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However, the yield strength of production by CSP process is on the high side going against deformation lead to energy consumption increase in succedent cold roll procedure, and affecting the formability of punching plate.
In this paper, low carbon steel cold base plate was studied produced by CSP process, discussing the effect of different deformation on mechanical properties and microstructure and analyzing the deformation characteristic of cold low carbon steel, it offer the theory ground for developing high additional cold production.
Results and Discussion Deformation Effect on Mechanical Properties.
Fig.1 The effect of different deformation on mechanical properties of low-carbon cold rolling(a) 变形量对、的影响；(b) 变形量对屈强比、显微硬度的影响 图1 变形量对低碳钢冷轧板室温力学性能的影响 Fig.1 The effect of different deformation on mechanical properties of low-carbon cold rolling (a) 变形量对、的影响；(b) 变形量对屈强比、显微硬度的影响 图1 变形量对低碳钢冷轧板室温力学性能的影响 Fig.1 The effect of different deformation on mechanical properties of low-carbon cold rolling (a) 变形量对、的影响；(b) 变形量对屈强比、显微硬度的影响 图1 变形量对低碳钢冷轧板室温力学性能的影响 Fig.1 The effect of different deformation on mechanical properties of low-carbon cold rolling (a) 变形量对、的影响；(b) 变形量对屈强比、显微硬度的影响 图1 变形量对低碳钢冷轧板室温力学性能的影响 Fig.1 The effect of different deformation on mechanical properties of low-carbon cold rolling Form the curve of relationship between yield and tensile strength(, )and deformation, the work-hardening of test steel is very serious early stage in its deformation, the trend of work-hardening was becoming slower after reaching 45%for deformation, but work-hardening rate had increscent phenomenon
The both factors reciprocity leaded to the strength increase and plastic decrease.

Abstract: The macroscopic static analysis of granule system performance in Literature [1] considered the position, direction and scale of the connection between granules in the system and other relevant physical properties.
That is to say, all factors affect of the end displacement of connectors will affect the specific values of shape parameters.
Due to the structural properties of granular materials, deformation or displacement of granules under external force is extremely heterogeneous.
China 2011 [2] Wang Zhi-hua, Cao Xiao-qing, Ma Hong-wei Microscopic investigation of cellular materials mechanical properties based on homogenization theory[J] ORDNANCE MATERIAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEETING.
Cellular solids: Structure and properties [M].

In this paper, eight BFRPS timber columns under axial compressive loads are tested, and damage characteristics and mechanical properties are studied based on the testing results.
Compared with the components which are reinforced and not, the relationship between the effects of bearing factors and increasing degrees can be concluded, providing reference for the similar engineering problems.
Introduction Due to long-term effects of environmental factors such as typhoons, earthquakes and rain erosion, or because of defects in wood material itself, the components’ bearing capacity of ancient wood buildings gradually diminishes, prone to bending, breaking and other phenomena.
And reinforced with BFRPS, wood structure treated with paint will not affect the appearance, almost without adding additional weight, so it is the first choice in reinforcement material of wooden structure.
Therefore, pasting vertical basalt fiber cloth can effectively suppress the instability of axial compression of long poles damage, which significantly improves its mechanical properties.

The main factors affecting the safety of electrical equipment mainly from two aspects, the human factor like theft, climbing tower, illegal construction and natural factors like lightning, storms, snow and landslides.
Eddy current flaw detector in actual use would affect by a number of factors, such as changes of ambient temperature, surface hardness, uneven mechanical rotating and jitter.
The using of single eddy current probe is vulnerable to the above factors.
In physical properties, ultrasonic method can measure the thickness, material hardness, hardened layer depth, grain size, level and flow, residual stress and plastic bonding strength.
Compared with ultrasonic detection, its measurement range is relatively small, and is susceptible to a variety of factors.

These factors, as well as the roughness value of the pre-treated surface (e.g.
Friction factors are identified as follows: is the drug coefficient when the indenter starts moving; fr is the drug coefficient when the indenter moves at a constant speed, caused by plastic deformation of the surface layer of the workpiece and the adhesive properties of the contact "indenter – surface of the workpiece".
Y depth of the groove depends on the values of factors Rapre, r, Q, V.
Thus, force characteristics of the contact interaction are most affected by the factors of the part hardness and the processing speed.
Fedorov, Technological support of operational properties of machine parts, Mechanical Engineering, Moscow, 1979.

Variable amplitude loading under different form of spectrum has affected highly the fatigue life and fatigue crack growth rates.
Introduction Fatigue crack growth behavior of metals depend upon a number of variables namely the mechanical properties, specimen geometry, environment, applied cyclic loading, stresses and strains acting at the crack tip.
The basic mechanical properties for theses materials are presented in Table 1.
Mechanical properties of aged hardening Al-alloys (Afgrow database) Materials se (MPa) E (GPa) KC KIC 2024 T351 372.31 73.08 74.72 37.36 2219 T87 393.0 73.08 65.93 32.97 7075 T7351 427.47 71.70 63.73 31.86 7178 T7651 496.42 71.70 61.54 30.77 where se, E, KC and KIC represent respectively the yield strength, young’s modulus, plane stress fracture toughness and the plane strain fracture toughness.
The model use an "effective" stress intensity factor based on the size of the yield zone in front of the crack tip.

This condition is measured by mechanical properties such as yield strength, tensile strength, fatigue strength and hardness.
In this study fatigue properties are particularly investigated in detail.
Table 1 lists the mechanical properties of the test materials.
The annealing process followed by the tempering process performed on Material Q did not effectively reduce the brittleness in the microstructures, affecting the tensile and fatigue performance.
Conclusions (1) Not one of the tested materials is ideal as they do not comprise the highest values of the three mechanical properties combination which are tensile strength, fatigue limit and hardness

Multiaxial mechanical strength of aa-2024-t3 aluminium alloy sheets joined by friction stir welding processes R.L.L.P.
One of the most widely used processes in fuselage mating is riveting, which has beyond other disadvantages, the fact that it has a low automation capability, it increases the structural weight, reduces the mechanical properties of the part and accelerates the fatigue process.
Figure 10 - Micro indentation Hardness HV of the FSW zone The lowest hardness values were found in the zones corresponding to the points of high temperature during the FSW process, the heat affected zone and the thermomechanically affected zone.
Another factor that could be proved is the softening that occurs at certain points of the weld.
Batalha: "Mechanical strength evaluation for (d-YAG laser and electric resistance spot weld (ERSW) joint under multiaxial loading".

Structure and Properties of Laser-Welded Joints from High-Strength Steels O.
At present time, high-strength steels of more than 700 MPa yield strength, providing high level of mechanical properties, are used in manufacture of the critical welded structures.
However, structure and phase composition of the weld metal and heat affected zone (HAZ) can significantly change as a result of effect of thermal welding cycle, and, respectively, influence the level of mechanical properties and crack resistance of the welded joints [4-6].
Strengthening, caused by structural parameters, along the welding zone of welded joints from 14KhGN2MDAFB steel Area of investigation Strengthening Weld I zone HAZ Δσg [MPa] 80 115 ΔσS [MPa] 300…500 500…750 Δσds [MPa] 59…188 106…188 ∑Ds(g, S, ds) [MPa] 604 887 Thus, procedures for quantitative evaluation of properties of metal strength by specific structural parameters allow predicting welded joint quality at formation of different type structures in the welding zone and detecting of structural factors, having main effect on mechanical properties change.
Belov Phase Transformations and Properties of Steel in Welding.

Porous AlN Ceramics Fabricated by Carbothermal Reduction Yuan Lu1,2, a, Jinglong Li1 , Jianfeng Yang3, b* and Peng Li1 1 Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Friction Welding Technologies, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China; 2 Xi’an Special Equipment Inspection Institute, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China; 3 State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China aluyuan19801104@163.com, byang155@mail.xjtu.edu.cn Keywords: Ceramics, Porosity, Microstructure, Sintering, Mechanical properties.
The influences of sintering additives and sintering temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of porous AlN ceramics were investigated.
Excellent properties make porous AlN ceramic promising candidates for many applications.
Effects of sintering additives and sintering temperature on microstructures and mechanical properties of porous AlN ceramics were investigated.
The influences of sintering additives on microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated.