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Online since: May 2012
Authors: Xu Xin Zhao, Chang Kun Liu, Yun Long Peng, Lin Fang
Data analyses show that with iron-carbon tube as the core component, the MOBF’s removal rate for COD, Cr6+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and CN- were 93%, 99.99%, 99.7%, 96% and 99%, respectively.
As another treatment method, the electrolysis method has the disadvantages of low removal efficiency of COD and BOD [3], but owns great advantages of use of simple equipment, application of automatic control, and integration of oxidation, reduction, cohesion and electro-floatation.
Iron-carbon tube removes the COD, color and odor through electrochemical adsorption, electrochemical oxidation-reduction reaction and the Fenton reaction by adding H2O2 and the flowing reducing agents, applying low voltage (3 ~ 30V) and applying weak current (50 ~ 200mA).
However, data show that the increase of the total inlet water flow will affect the hydraulic retention time.
Fig. 5 The effect of aeration rate on the removal rate Conclusion Experimental data analyses show that with iron-carbon tube as the core component, the magnetlectric oxidation biological filter (MOBF)’s removal rate for COD, Cr6+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and CN- were 93%, 99.99%, 99.7%, 96% and 99%, respectively.
As another treatment method, the electrolysis method has the disadvantages of low removal efficiency of COD and BOD [3], but owns great advantages of use of simple equipment, application of automatic control, and integration of oxidation, reduction, cohesion and electro-floatation.
Iron-carbon tube removes the COD, color and odor through electrochemical adsorption, electrochemical oxidation-reduction reaction and the Fenton reaction by adding H2O2 and the flowing reducing agents, applying low voltage (3 ~ 30V) and applying weak current (50 ~ 200mA).
However, data show that the increase of the total inlet water flow will affect the hydraulic retention time.
Fig. 5 The effect of aeration rate on the removal rate Conclusion Experimental data analyses show that with iron-carbon tube as the core component, the magnetlectric oxidation biological filter (MOBF)’s removal rate for COD, Cr6+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and CN- were 93%, 99.99%, 99.7%, 96% and 99%, respectively.
Online since: January 2010
Authors: Amir Eliezer, F. Witte, S. Cohen
Based on these data, it
was concluded that suitable magnesium implants should provide small grains, which are distributed
very homogenously and should be produced with highest purity.
Further, these separately reconstructed data were finally stacked to form an entire data set.
The voxel edge size of the data set was equal to 10 µm.
The reduction of the implant volume could be converted into a corrosion rate by using a modification of the ASTM G31-72, 2004 equation (1) for weight loss measurements: tA W CR ⋅⋅ = ρ (1) , where CR is the corrosion rate (mm/year), W is the weight loss of the metal or alloy, A is the initial surface area exposed to corrosion, ρ is the standard density of the metal or alloy and t is the time of immersion.
Herein the weight loss was substituted by the reduction in volume (∆V) multiplied by the standard density (ρ) resulting in equation 2: tA V CR ⋅ ∆ = (2) , where ∆V is the reduction in volume that is equal to the remaining metal volume subtracted from the initial implant volume.
Further, these separately reconstructed data were finally stacked to form an entire data set.
The voxel edge size of the data set was equal to 10 µm.
The reduction of the implant volume could be converted into a corrosion rate by using a modification of the ASTM G31-72, 2004 equation (1) for weight loss measurements: tA W CR ⋅⋅ = ρ (1) , where CR is the corrosion rate (mm/year), W is the weight loss of the metal or alloy, A is the initial surface area exposed to corrosion, ρ is the standard density of the metal or alloy and t is the time of immersion.
Herein the weight loss was substituted by the reduction in volume (∆V) multiplied by the standard density (ρ) resulting in equation 2: tA V CR ⋅ ∆ = (2) , where ∆V is the reduction in volume that is equal to the remaining metal volume subtracted from the initial implant volume.
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Ran Wang, Shu Li Wang, Man Gen Mu, Wen Bo Cui
The finite element method with shear strength reduction (SSR) technique is explained in Phase2D.
The quantitative analysis of such complex processes often implies significant difficulties due to both the large amount of input data required and the lack of specific methodologies (Maffei et al. 2005)[1].
This study is focused on performing a numerical analysis [3] of the deformational process, adequately constrained by a detailed engineering geological model based on field and laboratory data, in order to define its mechanisms, evolution and controlling factors, with particular focus on the role played by the time-dependent behavior of the rock masses.
Fig.8 Safety factor (0.846<1) of original western slope with intact rock model in Slide with intact rock model in Slide with intact rock model in Slide The Shear Strength Reduction (SSR) method allows safety factors of slopes to be calculated with numerical methods in the Phase2D.
Fig.13 2-D graphical representation for SRF The SRF is the critical strength reduction factor.
The quantitative analysis of such complex processes often implies significant difficulties due to both the large amount of input data required and the lack of specific methodologies (Maffei et al. 2005)[1].
This study is focused on performing a numerical analysis [3] of the deformational process, adequately constrained by a detailed engineering geological model based on field and laboratory data, in order to define its mechanisms, evolution and controlling factors, with particular focus on the role played by the time-dependent behavior of the rock masses.
Fig.8 Safety factor (0.846<1) of original western slope with intact rock model in Slide with intact rock model in Slide with intact rock model in Slide The Shear Strength Reduction (SSR) method allows safety factors of slopes to be calculated with numerical methods in the Phase2D.
Fig.13 2-D graphical representation for SRF The SRF is the critical strength reduction factor.
Online since: August 2007
Authors: Eui Jung Choi, Je Wook Chae
The FCS of the small arms
for infantry man is composed of a few of sensors for acquisition of input data of FCS, such as range
measurement, position sensing of weapon, temperature, etc., computer, displayer and power pack,
and also the air burst ammunition is developed in parallel for the maximization of effectiveness.
The devices in the test are 20 mm experimental arms, 20 mm dummy experiment bullet, muzzle table with GMFG sensors, amplifier/modulation and display device of the GMFG sensor, 4 channel oscilloscope for data capturing, a notebook, a portable velocity detector, a high speed camera(22,700 pps).
Calculated time data and output function by the measured muzzle velocity is confirmed.
The muzzle velocity is 170.49 m/s, time data is 12.2650 sec, delay time is 125.20 �, the muzzle velocity pulse is normal, and time data message is also normal, where the sampling time is 0.04 �.
Cambell, Permanent Magnet Materials and their Application, Cambridge University Press, 1994 [8] National Semiconductor, National's Analog & Interface Products Data Book, 2002
The devices in the test are 20 mm experimental arms, 20 mm dummy experiment bullet, muzzle table with GMFG sensors, amplifier/modulation and display device of the GMFG sensor, 4 channel oscilloscope for data capturing, a notebook, a portable velocity detector, a high speed camera(22,700 pps).
Calculated time data and output function by the measured muzzle velocity is confirmed.
The muzzle velocity is 170.49 m/s, time data is 12.2650 sec, delay time is 125.20 �, the muzzle velocity pulse is normal, and time data message is also normal, where the sampling time is 0.04 �.
Cambell, Permanent Magnet Materials and their Application, Cambridge University Press, 1994 [8] National Semiconductor, National's Analog & Interface Products Data Book, 2002
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Lin Niu
A simulation study has been carried out for the incomplete measurement data.
In these networks, the size of the input buffer is fixed, and the data entry is controlled by a time stepping arrangement.
The purpose of the exercise was to identify the members in the damaged zone and the reduction in their stiffness (here a function of cross-sectional areas) from the response data.
The study was carried out on cases described in the table 1 (Lack of space forbids more data shown here).
DewolfJ: Long-term structural health monitoring of a multi-girder steel composite bridge using strain data.
In these networks, the size of the input buffer is fixed, and the data entry is controlled by a time stepping arrangement.
The purpose of the exercise was to identify the members in the damaged zone and the reduction in their stiffness (here a function of cross-sectional areas) from the response data.
The study was carried out on cases described in the table 1 (Lack of space forbids more data shown here).
DewolfJ: Long-term structural health monitoring of a multi-girder steel composite bridge using strain data.
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Feng Wei He, Tong Liu, Ya Qin Zhang
At present, the focus is Protect environmentand optimize the economic growth in Liaoning province.With the construction of ecological province and pollution reduction work to promote the contradiction between economic development, environmental capacity and limited have become increasingly prominent, pollution reduction and environmental management mechanism innovation,mandatory, will have a huge demand for environmental protection.
SO2 in coal-fired boiler flue gas, control and reduction is still the focus, while the progressive control of nitrogen oxides and respirable particulate matter pollution.
In "Twelfth Five Year Plan" period ,nitrogen oxygen compound control may be up to the national emission reduction strategy, therefore DeNOx industry need to strengthen the guidance and market cultivation. 1.3 The control and reduction of solid waste pollution Along with the national and Liaoning provincial government on the sludge treatment and law of urban sewage treatment, sludge treatment and disposal policy more stringent.Sludge disposal facilities in Liaoning Province will be builded in "Twelfth Five Year Plan", sludge disposal and COD reduction of sync, bringing positive benefits, so to accelerate the industrialization of sludge treatment and disposal .
Make full use of Shanghai City Hall formulation of urban sewage treatment plant COD over cuts in subsidies, to achieve emission reduction targets.
supervision agencies, comprehensively promote the project environmental supervision ; comprehensively promote the planning EIA ; actively promote industrial park birth.State construction and renovation ; actively promote key enterprises compulsory clean production audit ; gradually promote rural environmental protection ; 3 ) Research institutions to strengthen environmental technical services, research institutes and enterprises to strengthen environmental technical support capabilities , engineering services capabilities and environmental monitoring and analysis capabilities ; 4 ) Companies vigorously promote pollution facilities sewage treatment plants, sludge disposal facilities , garbage incineration facilities , automatic online monitoring devices and other social operations ; 5 ) Government strengthen environmental information and statistical capacity building, establish and improve the environmental information network systems, business management systems and statistical analysis of data
SO2 in coal-fired boiler flue gas, control and reduction is still the focus, while the progressive control of nitrogen oxides and respirable particulate matter pollution.
In "Twelfth Five Year Plan" period ,nitrogen oxygen compound control may be up to the national emission reduction strategy, therefore DeNOx industry need to strengthen the guidance and market cultivation. 1.3 The control and reduction of solid waste pollution Along with the national and Liaoning provincial government on the sludge treatment and law of urban sewage treatment, sludge treatment and disposal policy more stringent.Sludge disposal facilities in Liaoning Province will be builded in "Twelfth Five Year Plan", sludge disposal and COD reduction of sync, bringing positive benefits, so to accelerate the industrialization of sludge treatment and disposal .
Make full use of Shanghai City Hall formulation of urban sewage treatment plant COD over cuts in subsidies, to achieve emission reduction targets.
supervision agencies, comprehensively promote the project environmental supervision ; comprehensively promote the planning EIA ; actively promote industrial park birth.State construction and renovation ; actively promote key enterprises compulsory clean production audit ; gradually promote rural environmental protection ; 3 ) Research institutions to strengthen environmental technical services, research institutes and enterprises to strengthen environmental technical support capabilities , engineering services capabilities and environmental monitoring and analysis capabilities ; 4 ) Companies vigorously promote pollution facilities sewage treatment plants, sludge disposal facilities , garbage incineration facilities , automatic online monitoring devices and other social operations ; 5 ) Government strengthen environmental information and statistical capacity building, establish and improve the environmental information network systems, business management systems and statistical analysis of data
Online since: June 2009
Authors: Brian J. Walsh, Arturo González
Static deflection data have
been used as input to neural networks to identify the structural parameters of a bridge truss [3].
Other techniques use spectral points in frequency response function data as input data to neural networks to identify damage to cantilever beams [4].
Many of the existing damage detection strategies make use of dynamic data, based on forced or ambient vibrations.
The method can be summarised as an iterative procedure, with each iteration composed of two parts: 1. a random data sample is generated and 2. the method of generating the random data is altered, in order to produce a better sample in the next iteration [11].
The influence of noisy data may be reduced by using multiple measurements and more than one static loading case.
Other techniques use spectral points in frequency response function data as input data to neural networks to identify damage to cantilever beams [4].
Many of the existing damage detection strategies make use of dynamic data, based on forced or ambient vibrations.
The method can be summarised as an iterative procedure, with each iteration composed of two parts: 1. a random data sample is generated and 2. the method of generating the random data is altered, in order to produce a better sample in the next iteration [11].
The influence of noisy data may be reduced by using multiple measurements and more than one static loading case.
Online since: May 2007
Authors: Qun Feng Chang, Da Yong Li, Ying Hong Peng, Xiao Qin Zeng
The experimental results show that adopting the variable blank holder force
technique can remarkably improve the forming performance and decrease the reduction ratio of
thickness from 15.21% to 12.35%.
Signal of pressure sensor and temperature sensor are input into the computer through A/D (Analog/Digital) transfer card, and are compared with the preinstall data. 3).
The temperature sensors collect data from the thermal couples installed on the blank holder and die, respectively.
It can be concluded that adopting the VBHF technique can improve the LDR form 2.5 to 2.8 and decrease the reduction ratio of thickness from 15.21% to 12.35%.
Signal of pressure sensor and temperature sensor are input into the computer through A/D (Analog/Digital) transfer card, and are compared with the preinstall data. 3).
The temperature sensors collect data from the thermal couples installed on the blank holder and die, respectively.
It can be concluded that adopting the VBHF technique can improve the LDR form 2.5 to 2.8 and decrease the reduction ratio of thickness from 15.21% to 12.35%.
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Shu Qing Zhang, Xiu Ling Lv, Na Hui Zhang, Li Hong Zhang
Based on the viscosity determination of ChengGang BF slag[2], the viscosity data obtained are analyzed by using the Minitab software in order to find the relationship between these data and obtain the influence of various factors on slag viscosity further.
At present, it has been widely used in process quality control, experimental data analysis, etc [3-4].
When using Minitab software to analyze data, the statistical test conclusion is the P (Probability) values.
The above data presents that there are significant difference for the slag liquidity between 1~3 groups and 4~5 groups.
Conclusions Single factor variance analysis of experimental data of slag viscosity was carried on using Minitab software, which verifies the correctness of using Minitab software to process a large quantity of experimental data.
At present, it has been widely used in process quality control, experimental data analysis, etc [3-4].
When using Minitab software to analyze data, the statistical test conclusion is the P (Probability) values.
The above data presents that there are significant difference for the slag liquidity between 1~3 groups and 4~5 groups.
Conclusions Single factor variance analysis of experimental data of slag viscosity was carried on using Minitab software, which verifies the correctness of using Minitab software to process a large quantity of experimental data.
Online since: February 2012
Authors: Ming Yu Li, Qing Xuan Zeng, Wen Qing Wang
Kinetics data for adsorption of Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions were in good agreement with the pseudo-second rate equation within an initial concentration range of 50-500 mg×L-1.
Precipitate Cr (III) as Cr(OH)3 at high pH following the reduction of Cr (VI) to Cr (III) was the conventional method for Cr (VI) removal.
Collected data proved that the majority of Cr (VI) molecules present in solution was adsorbed very rapidly within 10 min, indicating a fast process to reach equilibrium.
The equilibrium sorption capacity qe increased with initial concentration of Cr (VI) according to the experiment data, which agreed with pseudo-second order sorption kinetics and differed from pseudo-first order sorption kinetics.
It could be seen that different data with concentration increasing well fitted linear but both the plots didn’t pass the origin of coordinates, which indicated that the initial period was attributed to both boundary layer diffusion and pore diffusion effect.
Precipitate Cr (III) as Cr(OH)3 at high pH following the reduction of Cr (VI) to Cr (III) was the conventional method for Cr (VI) removal.
Collected data proved that the majority of Cr (VI) molecules present in solution was adsorbed very rapidly within 10 min, indicating a fast process to reach equilibrium.
The equilibrium sorption capacity qe increased with initial concentration of Cr (VI) according to the experiment data, which agreed with pseudo-second order sorption kinetics and differed from pseudo-first order sorption kinetics.
It could be seen that different data with concentration increasing well fitted linear but both the plots didn’t pass the origin of coordinates, which indicated that the initial period was attributed to both boundary layer diffusion and pore diffusion effect.