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Thermal management is one key step of module packaging design.
Module structure is comprised of seven layers of different material compositions, including six different contact interfaces, as shown below in Figure 1 (a) and (b).
The values of the R’s and C’s can be estimated using the module’s material properties and physical dimensions [8].
According to the IGBT module with 1500A/3300V rating power, the specific geometric dimensions and material properties are listed in Table 1.
Pluschke: State-of-the-art Power Module Design for Renewable Energy Application, Journal of International Council on Electrical Engineering, 2 (2012) 79-83

Introduction The spinning production is a complex industrial process, and the yarn quality is mainly affected by the materials, equipment and other key process parameters.
The simulation process is as follows: According to actual production requirements for process parameters and raw materials index, press random numbers uniformly distributed random 1 group was used to simulate experimental conditions and uses the paper’s network for prediction, Chosen from the predicted results with minimum yarn unevenness CV value data as the optimal process parameters, the optimum process parameters of simulation part is shown in table 3.
[5] Neural Networks for Appeied Sciences and Engineering-From Fundamentals to Complex Pattern Recognition. / (American) (Samarasinghe.

Li, A Method of Tools AE Signal Feature Extraction Based on Wavelet Packet Analysis, In: Key Engineering Materials, Vol. 474-476 (2011) 189-194
Peng, Development and Performance Evaluation of EGR System on Light Duty Vehicle, In: Advanced Materials Research, Vol. 860-863 (2013) 1710-1714.

Main raw materials: heavy oil samples in Liaohe oilfield Experimental Methods Weigh a certain amount of heavy oil and add water with the mass fraction of 30% to 300mL of intermittent high-temperature autoclave soluble organic acid catalyst with the mass fraction of 0.1%, hydrogen donor mass fraction formic acid as well as urea additives with the mass fraction of 7%.
This phenomenon explains that due to evaporation and the material diluted by the heavy oil which carries aliphatic side chains (generated by thermal effects), it results in a more stable hydrocarbons.
Structure determination and analysis of asphaltine before and after upgrading and viscosity reaction under the effect of additive Infrared Spectroscopy.Infrared spectroscopy is one of the methods to identify the material structure and contained functional groups.
Generally speaking, the chemical reaction of these processes is quite complex, but its basic principle, the nature of thermal activation, the primary key break, free radicals and its basic response should be very similar.
Chemical Engineering Progress, 27 (9):1453-1459(2008) [3] Liu Yongjian, Zhao Jun, Zhao Guo, et al. experimental study on the upgrading of aquathermolysis of Hydrogen formic acid in heavy oil [J].

Wasewar1,c 1 Chemical Engineering Department VNIT, Nagpur, India 440010 arohit.chemin@gmail.com, b shriramsonawane@gmail.com (corresponding author), c k_wasewar@rediffmail.com, [Submitted: May 22, 2012; revised: September 29, 2012; accepted: December 18, 2012] Keywords: Crystalline TiO2 nanoparticles, Sonication, Hydrolysis, Nanofluid, viscosity, Stability.
Control of the size, shape, and structure of the colloidal precursor is an important factor in determining the properties of the final material.
High-refractiveindex thin films prepared from trialkoxysilane-capped poly (methyl methacrylate)-titania materials, Chem.
Ovenstone, Crystallization of anatase from amorphous titania using the hydrothermal technique: effects of starting material and temperature, J.
Gao, Synthesis of nanosized TiO2 by hydrolysis of alkoxide titanium in micelles, Key Engg.

One of the key challenges facing China is how to achieve sustainable development in the process of urbanization.
Currently, the constructed wetlands have been used to control the lakes that are polluted and lost the capability of natural recovery and to keep the stability of reservoir water and other engineering projects.
Discussion One of the key challenges facing China is how to achieve sustainable development in the process of urbanization.
Water and Wastewater Engineering. vol. 27 (2001), p. 35-36.
Journal of Harbin University of Civil Engineering and Architecture.vol. 32 (1999), p. 88-92.

Research on Modes of Recycling and Remanufacturing with Considering the Carbon Footprint Yue Jiang 1,a * 1 Department of Management Science, School of Management, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 ajiangyuehxg@126.com Key words: carbon tax, mode of recycling and remanufacturing, remanufacture Abstract: Three modes of recycling and remanufacturing are discussed when the carbon tax is imposed, the impact of carbon emissions on the mode of recycling and remanufacturing is further analyzed.
The raw materials and manufacturing process of each product are the same as each other, so the carbon emissions of each product in the manufacturing process are the same as each other, we assume that is Ωn.
Computer and Chemical Engineering, 2009, 34( 5):782-789
Computer Aided Chemical Engineering, 2010, (28):139-144

SWOT Analysis & Strategic Research on Sino-Russia Energy Cooperation Xiuli Liu1, a,Yanbin Sun2, b,Dongxu Yan3,c,Junxiang Hao4,d 1, 2 School of economics and management, Northeast Petroleum University, China 3 School of Physics, Southeast University, China 4 School of Civil Engineering, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, China a liuxiuli1969@126.com, b syb@nepu.edu.cn, c ydx@126.com, d hjx@126.com Keywords: Petrochemical Industry; Low Carbon; System Dynamics; China Abstract.
Russian’s eastern development shall be based on energy development; so that Russia’s economic cooperation with China has to put energy development as the key field.
Resources, including oil and natural gas, are the indispensable raw materials for the industrial manufacturing in various countries in the world; in order to ensure the smooth production, countries’ demands on resources will go up constantly; consequently, the global floating of production factors and resources, brought about by the economic globalization, will objectively force Russia to expand its export of oil and natural gas.
Thermal Engineering. 2010, (14): 37-40

Gilbert1, b, Nadia Baldassino2, c and Hong Guan1,d 1Griffith School of Engineering, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia 2Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy a nima.talebian@griffithuni.edu.au , b b.gilbert@griffith.edu.au , c nadia.baldassino@ing.unitn.it, d h.guan@griffith.edu.au Keywords: Steel storage racks, Cold-formed steel, Upright frames, Shear stiffness, Structural performance Abstract.
Material non-linearity was modelled using the von Mises yield criteria and isotropic hardening.
The model was analysed in displacement control and non-linear geometry and material analyses were run.
Considering both the global deformation of the frame and local deformation of the bolted connections are key factors to accurately capture the transverse shear behaviour of bolted cold-formed steel storage rack upright frames.

A modular image search engine based on key words and color features[J].
Advanced Materials Research.2011, 267:1010-1013 [4] Bogdan Popescu, Andreea Iancu, etc．
Computer and Digital Engineering, 2009,5 (37) :130-132
Computer Engineering and Science, 2011,33 (8) :106-111.