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In ferric anaerobic leaching 46 mg of ferrous iron were dissolved corresponding to the chemical reduction of ferric iron on pyrite, 10.84 mg pyrite would be dissolved.
Fig. 2 shows that the biological reduction of ferric iron was accompanied by a greatest decrease of the culture pH, compared with decrease of pH in the ferric leaching of pyrite; this can be explained by a greater generation of sulfuric acid due to the sulfur oxidation by bacteria (equation 2).
Participation of sulfur or RISC as intermediate in the anaerobic ferric bioleaching of pyrite, was evidenced by the results of an additional experiment of ferric anaerobic bioleaching of pyrite with 1 g/L of Fe(III) iron that showed similar results to those presented above (data not shown).
Brock, J.Gustafson, Ferric ion reduction by sulfur and iron-oxidizing bacteria, Appl.
Johnson, Reduction of soluble iron and reductive dissolution of ferric iron-containing minerals by moderately thermophilic iron-oxidizing bacteria, Appl.

Due to special algorithms of averaging within multigrid approach, reduction of the problem is provided. 1.
Therefore corresponding multilevel approach is peculiarly relevant and apparently preferable in all aspects for qualitative and quantitative analysis of calculation data.
Reduction of the problem.

A model method based on least square support vector machine (LS-SVM) which directly uses the experimental data is presented to overcome the weakness of mechanism model, and the system structure and algorithm are given.
Compared with the experimental data, the simulation results show that this method has good performance and can provide control and optimization reference to the CFB electric power generation.
The reduction will reduce the content of oxidized gas which contains a number of non-flammable gas, such as CO2,H2O and so on.
Input parameters for each node to the LS-SVM, evaluate performance by validation data and output learning error, the relative standard deviation is defined as Eq.5:
In order to compare the effect of the various models, take any five sets of data reserved for forecasting, the remaining 56 data are transported into the two models for training to get the output curve of simulation.

. % leads to a reduction in the metal content in the particles and to the formation of metals oxide.
According to the X-ray data a powder produced by electrical explosion of titanium wires in argon at e/es = 1.2, contains α-Ti and a small amount of β-Ti.
According to the X-ray data, the main product of Cu-EEW in the gas mixture Аr+0.5 % air is metallic copper, copper oxide Cu2O (< 20 wt.%) and a little of CuO.
The increase of the air content in gases mixture during EEW leads to a reduction in the metal content and to the change of the phase composition.
The oxygen addition of 10–30 vol. % at Al-EEW leads to a reduction in the metal content in the particles and to the formation of metal oxide.

The motion study identified that proper synchronization of movements by the workers would result in 18% reduction in the total number of movements.
Therefore any reduction in the machining time would result in significant time savings during the fleshing process.
Shows the total number of motions that would be performed by worker 1 and worker 2 by the suggested method Worker 1 Worker 2 Actions by hand Left Hand Right Hand Left Hand Right Hand Number of operations 22 21 21 22 Number of delays 0 1 1 0 Number of movements 5 5 5 5 Total movements 27 27 27 27 Total 54 54 Conclusion The time and motion study was carried out in the fleshing area of raw skin processing industry and the data was recorded and analyzed.
Using this data, a number of useful suggestions have been made which would result in considerable enhancement of worker efficiency and time saving.

The effect of controlling the pH of the methanogonic phase of traditional Chinese pharmaceutical industry wastewater digestion on the biogas production rate and pollution potential reduction was also investigated.
Curves for COD in different phases Analyses of experiment results and data According to test data, a curve indicating COD removal in each phase of system can be drawn, as is shown in Fig.3.
Molybdate inhibition of sulphate reduction in two-phase anaerobic digestion.

The results indicated that spinning deformation enhanced the tensile properties of the alloy due to the reduction of Si size and porosity percentage, especially in the samples with coarse microstructure.
The wheels were firstly made by casting the A356 alloy melt into a permanent mould at 700 oC and then spinning deformed at 390 oC with an average reduction ratio of 60%.
Quantitative analysis data of porosity percentage are plotted in Fig. 3 (a) as a function of average SDAS.
(a) (b) Fig. 3 Quantitative analysis data of the microstructure as a function of SDAS: (a) porosity percentage and (b) DSi.
While these brittle precipitates result in the reduction of α-Al matrix deformation, thus decreasing ductility, as shown in Fig. 5(b).

The obtained data were then interpreted on the basis of both experimental [2-6] and theoretical [7] PA studies.
The obtained PA data interpretation was therefore not influenced by the knowledge about the sample history.
Positrons are trapped effectively in vacancies due to reduction of Coulomb repulsion arising from the lack of the nucleus at that site.
Processing of the obtained spectra was done through the LT programme [10], by fitting to the data a sum of several exponential components convoluted with the instrumental resolution curve; the fitting variance was better than 1.05.
During annealing of samples B and C, we observed an increase of large empty volume sizes, along with a simultaneous reduction of their number.

Optical photographs of (a) the ECAPed AZ31 rod after 6 passes at 493Kand (b) the DSRed AZ31 sheet in thickness reduction by 70% at 423K.
This increase of basal fiber texture component compared to the sample 2 should be related to a higher rolling reduction of 70% and lower rolling temperature of 423K.
[sample 4] In Fig. 4, the 0.2% proof stress is plotted against d-1/2, where d is the grain size, for the asextruded [5], symmetrically rolled [6], ECAPed [5] and DSRed AZ31 alloys along with the data for as-extruded AZ61 alloys [1].
As seen in Fig. 4, the DSR and ECAP data are well below that for the groups 1.
The 0.2% proof stress is plotted against d-1/2 for the as-extruded [5], symmetrically rolled [6], ECAPed [5] and DSRed AZ31 alloys along with the data for as-extruded AZ61 alloys [1].

In sustainable production, reduction of energy consumption is an important factor in addressing the issue of energy [2,3].
This can be done by reducing power demand, which leads to the reduction of energy consumption for machining a particular part.
A case study is given, taken from our previous work [8], where the data of MRR and cutting force are both available.
For the other approach, this Eq. 3 can be modified using cutting force data.
From the available data, both approaches for calculating power demand were proven applicable for the particular turning process.