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Online since: January 2005
Authors: R.P. Marathe, K. Mantri
Langmuir isotherm fits well to the experimental equilibrium data.
In addition, equilibrium data for nitrogen on a commercially available zeolite sample (RS-10 from UOP Inc.) at 274.15 K are also included in the figure or comparison.
Equilibrium isotherm parameters obtained by fitting the experimental data with Langmuir model are tabulated in Table 1.
Table 1 gives the isotherm parameters obtained by non linear regression of the data.
The equilibrium data is represented well by the Langmuir model.
In addition, equilibrium data for nitrogen on a commercially available zeolite sample (RS-10 from UOP Inc.) at 274.15 K are also included in the figure or comparison.
Equilibrium isotherm parameters obtained by fitting the experimental data with Langmuir model are tabulated in Table 1.
Table 1 gives the isotherm parameters obtained by non linear regression of the data.
The equilibrium data is represented well by the Langmuir model.
Online since: February 2012
Authors: Hu Hu, Xin Tian, Li Hong Han, Bin Chen
Data transmission: upon the data acquisition and storage, the quantity of data is small, so they can be transmitted into the client unit by directly using the form of command transmission.
Among the energy saving and consumption reduction measures, electric energy saving is the most convenient with the lowest cost.
b) Wrote and debugged the data acquisition and data transmission software.
It is found in the practical use and testing that the system can timely, accurately and perfectly collect data, operate reliably and remain open and flexible in the aspect of data acquisition and transmission as well as data process and storage.
The electricity-use monitoring data platform established with this system can obtain the energy consumption state of the monitoring equipment in real time, master the data resources in the use of electricity and provide rich data materials for energy inspection and adequate data supports for energy saving and consumption reduction.
Among the energy saving and consumption reduction measures, electric energy saving is the most convenient with the lowest cost.
b) Wrote and debugged the data acquisition and data transmission software.
It is found in the practical use and testing that the system can timely, accurately and perfectly collect data, operate reliably and remain open and flexible in the aspect of data acquisition and transmission as well as data process and storage.
The electricity-use monitoring data platform established with this system can obtain the energy consumption state of the monitoring equipment in real time, master the data resources in the use of electricity and provide rich data materials for energy inspection and adequate data supports for energy saving and consumption reduction.
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Wei Mo, Rui Han, Ri Xue Jin
Share it through Autodesk BIM360 Glue cloud database, real-time data download and update in Ipad mobile terminal.
Through the collation of relevant data, BIM technology can assist the development and construction unit to compared with the main economic indicators project.
The model data will be updated with the progress of the project, to ensure the accuracy of the information.
In a timely manner it helps to update data, locate on the hidden project positioning, do disassembly and maintenance through the BIM360 Field client. 6.
Promoting design and construction efficiency by the data processing and analysis, we could avoid the design defects, pollution and waste of construction.
Through the collation of relevant data, BIM technology can assist the development and construction unit to compared with the main economic indicators project.
The model data will be updated with the progress of the project, to ensure the accuracy of the information.
In a timely manner it helps to update data, locate on the hidden project positioning, do disassembly and maintenance through the BIM360 Field client. 6.
Promoting design and construction efficiency by the data processing and analysis, we could avoid the design defects, pollution and waste of construction.
Online since: October 2013
Authors: Yu Zhang, Shi Wen Liu, Ding Fang Chen, Yi Bin He, Bing Kuan Yang
Lightweight is an important means of energy conservation and emissions reduction, In recent years, the development and popularization of computer, for lightweight design of mechanical product structure provides a convenient.
Box thickness design always uses the analogy method, carries on the comparison to similar products, with reference to the designer's experience and design manual data provides the empirical data, determine the thickness of box, rib plate and the bottom plate of the layout and structure parameters [5].
Fig.2 Stress change nephogram Fig .2 Displacement change nephogram The experimental data analysis The finite element analysis result data of changing the structure of the different size as below: Table 1 Only rid plate angle changes Table 2 Only rid plate thickness changes α max stress ( N/m2) max displacement (mm) 10° 108380488 6.416e-002 15° 114262112 5.231e-002 20° 118356848 4.438e-002 a1(mm) max stress (N/m2) max displacement (mm) 16 121928040 5.270e-002 20 118356848 4.438e-002 24 88910760 3.811e-002 Table 3 Only box thickness changes Table 4 Rid plate angle and box thickness all change a2(mm) max stress ( N/m2) max displacement (mm) 5 110677928 6.816e-002 8 108380488 6.416e-002 α a2(mm) max stress ( N/m2) max displacement (mm) 15° 5 133223248 5.367e-002 20° 8 118356848 4.438e-002 Table 5 Rid plate angle and thickness all change Table 6 Only bottom plate changes α a1(mm) max stress ( N/m2) max displacement (mm) 10° 10 171076544
Through research on gear reducer box structure finite element, analyze the data obtained from finite element analysis and calculation comparison, it can be concluded that: (1)The thickness of the bottom plate does not affect the stress and deformation of box structure; (2) Change the angle and thickness of the rid plates (that is, the overall size) at the same time, The change range of the stress and deformation of the box structure is the largest, other structural changes relative to change in size is not so big, so considering the reducer box practical situation, if the size satisfy the requirement of stress and deformation, choose the structure of the small size; (3)When box thickness in using selection is smaller than the traditional, to reduce the deformation increase caused by the reducer box thickness decrease ,it can be solved by use larger rid plate angle
Welded Structure CAD of Heavy Reduction [4] Cylinder Gear Box [J].Journal Of Xi’an JiaoTong University.1994.7, 28(4)P103-107
Box thickness design always uses the analogy method, carries on the comparison to similar products, with reference to the designer's experience and design manual data provides the empirical data, determine the thickness of box, rib plate and the bottom plate of the layout and structure parameters [5].
Fig.2 Stress change nephogram Fig .2 Displacement change nephogram The experimental data analysis The finite element analysis result data of changing the structure of the different size as below: Table 1 Only rid plate angle changes Table 2 Only rid plate thickness changes α max stress ( N/m2) max displacement (mm) 10° 108380488 6.416e-002 15° 114262112 5.231e-002 20° 118356848 4.438e-002 a1(mm) max stress (N/m2) max displacement (mm) 16 121928040 5.270e-002 20 118356848 4.438e-002 24 88910760 3.811e-002 Table 3 Only box thickness changes Table 4 Rid plate angle and box thickness all change a2(mm) max stress ( N/m2) max displacement (mm) 5 110677928 6.816e-002 8 108380488 6.416e-002 α a2(mm) max stress ( N/m2) max displacement (mm) 15° 5 133223248 5.367e-002 20° 8 118356848 4.438e-002 Table 5 Rid plate angle and thickness all change Table 6 Only bottom plate changes α a1(mm) max stress ( N/m2) max displacement (mm) 10° 10 171076544
Through research on gear reducer box structure finite element, analyze the data obtained from finite element analysis and calculation comparison, it can be concluded that: (1)The thickness of the bottom plate does not affect the stress and deformation of box structure; (2) Change the angle and thickness of the rid plates (that is, the overall size) at the same time, The change range of the stress and deformation of the box structure is the largest, other structural changes relative to change in size is not so big, so considering the reducer box practical situation, if the size satisfy the requirement of stress and deformation, choose the structure of the small size; (3)When box thickness in using selection is smaller than the traditional, to reduce the deformation increase caused by the reducer box thickness decrease ,it can be solved by use larger rid plate angle
Welded Structure CAD of Heavy Reduction [4] Cylinder Gear Box [J].Journal Of Xi’an JiaoTong University.1994.7, 28(4)P103-107
Online since: April 2014
Authors: Ming Yuan Huang, Te Jen Su, Jui Chuan Cheng, Xun Xain Zhan
The program tracking mode needs no highly precision tracking system but depends on a two-line element set (TLE) data format specified by North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) that can be used by the SGP4 models to forecast and produce the antenna pointing coordinates, which is more economical and efficacious.
By tracking the TLE data of FORMOSAT-2 satellite, the experimental results have proven the better performance and feasibility of the proposed PSO-PI satellite antenna controller.
In Fig. 3, is the error between ephemeris TLE data and plant angular, PSO is adopted for variable selection and optimization for the parameters kp and ki of PI controller [7].
Pointing coordinate of three axes testing results Pointing coordinate Axis Maximum Positive Error Maximum Negative Error Position Control Elevation 0.481º -0.272º Azimuth 0º -1.398º Vertical TLE Data (75.556º), Mechanism (75.828º) Speed Control Elevation 0.159º -0.258º Azimuth 0.454º -0.249º Vertical TLE Data (102.48º), Mechanism (102.371º) PSO-PI Control Elevation 0.052º -0.052º Azimuth 0.22º -0.252º Vertical TLE Data (102.48º), Mechanism (102.448º) 4(a).
Although this research mainly depends on TLE data for tracking satellite, but it provides a simple and economical method to capture targets with high accuracy.
By tracking the TLE data of FORMOSAT-2 satellite, the experimental results have proven the better performance and feasibility of the proposed PSO-PI satellite antenna controller.
In Fig. 3, is the error between ephemeris TLE data and plant angular, PSO is adopted for variable selection and optimization for the parameters kp and ki of PI controller [7].
Pointing coordinate of three axes testing results Pointing coordinate Axis Maximum Positive Error Maximum Negative Error Position Control Elevation 0.481º -0.272º Azimuth 0º -1.398º Vertical TLE Data (75.556º), Mechanism (75.828º) Speed Control Elevation 0.159º -0.258º Azimuth 0.454º -0.249º Vertical TLE Data (102.48º), Mechanism (102.371º) PSO-PI Control Elevation 0.052º -0.052º Azimuth 0.22º -0.252º Vertical TLE Data (102.48º), Mechanism (102.448º) 4(a).
Although this research mainly depends on TLE data for tracking satellite, but it provides a simple and economical method to capture targets with high accuracy.
Online since: May 2019
Authors: Manoj D. Nikam, Dipak Shimpi, Sachin A. Mastud, Kiran Bhole
It has been reported that appropriate surface modifications (surface dimples) leads to dramatic reduction in friction co-efficient.
For these dimples, friction reduction results were best for Elliptical dimples followed by square and circular dimples [2].
Machine is attached with a data acquisition system and WINDUCOM 2010 software which gives result values and graphs.
In presence of lubricated conditions, a significant reduction in wear parameter of about 60 to 70 percent has been observed.
In case of dry conditions testing, it is observed that maximum reduction in COF was observed for LST discs having dimple area of 0.01 mm2 and maximum reduction in wear parameter was observed for LST discs having dimple area of 0.09 mm2.
For these dimples, friction reduction results were best for Elliptical dimples followed by square and circular dimples [2].
Machine is attached with a data acquisition system and WINDUCOM 2010 software which gives result values and graphs.
In presence of lubricated conditions, a significant reduction in wear parameter of about 60 to 70 percent has been observed.
In case of dry conditions testing, it is observed that maximum reduction in COF was observed for LST discs having dimple area of 0.01 mm2 and maximum reduction in wear parameter was observed for LST discs having dimple area of 0.09 mm2.
Online since: August 2012
Authors: Zhao Peng Ni, Pei Fang Qiu
The study has provided necessary knowledge and experimental data for the determination of fire-resistance performance of glulam beams in the fire code of China.
In order to apply innovative technologies and materials to address climate change in building energy efficiency and carbon emission reduction, MOHURD and the Ministry of Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), the Ministry of Forests and Range of British Columbia, Canada (BC Ministry of Forests) signed an MOU on the application of modern wood frame technology in building energy efficiency and carbon emission reduction.
It has been expected that these tests would provide necessary knowledge and experimental data for the determination of fire-resistance performance of beams in Code of Design on Building Fire Protection and Prevention[1]. 1 Fabrication and material Different cross-sectional glulam beams have been selected.
The furnace temperature and the deformation of the beam were recorded at 1 minute intervals through computer data acquisition system and the pressure inside the furnace was recorded at 5-minute intervals. 2.4 Test results.
The data obtained from these tests will provide necessary knowledge and experimental data for the determination of fire-resistance performance of beams in the current national standard Code of Design on Building Fire Protection and Prevention. 5.
In order to apply innovative technologies and materials to address climate change in building energy efficiency and carbon emission reduction, MOHURD and the Ministry of Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), the Ministry of Forests and Range of British Columbia, Canada (BC Ministry of Forests) signed an MOU on the application of modern wood frame technology in building energy efficiency and carbon emission reduction.
It has been expected that these tests would provide necessary knowledge and experimental data for the determination of fire-resistance performance of beams in Code of Design on Building Fire Protection and Prevention[1]. 1 Fabrication and material Different cross-sectional glulam beams have been selected.
The furnace temperature and the deformation of the beam were recorded at 1 minute intervals through computer data acquisition system and the pressure inside the furnace was recorded at 5-minute intervals. 2.4 Test results.
The data obtained from these tests will provide necessary knowledge and experimental data for the determination of fire-resistance performance of beams in the current national standard Code of Design on Building Fire Protection and Prevention. 5.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Yong Huang, Yi Ge Du, Ai Guo Zhou, Xin Li
The flood prevention standard of the river channel is designed to prevent 50-year flood according to the local meteorological and hydrological data.
Designing Flood The rate of the flood peak can be calculated as follows: (1) where, S: rain force which is related to the storm reduction index n and the confluence duration, m: confluence parameter, θ: parameter which is related to the drainage basin features, u: average loss rate of the runoff period, K1, K2, K3, and K4: functions of the storm reduction index n.
The parameters in the formula can be calculated as follows: Storm reduction index n and rain force S.
The storm reduction index n of the drainage basin is 0.65 according to the "Hubei Hydrological Manual".
It is not necessary to buy stones from other places at high prices, which realizes the reduction and resource utilization of solid wastes in the mining area and reduces the total cost of the project.
Designing Flood The rate of the flood peak can be calculated as follows: (1) where, S: rain force which is related to the storm reduction index n and the confluence duration, m: confluence parameter, θ: parameter which is related to the drainage basin features, u: average loss rate of the runoff period, K1, K2, K3, and K4: functions of the storm reduction index n.
The parameters in the formula can be calculated as follows: Storm reduction index n and rain force S.
The storm reduction index n of the drainage basin is 0.65 according to the "Hubei Hydrological Manual".
It is not necessary to buy stones from other places at high prices, which realizes the reduction and resource utilization of solid wastes in the mining area and reduces the total cost of the project.
Online since: December 2023
Authors: Rina Heu, May Phue Wai, Leanggek Menh, Bovathanak Leng, Chheng Im Si
As levels were found to be extremely high based on the observed data; the risk of identifying arsenic concentrations that are undesirable (>50 ppb) in tube wells is estimated to be 81% [2].
The arithmetic mean, standard deviation, and minimum and maximum values were calculated for all data sets.
Student’s t-test (two tailed) was used to determine whether BSF and MBSF data were significantly different from each other or not.
There was no significantly different in turbidity reduction in both filter (p=0.83).
While in MBSF, 58.69% of E. coli reduction was observed.
The arithmetic mean, standard deviation, and minimum and maximum values were calculated for all data sets.
Student’s t-test (two tailed) was used to determine whether BSF and MBSF data were significantly different from each other or not.
There was no significantly different in turbidity reduction in both filter (p=0.83).
While in MBSF, 58.69% of E. coli reduction was observed.
Online since: October 2018
Authors: A.R. Mukhtarova, Ruslan R. Safin, Elena A. Beliakova
The obtained data on changes in wood density show that at increasing the average density of the material, there is a reduction in the density of its central layers that is explained by impregnation of the surface layers of wood with wood agent.
The obtained data of changes in the average density of wood (taking into account the impregnation of the treatment agent) and the density of the inner layers of wood (excluding layers impregnated with the treatment agent) allow us to conclude that thermal modification in liquids has a direct influence on the change in wood density (Fig. 3).
The obtained data shows that with increasing treatment temperature and decreasing the density of material there are an increase of flow of volatiles at the stage of vacuum processing, resulting in a lower rate of creation of vacuum in the apparatus and the intensity of the mode of the vacuum system.
The experimental kinetic curves of steam consumption during the cooling process in the dependence on different specific surface of the material (Fig. 5) show that flow of steam is more uniform in character throughout the cooling phase with the reduction of the specific surface of the material.
Conclusion It may be concluded from the researches that: thermal modification of wood in liquids is advisable to apply for hard wood with greater density and smaller impregnation that allows us to reduce the consumption of the treatment agent and to avoid large losses of material during subsequent machining; while simultaneous heating of the liquid and the material placed in it there is the uniform heat treatment over the cross section of the material; the higher the processing temperature, the more intense reduction in the density structure of the material; the steam consumption during the cooling phase of the heat-treated wood increases with increasing specific surface of the material.
The obtained data of changes in the average density of wood (taking into account the impregnation of the treatment agent) and the density of the inner layers of wood (excluding layers impregnated with the treatment agent) allow us to conclude that thermal modification in liquids has a direct influence on the change in wood density (Fig. 3).
The obtained data shows that with increasing treatment temperature and decreasing the density of material there are an increase of flow of volatiles at the stage of vacuum processing, resulting in a lower rate of creation of vacuum in the apparatus and the intensity of the mode of the vacuum system.
The experimental kinetic curves of steam consumption during the cooling process in the dependence on different specific surface of the material (Fig. 5) show that flow of steam is more uniform in character throughout the cooling phase with the reduction of the specific surface of the material.
Conclusion It may be concluded from the researches that: thermal modification of wood in liquids is advisable to apply for hard wood with greater density and smaller impregnation that allows us to reduce the consumption of the treatment agent and to avoid large losses of material during subsequent machining; while simultaneous heating of the liquid and the material placed in it there is the uniform heat treatment over the cross section of the material; the higher the processing temperature, the more intense reduction in the density structure of the material; the steam consumption during the cooling phase of the heat-treated wood increases with increasing specific surface of the material.