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Transfer characteristics of austenite grain size, microstructures and key properties of high carbon rail during the process are also revealed.
The mechanical properties of flaky pearlite are closely related to the structure of pearlite [2-4].
The main factor affecting yield strength and fracture strength toughness of flaky pearlite is the spacing of flakes, and the relationship between them can be expressed by Hall-Petch formula.
The main factors affecting the plasticity of flake pearlite are the original austenite grain size and the lamellar spacing of pearlite.
Table 4 Tensile and impact properties corresponding to different heating processes No.

This article is focused on changes in the properties of colored concrete due to frost.
Failure of the internal structure of concrete by frost, manifested by the formation of micro-cracks, is mainly caused by two factors.
Due to the fact that concrete is a heterogeneous material, its properties are affected by many factors.
Bulk density, water absorption and mechanical properties are summarized in table 1.
Results of measurement mechanical properties after freeze-thaw cycles were summarized in Table 2.

The fatigue properties of the SP-treated material were compared with fatigue properties of the non-peened material, the hot isostatic pressure (HIP) treated material and the semi-liquid (SL) die casting material. the main conclusions obtained were, (1) The fatigue properties of SP-treated material is most excellent in all materials. (2) The fatigue life property of AC4CH alloys is significantly affected by fatigue crack initiation behavior.
From the results, it was clear that the fatigue properties of AC4CH were improved remarkably by SP treatment.
Comparison of fatigue properties between SP treated materials and HIP treated materials.
Comparison of fatigue properties between SP treated materials and SL die-casting materials.
In this section, comparison of fatigue properties between the SP treatment and SL die-casting materials were conducted.

In the pre-processing stage, a network of lattice is constructed and local mechanical properties are assigned to every lattice element depending on which phase it represents.
The local mechanical properties of lattice elements can be linear-brittle as shown in Fig. 3(b).
The bending moment influence factor B affects the simulated softening behavior of materials.
O _tAf   _uA _tBf _tIf _uI _uB (a) Lattice Element Type Determination (b) Local Mechanical Behaviors of Lattice Elements Fig. 3 Local Mechanical Properties Assignment to Lattice Elements 3.
Ye and K. van Breugel, Prediction of Mechanical Properties of Cement Paste at Microscale, Materiales de Construcción, 60(297), 1-12 (2010) [4] E.

Corrosion potential can not be used as an index for evaluating corrosion rate of reinforcement bars with different tensile stresses; Third intercrystalline corrosion occurs inside the reinforcement bar due to micro-defects after rolling and moulding, which directly affects the mechanical properties of reinforcement bar.
There were many influencing factors, and the measured data fluctuate to a certain extent, but there were still some corrosion laws in general.
These defects will seriously affect its mechanical properties, which is the main reason for the significant decline of mechanical properties, and become the internal cause of accidents in the later period.
Intercrystalline corrosion will seriously affect the mechanical properties of reinforcing bars, which is the main cause of the substantial decline in mechanical properties
[12] Wu Qing, Yuan Yingshu, Experimental study on the deterioration of mechanical properties of corroded steel bars, China civil engineering journal, Volume 41, Issue 12, (2008) 42-47

A series of research has been conducted on properties of 316L including the microstructure of the base metal and the weldment and that under the condition of intergranular corrosion.
Introduction The security of nuclear power equipment is an important factor which directly affects the normal operation of nuclear power plants. 316L stainless steel has been widely used in nuclear power equipments.
Many factors such as the high-temperature and high-pressure operating condition, the defect and the heat effect during the welding process may lead to the intergranular corrosion in the base metal and the weldment.
In the last few years, we have conducted a series of research on properties of 316L stainless steel.
[5] Welding branch of China Mechanical Engineering Society.

Mechanical Properties in Hot Forged Steel Parts in Relation to Properties in Corresponding Parts made by Casting Solely Henry Valberg1, a*, Morten Langøy2,b and Mette Nedreberg3,c 1Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Engineering Design and Materials, Richard Birkelands v. 2b, 7491 Trondheim, Norway 2University of Stavanger, Department of Mechanical and Structural Engineering and Material Science, 4036 Stavanger, Norway 3Rolls-Royce Marine AS, Propulsion-Ulsteinvik, Norway ahenry.valberg@ntnu.no, bmorten.langoy@uis.no, cmette.nedreberg@rolls-royce.com Keywords: Hot forging of steel, Cast steels, Mechanical testing, Mechanical tests, Bending test, “Eye”-shaped bend specimen, Microstructural defects.
It is a common understanding that hot forging will improve the properties of a steel part in relation to what is the result when the same part is made by casting solely.
For instance, it has been shown in a number of articles [1-4] how the presence of casting defects either as micro, or macro porosity, affects the fatigue life of steel castings.
To identify important process factors in the hot forming operation when forging this component from an initial workpiece of cylindrical shape, a 3D FE-model was made of the process.
For large surface roughness it seems that the roughness will be a factor that determines when the specimen will start to break down.

Chloride attack has been identified as one of the most important factors initiating the corrosion of reinforcing bars.
Material properties of the concrete structures are widely recognized that it is of intrinsic randomness, and it is an urgent task to develop a stochastic analysis method for chloride diffusion.
Chloride attack has been identified as one of the most important fators affecting the corrosion of reinforcing bars.
The sources of randomness are related to material properties, parameters of mechanical model, and environmental conditions[8].
According to the figures, the COV of diffusion coefficient affects significantly the standard deviation of chloride concentration.

Tube billet was SS304 stainless steel, according to the material properties and deformation features selected parameters, such as shown in Table 1.
The factors affected the performance of primary and secondary hydroforming order: axial force, friction coefficient, internal pressure.
From (b) the trend of each factor can be seen, expect μ2, other factors had the possibility to further reduced, F3 and P1 can be considered further adjustments.
In summary, the optimal combination of various factors was F3P1μ3.
Fig. 3 The thickness distribution under the F3P1μ3 Conclusion Many factors influence the properties of tube hydroforming, from the conventional experiment method is difficult to quickly and accurately predict the regular pattern of the various factors.

In this case, layers are cut simultaneously which induce brutal mechanical load variation.
However, delamination associated with the drilling Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) may often be the limiting factor in the use of composite materials for structural applications in automobile and aerospace industries.
The present review article addressed the factors, affecting the feed force or the torque and the delamination mechanisms, such as: cutting parameters (f and Vc), the drill’s geometry and the different stages of the composite fiber orientation.
This signal is periodic for one drill revolution by taking p the periodicity factor.
Rech: Characterisation of friction properties between a laminated carbon fibers reinforced polymer and a monocrystalline diamond under dry or lubricated conditions: Tribology international, Vol. 43-9 (2010), p. 1665-1673