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The heat affected zone might shorten the life of mold due to material change, residual stress, and microcracks.
Dixit: International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, Vol. 42(2002), p. 877
Flükiger: Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 149(2004), p. 289
Zhang: ASME Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Vol. 129(2007), p. 502

Probabilistic Fatigue Property of Aluminium Alloy Welded Joint for High-speed Train Zou Hua1, a , Li Wei 1, b , Li Qiang1,c and Wang Ping2,d 1 Laboratory for Structural Strength Testing (Beijing Jiaotong University), China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment, Beijing 100044, China 2 Institute of Oceangraphic Instrumention, Shandong Academy of Science, Qingdao 266001, China a hzou@ bjtu.edu.cn, b lw_cy@sina.com, cqli3@bjtu.edu.cn, d wping_wf@sina.com Keywords: Aluminium alloy, Weld fatigue, P-C-S-N curve, Fatigue limit Abstract.
Experimental procedures Testing material and specimen.
Base material used in this study was an aluminum alloy ENAW6005, whose main chemical composition (mass percentage): 0.35Fe, 0.6-0.9Si, 0.1Mn, 0.1Ti, 0.4-0.6Mg, 0.1Cu, 0.1Zn and 0.1 Cr.
Maddox: International Journal of Fatigue Vol. 25 (2003), p. 1359 [2] Y.H.Zhang, S.J.Maddox: International Journal of Fatigue Vol. 31 (2009), p. 138 [3] ENV 1999-2 Eurocode 9: Design of aluminum structures: Part 2: Structures susceptible to fatigue.
(Abington Publications, Abington 1996) [6] Z.T.Gao: Fatigue reliability.( BeiHang University Publications, Beijing 2000) [7] S.Hanaki, M.Yamashita, H.Uchida, M.Zako: International Journal of Fatigue Vol. 32 (2010), p. 605

For example, the ‘Geometry’, ‘Material’ and other domains are built as subcategory.
Acknowledgement This work is partly sponsored by the NSFC (Natural Science Foundation of China), grant no. 60974083 and 50975255.
Pierra: Journal on Data Semantics X, Vol.4900 (2008), pp.174-211
Yu: Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Vol.10 (2005) No.16, pp.878-881 (In Chinese)
Qi: Advanced Materials Research, Vols.201-203 (2011), pp.867-877.

Materials and methods Coal sample.
The filtering material permitted the passing of the leachate but not coal particles larger than 0.5 mm.
The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering. 10(6): 1104-1109(2010) (In Chinese)
Journal of Shenyang Institute of Technology. 23(1): 81-84(2004) (In Chinese)
Journal of Industrial Microbiology. 14: 420-423(1995).

Materials and Methods Monitoring Section Layout The detailed layout of the seven sections was shown in Fig. 1(The seven sections were labeled with #, if the cross section was divided into left and right, we marked them as L, M and R after the “#” respectively, Sanjiang cross-section label after # as "3"; Huangbohe bridge section was recorded as HBHK; Upstream cross section before the gate 2,3 was recorded ZQ2-3).
(In Chinese) [4] Ling Jiang, Yitian Li, Wei Zhang, Journal of Sediment Research 2006, 76.
Lu, Advances In Water Science 2007, 538.
Li, Engineering Journal of Wuhan University 2009, (2), 173.
Dai., Journal of China Three Gorges University 2009, 6, 12.

Study on Microstructure and Properties of Low-Mo Fire-Resistant Steel Rongchun Wana, Feng Sunb , Lanting Zhang c , Aidang Shan d School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China arongchun_wan@sjut.edu.cn, bfsun@sjtu.edu.cn, clantingzh@sjtu.edu.cn, dadshan@sjtu.edu.cn Keywords: Low-Mo; Fire-resistant steel; Bainite Abstract.
Experimental and material Two ingots of steels were prepared by vacuum induction melting (100 kg).
Journal of Constructional Steel Research, Vol. 50 (1999) p.223-233 [2] LinHai Han, XiaoLing Zhao, M.ASCE.et.al.
Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 3 (2003) p. 346-356 [3] Y.
Journal of Structural Engineering,Vol.125 (1999) p. 1415-1422 [4] Xiaofeng Wang, Lie Luo, Yingwen Yang.

Effective emitters or extended surfaces called as fins are used in order to get the desired rate of heat dissipation with minimal amount of material.
The emissivities of finned materials like alloys of duralumin and aluminium are very low so the contribution of the radiation effect in the total heat transfer is very low.
References [1] Starner K.E. and McManus H.N., “An Experimental Investigation of Free Convection Heat Transfer from Rectangular Fin Arrays”, Journal of Heat Transfer, 273-278, (1963) [2] We lling J.R. and Wooldridge C.N., “Free Convection Heat Transfer Coefficients from Vertical Fins”, Journal of Heat Transfer, 439-444, (1965) [3] Fitzroy N.D., “Optimum Spacing of Fins Cooled by Free Convection”, Journal of Heat Transfer, 462-463, (1971) [4] Aziz, A., Optimum Dimensions of Extended Surfaces Operating in a Convective Environment, Appl.
[5] Leung C.W., et al., “Heat Exchanger Design: Thermal Performances of Rectangular Fins Protruding from Vertical or Horizontal Rectangular Bases”, Applied Energy, 123-140, (1985) [6] Yüncü H. and Güvenc A., “An Experimental Investigation on Performance of Rectangular Fins on a Vertical Base in Free Convection Heat Transfer”, Heat and Mass Transfer, 409-416, (2001) [7] Yüncü H. and Mobedi M., “A Three Dimensional Numerical Study on Natural Convection Heat Transfer from Short Horizontal Rectangular Fin Array”, Heat and Mass Transfer, (2003) [8]Jeong et al., “Natural convection heat transfer estimation from a longitudinally finned vertical pipe using CFD”, Mechanical Science and Technology, 1517-1527, (2009) [9] A.

External view of a small-size collapsible construction system after the final assembly In order to check the technological efficiency of construction system assembly, a 12m2 dummy structure was built with the use of locally available materials.
Iliev, Basic requirements for prefabricated building systems, Engineering Journal of Don, 4 (2017)
Memari, Product Architecture Model for Multistory Modular Buildings, Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 142(10) (2016) Article number: 04016047
Alfano, Innovative Flexible Structural System Using Prefabricated Modules, Journal of Architectural Engineering, 22(4) (2016) Article number: 05016003
Modern problems of science and eductions, 2-1 (2015)

The lashing bar material is 40 Cr, E=211GPa, stiffness of 8 lashing bars with different lengths can be calculated as Table 1.
AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference (Virginia, USA, April 7-10, 2003)
Daqaq and A.H Nayfeh: International Journal of Modelling and Simulation Vol. 24(4) (2004), p. 272 [4] J.S.
Yan: Journal of System Simulation Vol. 14(7) (2002), p. 1235 (Chinese) [5] A.N.
Liu: Journal of Marine Science and Application Vol. 5(1) (2006), p. 48 [6] Y.S.

The well-known Hertz contact law can be used to evaluate contact force between the journal and bearing in a revolute joint with clearance.
It is expressed as (1) where is the stiffness coefficient which depends on the material and the radii of the bodies in contact, and is the relative indentation.
Acknowledgments This paper was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51305294), the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (Grant No. 20130032120037).
Martins, On the continuous contact force model for soft materials in multibody dynamics, Multib.
Romdhane, Dynamic analysis of a flexible slider-crank mechanism with clearance, European Journal of Mechanics A/Solids. 27 (2008) 882-898