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If the reduction factor is considered smaller the structural security wouldn’t be guaranteed because horizontal seismic loads become smaller.
On the contract, if the reduction factor is considered bigger the cost of the structure will be higher because horizontal seismic loads become bigger.
The reduction factor can be considered approximately a linear distribution when it’s calculated by gradient search procedure.
The different stiffness reduction factors have been calculated in analysis by software ANSYS.
Acknowledgements The authors grateful acknowledge test data provided by Prof.

Data Rate.
The data shown are recorded using one of the 90° detector bank, with three detector modules.
The data rate should double if data from both sides of the 90° detector banks are summed.
Background Reduction.
Future expansion of the detector coverage will further reduce the data collection time.

Big Data tools are already being used for this purpose by a growing number of companies [20].
It relates to BI (business intelligence) systems and Big Data solutions that have significantly expanded the possibilities available within the scope of BI tools (especially in the case of big, real-time, unstructured data sets) [20], [24].
They relate to such aspects as: regulations concerning the place of data storage and access to that data; data ownership, privacy and data protection issues; the applicability of the law connected with data protection and the scope of vendors’ responsibility (including liability for data residing in a particular online location).
Davenport, Big Data at Work: Dispelling the Myths, Uncovering the Opportunities, Harvard Business School Press, Boston, 2014
Wielki, Implementation of the Big Data concept in organizations – possibilities, impediments and challenges, in: M.

The actual production data shows LTP-DS process is able to improve the performance and quality of high strength steel from all aspects.
This has been already fully proved by actual production data.
Fig. 1 Leveler and Temper passing Process for finishing of hot rolled high strength steel Actual application data of LTP process.
This has also been proved by practical production data.
Practical production data shows: (1) LTP-DSV process has higher capability for controlling residual stress level and performance stability of products than the traditional hot temper passing process

This paper presents an experimental finding in the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) technique to obtain a better compressive stress strain data for rubber materials.
In this paper, we modified the conventional SHPB technique to obtain more accurate dynamic compressive stress strain data for NBR rubber.
These fluctuations cause the invalid stress strain data of the SHPB experimental in rubber material.
It improves the validity of experimental stress-strain data extracted from the SHPB method by keeping the duration of loading period under a constant strain rate longer than without a pulse shaper.
The pulse shaper offers an optimum incident pulse that make the experimental stress-strain data valid under high strain rate using the SHPB technique in rubber specimen.

An experimental comparison is presented which shows a good correlation between the simulated and the measured data, furthermore, the possible reasons for the deviations are eventually discussed.
The current goal with this simulation model is to try to simulate the stator winding’s temperature as close as possible to measurement data while having the option for the future to calculate almost every component’s temperature accurately with minor changes to the model.
Fig.8: Comparison of simulation results to measurement data Another possible usage in the future would be to determine design errors in the early phase of development.
Fig.9: Velocity vectors colored by temperature Summary The original goal at the beginning was to get a good match in terms of temperature between the CFD simulation and the measurement data at the stator winding.
Aerodynamic noise numerical simulation and noise reduction study on automobile alternator.

The predictions of the earing profile after each step are compared to experimental data.
Thereby it is assured that the reduced data is representative for the considered aluminum alloy.
In Fig. 2 a comparison of the pole figures of the original (left) and the reduced data (right) is shown.
Although the latter consists of only 2% of the original orientation data, the pole figures are still in good agreement.
Böhlke, Preprocessing of Texture Data for an Efficient Use in Homogenization Schemes.

Data from Literature Table 2 shows the study of selected diesel-powered cars that give 30% saving in fuel economy.
Survey This study uses primary data from questionnaires.
The research methodology includes sampling design, questionnaire creation, data collection and data analysis.
After collecting data, data analysis was conducted using Microsoft Office Excel and IBM SPSS Statistics 2.0.
All data were analyzed according to the objectives of the study and presented in tables and diagrams.

The quantitative data of the decrease in the concentration of textile dye solution were measured by using UV-Vis spectrometer and simple spectrometer which was developed recently.
From the measurement of the unirradiated solution (in the dark environment) and membrane without TiO2, it appears that there was a reduction in the concentration of the textile dye solution, but not too much compared to the irradiated fiber membrane TiO2/styrofoam.
Based on the percentage of reduction in concentration that can be calculated from the above data, the percentage of the decrease in the concentration of the solution for 30 hours can be obtained as Table 1 follows.
The decrease in absorbance of the photocatalyst test solution for 30 hours was obtained, this change has proved that there has been a reduction in the concentration of textile dye due to photocatalysis processes that occur in titania.

It has been shown that if the chair was made of UFG aluminium alloy the mass reduction would be approximately 30 %.
Data for finite element calculations parameters (Youngs modulus, elastic limit) were taken as an average from five specimens.
HE processing brings about grain size reduction down to about 300 nm, as illustrated in Table 1.
Results showed a reduction from 10 to 7.5 kg.
Replacing conventional alloys in structural parts is effective in mass reduction.