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Online since: January 2021
Authors: Junya Kobayashi, Goroh Itoh, Keisuke Hiyama, Bo Fan Lyu
Fig. 4 Number of GBs with SIBM, NSIBM, and grain sizes in L and ST directions, dL, dST, respectively, as a function of true strain (cold reduction) prior to solution treatment in 7CN.
It was found that SIBM is marked in the cold reduction ranging from 9 to 23% although grain coarsening also takes place in this reduction range.
In the specimens with cold reductions of 11 and 16%, values are significantly smaller than that of 0% cold-rolled specimen.
Fig. 6 I(δ) of the 7CN specimens with different cold reductions prior to solution treatment.
[9] Aluminum standards and data, Aluminum Association, Arlington, VA, USA, 2009, pp. 6-7 to 6-8
It was found that SIBM is marked in the cold reduction ranging from 9 to 23% although grain coarsening also takes place in this reduction range.
In the specimens with cold reductions of 11 and 16%, values are significantly smaller than that of 0% cold-rolled specimen.
Fig. 6 I(δ) of the 7CN specimens with different cold reductions prior to solution treatment.
[9] Aluminum standards and data, Aluminum Association, Arlington, VA, USA, 2009, pp. 6-7 to 6-8
Online since: May 2015
Authors: M. Belhouari, Bel Abbès Bachir Bouiadjra, F. Benyahia, A. Albedah
Even though the long-term performance of composites incorporating physical and chemical degradation is of great importance in pipeline applications, yet the data reflecting relevant environmental conditions is still sparse [4, 5].
It was shown by Benyahia et al [6] and Bezzerouki at al [7] that he reduction of the SIF by the wrap is very significant for this crack.
This reduction is more significant as the crack angle increases.
The rate of reduction of the SIF is about 60% for the bending moment, 45% for the internal pressure and 70% for the traction.
This optimization must equilibrate between the reduction of the stress intensity at the repaired defect and the reduction of the risk of adhesive failure.
It was shown by Benyahia et al [6] and Bezzerouki at al [7] that he reduction of the SIF by the wrap is very significant for this crack.
This reduction is more significant as the crack angle increases.
The rate of reduction of the SIF is about 60% for the bending moment, 45% for the internal pressure and 70% for the traction.
This optimization must equilibrate between the reduction of the stress intensity at the repaired defect and the reduction of the risk of adhesive failure.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Rui Xiang Liu
Structural Decomposition of China’s Energy Use during 2000-2011 with World Input Output Table (WIOT) Data
Liu Ruixiang
86 YuShan West Road, JiangPu, Nanjing, P.
By using world input output table data, this paper has divided the change of energy consumption into 5 effects: energy efficiency, intermediate input structure, export, investment and consumption.
Here, we use the China’s Input-Output data between 2000 and 2011, which is a uncompetitive table that includes 35 sectors.
The data of energy consumption were obtained from China's Energy Statistical Yearbook.
The data of table 1 shows that the average growth rates of the three parts during the analysis period are different.
By using world input output table data, this paper has divided the change of energy consumption into 5 effects: energy efficiency, intermediate input structure, export, investment and consumption.
Here, we use the China’s Input-Output data between 2000 and 2011, which is a uncompetitive table that includes 35 sectors.
The data of energy consumption were obtained from China's Energy Statistical Yearbook.
The data of table 1 shows that the average growth rates of the three parts during the analysis period are different.
Online since: July 2014
Authors: Ming Ming Yang, Hong Wei An
However, The sample must be pre-reduction and digestion before measurement and the samples in the form of measurable forming elements arsenic, which is a critical step of measuring of arsenic.
The evaporating excessive acid not only improved the evaporating excessive acid of microwave digestion and arsenic pre-reduction process, but also removed the common confounders.
Specific data are shown in Tab.1.
Tab.1The Date of microwave digestion Step Temperature Pressure(amt) Time(min) Power(W) 1 100 6 2.0 500 2 140 7 2.5 600 3 160 10 2.5 600 The overcome of impact of pre-reduction that come from nitrogen oxides.
Nitrogen oxides that from digestion solution interfere pre-reduction of arsenic, meanwhile, different amount of nitrogen oxides may cause different level interference.
The evaporating excessive acid not only improved the evaporating excessive acid of microwave digestion and arsenic pre-reduction process, but also removed the common confounders.
Specific data are shown in Tab.1.
Tab.1The Date of microwave digestion Step Temperature Pressure(amt) Time(min) Power(W) 1 100 6 2.0 500 2 140 7 2.5 600 3 160 10 2.5 600 The overcome of impact of pre-reduction that come from nitrogen oxides.
Nitrogen oxides that from digestion solution interfere pre-reduction of arsenic, meanwhile, different amount of nitrogen oxides may cause different level interference.
Online since: February 2019
Authors: Andrey N. Dmitriev, R.V. Petukhov, Galina Yu. Vitkina, Elena A. Vyaznikova
Table 6 presents the data obtained.
The formation of infusible compounds such as carbonitrides and oxycarbonitrides is a feature of the reduction of titanium oxides.
The reduction of titanium gas occurs through a series of intermediate stages: TiO2 – Ti3O5 – Ti2O3 – TiO.
In this case, the temperature at the beginning of reduction was sequentially increased from 700-1000 °C to 1200 °C and further to 1350-1400 °C.
For example, when the softening interval was narrowed, the LTD index (strength at reduction) increased by 2.8%, the calculated productivity increased by 193 tons of pig iron, and the calculated coke rate decreased for 4 kg/ton of pig iron.
The formation of infusible compounds such as carbonitrides and oxycarbonitrides is a feature of the reduction of titanium oxides.
The reduction of titanium gas occurs through a series of intermediate stages: TiO2 – Ti3O5 – Ti2O3 – TiO.
In this case, the temperature at the beginning of reduction was sequentially increased from 700-1000 °C to 1200 °C and further to 1350-1400 °C.
For example, when the softening interval was narrowed, the LTD index (strength at reduction) increased by 2.8%, the calculated productivity increased by 193 tons of pig iron, and the calculated coke rate decreased for 4 kg/ton of pig iron.
Online since: June 2020
Authors: Auppatham Nakaruk, Wilawan Khanitchaidecha, Du Ang Dao Channei, Thotsaphon Threrujirapapong, Yi Yi Zaw
The data suggested that the anatase/rutile ratio of TiO2 can be controlled through the calcination process.
The phase transformation data strongly indicated the liner function between percentage of rutile phase and calcination temperature.
Both data strongly indicated that the percentage of rutile was increased linearly with the calcination temperature.
The data was associate with the XRD patterns results; the specific surface area was decreased by increasing the rutile percentage.
The phase transformation data strongly indicated the liner function between rutile phase percentage and calcination temperature.
The phase transformation data strongly indicated the liner function between percentage of rutile phase and calcination temperature.
Both data strongly indicated that the percentage of rutile was increased linearly with the calcination temperature.
The data was associate with the XRD patterns results; the specific surface area was decreased by increasing the rutile percentage.
The phase transformation data strongly indicated the liner function between rutile phase percentage and calcination temperature.
Online since: September 2014
Authors: De Kun Hu, An Sheng Ye, Li Zhang, Li Li
In this work, a kernel principle component analysis network (KPCANet) is proposed for classification of the facial expression in unconstrained images, which comprises only the very basic data processing components: cascaded kernel principal component analysis (KPCA), binary hashing, and block-wise histograms.
By constructing the same matrix for all input images and putting them together, we get (1) Standard PCA only allows linear dimensionality reduction.
However, if the data has more complicated structures which cannot be well represented in a linear subspace, standard PCA will not be very helpful.
Fortunately, kernel PCA allows us to generalize standard PCA to nonlinear dimensionality reduction.
Then each data point is projected to a point.
By constructing the same matrix for all input images and putting them together, we get (1) Standard PCA only allows linear dimensionality reduction.
However, if the data has more complicated structures which cannot be well represented in a linear subspace, standard PCA will not be very helpful.
Fortunately, kernel PCA allows us to generalize standard PCA to nonlinear dimensionality reduction.
Then each data point is projected to a point.
Online since: September 2018
Authors: Cristiano Stefano Mucsi, F.C. Ceoni, Maicon Cavalieri de Alencar, Luís Cláudio Aranha, J.L. Rossi
The device is intended to yield data for analysis of in vitro torquing and detorquing experiments, for fixation and removing of abutments in dental implants and implants in artificial bones.
The data showed a 15% to 48% change of the desired microtorque.
The data acquisition system is completed with the LabView® graphic and programming environment.
The mechanical driver, torque sensing and data acquisition area shown An Atmel AVR microcontroller was chosen as the stepper motor driver controller interfaced by a Schotky bridge.
The choice was made to provide torqueing data on two significantly different abutments systems.
The data showed a 15% to 48% change of the desired microtorque.
The data acquisition system is completed with the LabView® graphic and programming environment.
The mechanical driver, torque sensing and data acquisition area shown An Atmel AVR microcontroller was chosen as the stepper motor driver controller interfaced by a Schotky bridge.
The choice was made to provide torqueing data on two significantly different abutments systems.
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Xin Tian Wang, Yan Qing Sun, Shu Hua Yin, Gu Qing Liu
Since the rough set proposed in 1982, it has achieved extensively application in data analysis, data mining, machine learning and others [2].
This new approach is proved by application in digital data network that can reduce misdirection in diagnosis while improve ability of classification.
Unfortunately, the attribute weights of fault cases have not been involved in classical PNN model that leads to lower accuracy in classification especially in small data set.
FIG 1 The architecture of improved PNN Experiment and analysis In digital data network, the Channel failures are the most popular fault cases.
The improved PNN model is applied in digital data network to diagnose faults.
This new approach is proved by application in digital data network that can reduce misdirection in diagnosis while improve ability of classification.
Unfortunately, the attribute weights of fault cases have not been involved in classical PNN model that leads to lower accuracy in classification especially in small data set.
FIG 1 The architecture of improved PNN Experiment and analysis In digital data network, the Channel failures are the most popular fault cases.
The improved PNN model is applied in digital data network to diagnose faults.
Online since: May 2012
Authors: Jing Wan Liu, Zhen Dong He, Chang Kai Shi
Depending on the control system, a continuous dimming strategy may be able to implement relative reduction, instead of absolute reduction.
Measurement instruments installed in mechanical and electrical equipment, and power subsystem of large public buildings, can not only collect the raw data of real-time operation of equipment when the system is running, but also achieve system energy-saving operation under the control of the system software.
The course of their work is that collect the original data of power equipment running by a variety of measuring instruments, which is transferred to the energy management platform via the data connection and the transformation, and is intelligently collated by system software and Energy Plus software, and then establish the system database of efficient low-energy to run, which is integrated into energy management system software, for any large-scale public buildings to provide energy analysis, cost budget, the daily energy consumption report and financial analysis.
In addition, energy management software can also automatically store or print the data and curve of equipment operation for the follow-up system to provide complete and reliable information.
The operation data of various measuring instruments can also be directly displayed through the screen to help managers to timely detect abnormal conditions of system operation and increase the awareness of energy savings [[] Guozhang Ruan, Xiren Miao: Low-voltage Electrical Device, Vol.36(2008)No.24,p.16.
Measurement instruments installed in mechanical and electrical equipment, and power subsystem of large public buildings, can not only collect the raw data of real-time operation of equipment when the system is running, but also achieve system energy-saving operation under the control of the system software.
The course of their work is that collect the original data of power equipment running by a variety of measuring instruments, which is transferred to the energy management platform via the data connection and the transformation, and is intelligently collated by system software and Energy Plus software, and then establish the system database of efficient low-energy to run, which is integrated into energy management system software, for any large-scale public buildings to provide energy analysis, cost budget, the daily energy consumption report and financial analysis.
In addition, energy management software can also automatically store or print the data and curve of equipment operation for the follow-up system to provide complete and reliable information.
The operation data of various measuring instruments can also be directly displayed through the screen to help managers to timely detect abnormal conditions of system operation and increase the awareness of energy savings [[] Guozhang Ruan, Xiren Miao: Low-voltage Electrical Device, Vol.36(2008)No.24,p.16.