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Debili Laboratory of Magnetism and Spectroscopy of Solids LM2S, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Badji-Mokhtar Annaba University BP12 23200 Annaba mydebili@yahoo.fr Keywords: Al-Cu–Fe, Conventional Solidification, High Frequency Magnetic Induction, Quasicrystals Abstract Structural characteristics and thermal behavior of the conventionally solidified Al80Cu14Fe6, was investigated by X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, and differential thermal analysis techniques.
Introduction Quasi crystals are a new class of materials characterized by quasi-periodic order.
These materials can be manufactured by mechanical alloying, rapid or conventional solidification, physical vapor deposition and plasma processing.
And Pigeat P., Journal Of Non-Crystalline Solids, 334-335, 509 (2004) [14] Trebin H.
Uzun Materials Science-Poland, Vol. 27, No. 3, 2009

Introduction The molecular dynamics simulation technique is a very powerful tool for studying of physical properties of materials in macro and nano scale.
Kart et al., International journal of modern physics B. 18, (2004), p. 2257 [2] S.
Ahmadi, Computational Materials Science 49 (2010), p. 21 [6] J.
Moradi, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology 78 (2011), p. 190 [7] S.
Cottrell (Eds.), Electron Theory in Alloy Design, Institute of Materials, London, (1994) 191

Fabrication and Ultraviolet Characterization of Polyimide Film Panpan Zhang 1, a, Jiaqi Lin 1, 2, b and Wenlong Yang1,c 1College of Applied Science, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, China 2Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectric and Its Application, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150080 aa851386031b@163.com, bljqi405@163.com, cyangwenlong1983@163.com Keywords: polyimide, optical properties, microwave Imidization, film Abstract.
Experimental Raw materials.
The monomers and solvent were used as the raw materials without further purification.
As is known to all, the optical band gap, to a certain extent, can reflect the electrical band gap which is a key index to measure the insulation performance of materials.
The Journal of Physical Chemistry B. 2009, 113, 9143-9150.

Danovaro1,e 1 Department of Marine Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy 2 Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials, University of L'Aquila, Italy a f.beolchini@univpm.it, ba.dellanno@univpm.it, cl.rocchetti@univpm.it, dveglio@ing.univaq.it, e r.danovaro@univpm.it Keywords: sediment, metal stabilization, bioleaching Abstract.
Materials and Methods Metal bio-mobilisation experiments were carried out under aerobic conditions for two weeks, aimed at metals leaching from contaminated sediments.
Clesceri: Journal of Hazardous Materials Vol. 85 (2001), p. 127 [2] W.H.
Danovaro: submitted to Environmental Science and Technology (2008)

Research on a Technique of Eco-friendly Chemical Conversion Coating RongXia Zhu, Zheng Miao, CuiXiang Wang The Science Institute, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an, 710051 China zhx40@sohu.com Keywords: magnesium alloy; chrome-free chemical conversion coating; corrosion resistance.
As one of the most lightly metallic materials, magnesium alloy become one of a late-model and the most viable green eco-friendly materials which has currently been re-recognized and exploited.
Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2003,80:191-200
Journal of Applied Electrochemistry,2003,33:15-21
Corrosion Science, 2004, 46:1467-1477

Akhyar, Husaini, H., Iskandar, F., Ahmad, Structural Simulations of Bicycle Frame Behaviour under Various Load Conditions, Materials Science Forum, 961, (2019), 137-147, https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.961.137 [2].
Malau, Non Treatment, T4 and T6 on Tensile Strength of Al-5.9Cu-1.9Mg Alloy Investigated by Variation of Casting Temperature, Materials Science Forum, 929, (2018), 56-62, https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.929.56 [5].
Ramesh, Strengthening mechanisms in an Al–Mg alloy, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 527(6), (2010), 1292-1298, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2009.11.056 [8].
Ibitoye, Review of GTAW Welding Parameters, Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering, 6, (2018), 541-554
Jayakumar, Optimization of A-GTAW welding parameters for naval steel (DMR 249 A) by design of experiments approach, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications, 231(3), (2015), 320-331, https://doi.org/10.1177/1464420715596455 [12].

Flammable and combustible materials with unchanged position in the building such as closet, ceiling, wall, wallpaper, flooring and so on and flammable and combustible materials on the structure such as wooden doors, windows and the like
Flammable materials that brought by users temporarily and stay for a short time .
For example, in the indoor fire combustion experiment it mainly aimed at the flue gas flow characteristic experiment and combustion experiment of the ceiling, wall, the decoration materials of the corner of the wall.
Materials inside of the building are made from a variety of complex materials
A huge of nonflammable, hard-combustible, flame retardant materials is widely used in structure and interior decoration of the building.

Materials and Methods 2.1 Materials Biomedical grade polyurethane (PU, TecoflexTM, SG-80A) was purchased from Lubrizol (USA).
Demir, Electrospinning of thermoplastic polyurethane microfibers and nanofibers from polymer solution and melt, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 127 (2013) 1901-1908
Sienkiewicz, Fabrication of polyurethane and polyurethane based composite fibres by the electrospinning technique for soft tissue engineering of cardiovascular system, Materials Science and Engineering: C, 46 (2015) 166-176
Baharvand, Nanotopographical control of human embryonic stem cell differentiation into definitive endoderm, Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, 103 (2015) 3539-3553
Kim, Design of ultra-fine nonwovens via electrospinning of Nylon 6: Spinning parameters and filtration efficiency, Materials & Design, 30 (2009) 3659-3666

Wildman3,d, Georgina Elizabeth Marsh 2,5,e, Maxine Swee-Li Yee2,f 1Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia. 2Centre of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia. 3Centre for Additive Manufacturing, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom. 4Nanoscale and Microscale Research, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom 5School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia.
The materials were fixed using 4% paraformaldehyde for 30 mins and dehydrated by immersing the samples in ethanol and water mixtures with increasing concentrations (50%, 60%, 70%, 80% and 99.8%), and then dried using different parts of ethanol and hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) solution starting from (2:1), (1:2) and pure HMDS in a fume hood.
Dabu, “Femtosecond Laser Lithography in Organic and Non-Organic Materials,” in Updates in Advanced Lithography, 2013
Rehm, “Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms,” International Journal of Molecular Sciences, vol. 21, no. 22. 2020, doi: 10.3390/ijms21228671
Kellett, “Two-Photon Polymerization: Fundamentals, Materials, and Chemical Modification Strategies,” Advanced Science, vol. 10, no. 7. 2023, doi: 10.1002/advs.202204072

Due to use different materials, the results of different studies are quite different, even contradictory.
Experimental work Characterization of the raw materials.
Wu, etc: materials review Vol.23, No.3 (2009), p. 30-33 [6] Santosl.C, Goncalves.A and ANTOS.C.S: Hydrometallurgy Vol.23 (l990), p. 237-246 [7] ZH.L.
Margarido: materials science and engineering A Vol.104(1988)249-254
Qiu: Journal of Northeastern University (Natural Science), Vol.21, No.4 (2000), P. 401-403