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Owning to the forming of keyhole in the material, the input laser energy is almost 100% absorbed.
The relation between wavelength and materials were illustrated in reference [4].
Steen: Laser Materials Processing, Springer, London (2003)
Steen: Journal of Applied Physics.
Li: Japanese Journal of Applied Physics.

The material of guide plate used to be producted with the material of surface spraying on chilled iron, high wear-resisting low-carbon martensite alloy, high chromium cast iron, etc[2,3,4].
So high chromium cast iron producted through cast-penetrated method used to be under the favour of scientific research personnel as the material for guide plate studying.
The aim of study is to investigate the effects and the mechanisms of namo TiN on the superficial alloy layer. 1.The experiment method Choose high carbon ferrochrome powder and nano TiN powder as input material.
Joumal of Materials Science Letters Vol. 16(13) (1997-1998), p. 1179-1181 [2] Mechel: Surface Alloying the Operating Layer of Moulds J.
Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica Vol. 1(2005) [4] GuirongYANG,Yuan HAO,Wenming SONG,Jinjun Lu,Ying MA: Surface compositefabricated by bacuum infiltration casting technique J.Journal of University of Science and Technology Vol. 12(5) (2005) [5] Youping Ma, Feng Zhao, Jingyu Pan, Yugao Liu: Study on carbides growth mechanism and influencing factors of hypereutectic high chromium white cast irons J.Shanghai Metallurgical Research Institute (2000)

Owing to its unique properties and wide engineering applications, magnetorheological fluids (MRF) has become a hot study area in the field of smart materials.
Introduction Magnetorheological fluids (MRF) is a kind of smart material whose behavior can be regulated, it is a stable suspension formed from non-colloidal particles being dispersed into insulating carrier medium whose rheological behavior can be controlled by changing external magnetic field [1].
In this set-up, the crystal detector needs to satisfy square detection such that detection current can represent relative power; a galvanometer is used for measuring output power of reflection-type resonant cavity with its range 0~200 μA; the frequency of microwave is measured by direct-reading frequency meter; when measure microwave by crystal detector, in order to obtain higher detection efficiency, the detector is always equipped with an adjustable short-circuiting piston, adjusting its position can locate detector tube at the antinode of microwave, thus it should be noted to adjust its position when frequency is changed so as to make detector tube always located at that place; some medium or absorbing materials which can greatly absorb microwave energy are loaded into waveguide as matched load, it can almost absorb all the incident power; a container used for containing MRF is made up of plastic sheet (length 3.919cm, width 2.086cm, height 0.942cm, thickness 0.107cm).
Acknowledgement The authors are grateful for the financial support from natural science foundation of Hubei Province (No. 2007ABA086).
Kordonsky: Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures Vol. 7 (1996), p. 123 [2] Jijun Fan, Xiaoping Zhao, Xiuming Gao, Changnian Cao: J.

Introduction The investment on infrastructure systems (such as reservoirs, bridges, pipelines, airports) usually represents the progress of civilization and their quality reflects the advances in engineering science and technology [7-16].
Schematic of the problem Suggested material prosperities are given in Table 1.
Material properties of the beam Physical parameters Cantilever beam Piezoelectric(PVDF): sensor Length(m) lb=1 (m) lp =0.1(m) Width(m) b=0.1(m) b=0.1(m) Thickness(mm) tb =0.02(m) ts =0.001(m) Density(kg/m3) ρb=8030(Kg/m3) ρs=7700(Kg/m3) Young's modules(GPa) Eb=210(Gpa) Es=68(Gpa) PZT strain constant 125×10-12 (m/V) PZT stress constant 10.5×10-3 (VmN-1) The problem has been modeled using a simply supported beam of length 1 meter, under static loading.
Negin Mortazavi, “Simulation of Vortex Ring Permeation in Porous Media,”Journal of Porous Media, Volume (16) Issue (7), pp 597-605, 2013 [8] S.
Alizadeh-Pahlavan,”Oblique Stagnation Point Flow of a Thermodynamically-Valid Walters’ B Liquid: a Series Solution” International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering, Volume (14) Issue (3), pp 829-852, 2009

Using library rich collection resources, including books, periodicals, electronic publications in the form of material library, and the large amount of material on the Internet, and so on.
The overall design for art resources database Academy of fine arts in library collection, mainly to collect fine arts theory, skill books, picture albums, art journals and generations of painting and calligraphy treasures for collection features.
DeNora: The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol.629 (2008) No.1, p. 237
Coffey: Journal of personality and social psychology, Vol.95 (2008) No.5, p.1045
Bhattacherjee: Journal of Management Information Systems, Vol. 24(2007) No.2, p. 221-260.

Characterization of Nanocrystalline Titania Thin Film Deposited by Spray Pyrolysis Technique Lan Anh Luu Thia, Duc Hieu Nguyenb, Mateus Manuel Netoc, Ngoc Trung Nguyend and Thach Son Voe School of Physics Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, N1 Dai Co Viet Street, Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi, Vietnam a Anhltl-iep@mail.hut.edu.vn, b hieu145@gmail.com, c mateusneto93@yahoo.com.br, dnntrung-iep@mail.hut.edu.vn,e sonvt@mail.hut.edu.vn Keywords: Titania, nanocrystalline, thin films, sprays pyrolysis deposition Abstract.
[3] Nguyen Duc Hieu, Tran Thanh Thai, Luu Thi Lan Anh, Vu Thi Bich and Vo Thach Son, The 6th Vietnam-Korea International Joint Symposium on Advanced Materials and Their Processing - Hanoi, Vietnam - November 04-05, 2011
Fujishima, Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 2005, Vol. 44, No. 12
[9] Shailesh Pawar, Manik Chougule, Sanjay Patil, Bharat Raut, Dhanaji Dalvi, Pramod Patil, Shashwati Sen, Pradeep Joshi, Vikas Patil, Journal of Sensor Technology, 2011, 1, pp.9-16
Vishnyakov, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 2010, 211, pp. 59–64

The second way is to main journals for lubricating the main bearings, then to reach the connecting rod journal through the inclined oil gallery for lubricating the connecting rod bearing.
According to materials[6], “t” should generally be greater than 0.5min, the oil pan and oil pump designed to meet the matching requirements.
Beijing: Institute of Science Press(1999) [8] P.
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology.

The kinematic Error Bound Analysis of the Stewart Platform, Journal of Robotic Systems, Vol.17(2000), p.63-73
Identification of strut and assembly errors of a 3-PRS serial–parallel machine tool, International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture, Vol. 44 (2004), p.1171–1178
Zhuang, Autonomous calibration of hexapod machine tools, Transactions of the ASME Manufacturing Science and Technology 1 (2000), p.140–148
Chang, Sensitivity analysis of the 3-PRS parallel kinematic platform of a serial–parallel machine tool, International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, Vol.43 (15) (2003), p.1561–1569
Applied Mechanics and Materials.

It is independent of intensity of illumination, and relates to intrinsic material, size, temperature of CCD or CMOS pixel.
Limited by material and manufacturing process, CCD or CMOS is generally not uniform, such as adulteration, thickness, size of sensitive component.
To overcome the shortage, the science level (lab level) CCD should be applied to the system.
References [1] Gu Bing, Zhang Qingxuan, Research On Measurement Of Luminance Distribution Using A Digital Cameral, China Illuminating Engineering Journal, 14 (2003) p.14-18 [2] Chen Zhonglin, Weng Ji, A study on measurement of Luminance distribution by using a digital camera, China illuminating engineering journal, 16 (2005) p.11-14 [3] Zhang Xiaozhou, Guo Yebe, Plane Array CCD for the Measurement of Target Brightness, Journal of Applied Optics, 13 (2001) p. 45-47 [4] Xu Xiuzhen, Li Zitian, Analysis and Processing Of CCD Noise, Infrared and Laser Engineering, 33 (2004), p. 343-346 [5] JJG211-2005 Luminance meter verification regulation

A Computer Model of Bus-Waiting Problem Shaogui Wu1, a, Jiayang Wang2,b 1College of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, 610068, Chengdu, China. 2Chengdu University of Information Technology, 610225, Chengdu, China.
Shoup: Journal of Public Transportation 7, 67-84 (2004)
Ittyerah: Journal of Public Transportation 7, 95-113 (2004)
Xin: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1563, 8-15 (1996)