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Their goals was to achieve a high discounts of insurances by creation of conditions for reduction of enterprise risks and by acceptance of preventive measures in relation to identified potential danger.
Control of the possible failure creation and with this connected risk, is the process of decision making for encompassment and/or reduction of risk, or realization of decision and its enforcement including repeated evaluation of consequences with the use of the results of risk appraisal as input data [3].
There are several classes or levels of criticality depending on risks and reduction of system serviceability and also on the probability of frequency [4].
Change of the concept – for elimination of fault causes or for reduction of the fault importance 2.
By the help of analysis we get the possibility to realize the prevention of these risks or their reduction.

(2) (3) Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA) ICA is an optimization method based on imperialist competition that introduced by Atashpaz-Gargari[9].The algorithm for ICA is summarized in following steps: Step 1: The input data is inserted in the program and important parameters of ICA are defined.
The load and line data are taken from [1].
Wu, Network reconfiguration in distribution systems for loss reduction and load balancing.
Hong, Reconfiguration of electric distribution networks for resistive line losses reduction.
Labridis, Influence of load alterations to optimal network configuration for loss reduction.

Additionally, the work by Liu et al. [22] focused on the issue of noise reduction in machine-work piece pairing.
―Data Collection Framework on Energy Consumption in Manufacturing, IIE Annual Conference and Expo, May 20–24, 2006, Orlando, FL
―Noise Reduction Scheduling Method in a Shop Floor and its Case Study, Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 16(4), pp. 337-341
―A Data Enabled Operation-Based Simulation for Automotive Assembly, 2008 Asia Simulation Conference — 7th International Conference on Sys.
―Optimal Scheduling to Achieve Energy Reduction in Automotive Paint Shops, Proc. of 2009 ASME Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conferences, October 4-7, West Lafayette, IN

Mathematical Model The goal of optimal planning on capacitor in power distribution network is the installation location and compensation capacity of fixed parallel capacitor, which makes total loss reduction benefits maximum in every static period, that means power distribution network loss being minimum.
The maximum loss reduction benefits are taken as objective function during the planning period, namely
a) Input original data, taboo step is 4, the maximum iterative steps is 10 for the same continuous optimal solution.
A 34 nodes distribution system is optimized, whose data is taken from literature [7].
:‘A new technique for loss reduction using compensating capacitors applied to distribution systems with varying load condition’ [J].IEEE Trans.

Some sections contain additional gauges with the intention of extracting more detailed data.
In addition an alternative load capacity method will be illustrated utilising data from the instrumentation of the void form flat slab.
Cost analysis A cost analysis was carried out to illustrate the benefit of utilising instrumentation data when estimating structural capacity and the subsequent retrofitting of structures.
However there was a considerable reduction in the amount of FRP (i.e. no. of layers etc.) required when utilising the data from the instrumented slab.
Vollum, Prediction of slab deflections and validation against Cardington data, Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers; Structures and Buildings, vol. 152 (2002) pp. 235-248

In high permeability sandstone formations or sandpacks, fines migration pose major concerns in the oil industry as it leads to reduction in oil/gas production.
With this modeling package, multiple sensitivity scenarios were carried out to test and validate the setup using conventional well data from North Sea fields .
The data were then used in analysing damaged permeability profiles.
Use of single permeability value fixed across a field block, results in mis-match seen in production or injection profiles between measured data and simulated data, the later being higher in many real cases.
In Fig. 4, show the matching trends of the simulation data for a 10microns grain diameter flowing in liquid medium through a 1000mD sand-face permeability rock and the MATLAB prediction.

Citation & Copyright (to be inserted by the publisher ) Monte Carlo Modelling of Recrystallization Mechanisms in Wire-Drawn Copper from EBSD Data.
The complete experimental set of data was taken mainly from Electron Back Scattered Diffraction measurements in a Scanning Electron Microscope.
In the case of wire-drawn ETP (Electrolytic Tough Pitch) copper deformed at ∆=38 % (reduction in area), the calculations have been performed from several 200*200 µm² size matrix, defined with a step size of 0.5 µm (a hexagonal step has been selected).
From this data, the Avrami plot has been calculated.
Conclusions The Monte Carlo modelling from a complete set of experimental data has been applied to simulate nucleation and growth in wire-drawn copper deformed to a moderate strain.

Recent data have shown that nitrogen oxides has become the main source of acid composition of some cities in China.
Control nox emissions in the flue gas denitration technology, mainly has the following several ways: (1) and selective catalytic reduction method; (2) the selective catalytic reduction method. (3) plasma process denitration at the same time; (4) absorption adsorption method. 2.1 the selective catalytic reduction process denitration technology (SCR) Selective catalytic reduction is one of the most widely used industrial denitration technology, SCR power station at home and abroad has become a denitrification mature mainstream technology, can be used in power plants and industrial boilers, internal combustion engine, such as chemical plants and steel mills[6].
Under the condition of rich oxygen, replaced by hydrocarbon NH3, selective reduction NOx, namely: NOx + HC + O 2 → N2 + CO2 + H2O (6) SCR - HC reaction was found before the oxidizing atmosphere for the selective reduction of NO with NH3 of bureau be confined to as a reducing agent.
In the research has been started in China, such as the reaction temperature, catalyst to improve the water thermal stability and looking for the matching rule of the catalyst and reducing agent, etc. [8]. 2.2 selective catalytic reduction process denitration technology (SNCR) Selective non catalytic reduction SNCR is to spray in flue gas ammonia or urea containing NH3 free radicals such as reducing agent, under the condition of high temperature and no catalyst, through ammonia free radicals react with NOx in flue gas, the NOx reduction into N2 and H2O.
The research progress of low carbon hydrocarbon selective catalytic reduction of NO [J].

Research Method For this study, quantitative data method collection has been used.
Figure 2 summarizes some interesting data from the sample.
Company Size 6% 20% 74% 11-50 50-250 250 > Fig. 2 Age and Size of manufacturing companies From the data presented in figure 2, 90% of automotive companies in Morocco are aged below 20 years and only 10% are above.
Conclusions Unlike financial and production reporting, which have many standardized sources of data available, environmental data suffers from a lack of consensus regarding how information should be presented, what indicators should be used, and how they are interpreted.
Through the data collected from the semi-structured interviews carried out with a group of companies, this study has identified and analyzed the production and environmental practices within manufacturing companies.

However, it is impossible to obtain fire thermal parameters quantitative data from actual building fires.
To enhance user-friendliness, the IN-FORM interface feature was added in 2001, and can integrate user-entered data with computation modules to facilitate parameter setup, modification of equation solution, and presentation of simulation results.
Result and Discussion This study used various HRRs to discuss the temperature distribution of a beam when two and three sides are exposed to fire, and analyzed the reduction of beam strength of various cross sections as the temperature changed.
As ignition source HRR increases, the level of strength reductions at the beam will gradually reduce.
The analyzing method in this study can focus on the level of strength reduction after a beam is exposed to fire, with which users can accomplish the following: 1. understand whether the original structural strength changed after fire exposure, and 2. identify weaker beam sections for structural reinforcement.