database aiming material design, manufacturing error minimization and cost reduction.
The results can be exploited in manufacturing cost reduction while tailoring polymer based composite architectures for various structural applications.
Experimental plotted data corresponds to the second thermal runs.
Online since: August 2011
Authors: Wei Zhang, Wei Jia Zhou, Xiao Yuan Liu
Fault detection based on TLLE TLLE cannot compare the projection data with the original data like PCA.
But after the projection, TLLE can keep the topological structure of the original data as well as the similarity of normal data and illed data.
Therefore, we can perform fault detection by computing the inter-class distance between the testing data and the training data[5][6].
After have been projected to the feature space, the distance between the testing data and training data can be computed.
Thus, we can get the similarity of the testing data and training data.
Online since: January 2014
Authors: Ji Wei Huang, Hai Tao Lin, Xin Xia Yue, Xin Long Ling, Fang Jiang
Through fuzz mathematics method, the optimum treating condition of cashmere for potassium permanganate was got: temperature 50℃, time 20min, potassium permanganate 3g/L, pH 3; Through the fiber whiteness based on test result, optimum reduction conditions after potassium permanganate treatment was as following: Temperature 45℃, time 10min, sodium sulfite 30g/L, HAc 2%.
The inspection target value is in the scope [0, 1] for Fuzzy statistical table request, therefore needs to transform measured data in experiment's index to the corresponding index membership through the fuzz mathematics method.
Transform measured data in experiment's index to the corresponding index membership through the fuzz mathematics method is according to the equation (2): (2) Where is the number of evaluating indicator, is the number of experiment, is the actual value of ’s testing plan and ’s evaluating indicator; is the ’s moderate value of evaluating indicator; is efficiency indicators, namely the value is the bigger the better, is appropriate indicators, namely the value is the closer the better moderate value.
Table3 The fuzzy statistical of experimental result Experim-ental number Felting ball volume Single fiber strength 1 0.678 1.897 0.815 2 0.777 0.812 0.763 3 0.948 0.749 0.755 4 0.811 0.745 0.805 5 0.958 0.793 0.930 6 0.678 1 0.838 7 0.882 0.730 0.934 8 0.609 0.968 0.904 9 1 0.880 0.758 Horizontal average value matrix of each factor according to the equation (3): (3) Where ; is the transformation value of observed value and the th different factor's level’s corresponds data.
Through the fiber whiteness based on test result, optimum reduction conditions after potassium permanganate treatment was as following: Temperature 45℃, time 10min, sodium sulfite 30g/L, HAc 2%.
Online since: January 2014
Authors: Jun Yang, Shi Yue Fang
Study on the unique activity rules of earthquake induced by coal mining(EICM) is the foundation of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction.
Based on the record data of EICM in northern Shaanxi from 2009 to 2012,the time-space distribution rules of seismic events is investigated by statistical methods; the trend of activities is predicted by analysis of magnitude-frequency relationship and creep curves sequence of EICM; the formation mechanics is discussed by using energy principle, the results show that: the corresponding relationship between EICM and on-site mining activity patterns is obvious, with the coal mining scale and depth increasing, EICM is inevitable, caused by the roof fall collapse, its intensity (the maximum magnitude of possible is 4.4) and frequency will increase further in the next period of time.
Establish small-scope monitoring network of collapse earthquake to observe and forecast EICM, research on the response mechanism and exploitation, through improved mining methods, optimizing distribution and mining sequence, limiting mining, combined with softening by the water, pressure relief by the borehole and induced blasting can achieve the goal of EICM prevention and disaster reduction, can give a technical support to establish a long-term regulatory mechanism on environmental protection and sustainable development of the energy economy in northern shaanxi.
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Guang Tian, Hao Tian, Guang Sheng Liu, Jin Hui Zhao, Li Ping Luo
It is based on indistinguishability relation, when processing information, it can reduce the data and get the minimum expression of knowledge and it doesn’t lose the key information.
will be an a large numeric value when the energy is large, this will bring on some inconvenient when doing data analysis.
We acquired 30 group data, and 20 of them used for training data, 10 group used for experiment data.
Using the extraction characteristic parameter, set the roll bearing training sample data, shown in Table 1.
Rough sets only can process discrete attribute value, but the original compound-fault attribute value is continuous, so the data must be discretized.
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