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It was also seen on SEM that the primary grain size, regardless of when reduction occurred compared to sintering of the material, is less than 5 µm.
The amount of nickel oxide in the powders was varied such that, after reduction, there would be 15-35 volume percent nickel metal.
The 15, 20, 25, and 30 vol% Ni samples all show a reduction in sintering activity at ~1200°C, as indicated by the knee in the curve at this temperature.
The sharp increase in shrinkage for all compositions occurs over a temperature range corresponding to a slightly endothermic event occurring between approximately 1000°C and 1200ºC in the DTA/TGA data shown in Figure 2.
Reduction Route Study.

Reduction of heat of sublimation of silver chloride with excess of chloride ions is explained by absence of silver solid surface film and catalytic effect of silver klasters formed during the process of irradiation.
According to the data of microanalysis ratio between silver and chloride: 1.045:1 for sample AgCl-1 and 1.029:1 for sample AgCl-2 Summary According to the experiments, crystals of silver chloride were differed depending on synthesis conditions: silver chloride synthesized in excess of silver ions was characterized by heat of sublimation about 6813 J/g, what meant that its heat of sublimation rises by 1.8 times.
Reduction of heat of sublimation of silver chloride with excess of chloride ions was explained by absence of the solid surface film of silver and catalytic effect of silver klasters formed during the process of irradiation.

From the structural engineer's perspective, these measures would certainly involve substituting carbon-intensive materials with low-carbon alternatives and embracing adaptive, modular, and reversible designs supported by data-driven models.
Data-driven design and use of smart technologies.
Design supported by data-driven models, such as creating digital twin objects, enables knowledgeable decision-making throughout the building's life cycle.
For example, in the Kalix Bridge Project in Sweden, using higher-quality steel led to a decrease in the amount of steel used, resulting in an estimated carbon reduction of 10-20%.
The steel produced using EAF technology is characterised by the reduction in environmental impact, and still meets structural requirements.

An offset reduction technique for latch type sense amplifier in high performance and high density SRAM Qunling Yu1, a, Na Bai2,b , Yan Zhou3,c, Ruixing Li4,d, Junning Chen5,e and Zhengping Li6,* 1,3,4,5,6 Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Micro-nano Electronic Devices and IC Design, Anhui University, Hefei, China 2 National ASIC System Engineering Research Center, Southeast University Nanjing, China ayuqunling_ad6@126.com, bbaina@seu.edu.cn, czy_yannay@163.com, dliruixinglg@163.com, ejnchen@ahu.edu.cn, *ccdd@ustc.edu(Corresponding Author) Keywords: Offset, sense amplifier, SRAM, standard deviation, latch type, high performance, high density.
In this field, high performance and high density on chip SRAMs are essential to reduce data processing time and minimize chip cost.
Fig. 2 Schematics of typical latch-type sense amplifiers The proposed offset reduction technique is applied on the two topologies.
Conclusions In this paper, a new offset reduction technique has been proposed.

Result and Data Analysis AC Breakdown Voltage It is observed that there is no significant reduction of AC breakdown voltages after ageing as seen in Fig. 1.
The range of the relative permittivity throughout the ageing duration is between 2.79 and 2.81.Only RBDPOE shows a slight reduction of relative permittivity at the ageing duration of 3 days with the percentage of decrement of 0.7%.
After 3 days of ageing,RBDPOCshow a slight decrement of resistivity with the percentage of reduction of 1%.
Conclusion There is no significant reduction of AC breakdown voltage for all RBDPO samples after ageing for this study.
RBDPOB and RBDPOD show a slight reduction trend of dielectric dissipation factor.

Results of tests conducted to assess the specimens’ resistance to WD cycling showed that the addition of a 4% Portland cement–7% Rovene® 4045 mixture resulted in reductions of 86.99% in water absorption, volume changes of 88.55%, and weight changes of 92.84% relative to a sample with only 4% cement after 12 WD cycles.
The results of WT test showed that the permanent deformation characteristics of the mixture were considerably improved by utilization of Rovene® 4045 modification, which resulted in reductions of 218.9% at 25 ˚C, and 356.8% at 50 ˚C in permanent strain of the mixture respectively.
Materials and methods To achieve the goals of this study, three major tasks—a literature review, laboratory investigation, and data pr˚Cessing and analyses were accomplished.
The results indicate that the sample with 7% Rovene® 4045 have the most rutting, however the use of 4% cement–7% Rovene® 4045 mixture resulted in a reduction in rut depth of 218.9% and 356.8% as compared to samples with only cement and Rovene® 4045 under the wheel load at 25 ˚C and 50 ˚C respectively.
The results of a test for determining the resistance of specimens to WD cycling (durability) show that the addition of the 4% Portland cement–7% Rovene® 4045 mixture resulted in reductions of 86.99% in both water absorption and permeability, volume changes of 88.55%, and weight changes of 92.84% relative to a specimen with only 4% cement after 12 WD cycles. 3.

Compared with a reference design, a significant reduction in the total power consumption about 300W, with the well control in temperature, delta factor and die life, has been achieved by the optimization.
The penalty fitness function presents the better performance in the reduction of the iteration generations and computational cost to the jump fitness function. 1.
The design parameters involving the total number of passes, partial reduction, die angle, bearing length ratio and loops in capstan, are selected as the input design variables of the optimization, which are listed in the Table 1.
Table 1 Limits for the input design variables Input variables Lower bound Upper bound Data format TNP: Total number of pass -- 30 1, 2, …, 29, 30 r: Partial reduction (%) 5 20 Continuous DA: Die angle 2𝛼 (°) 10 10 10 Bearing length ratio (%) 25 25 25 Loops on capstan 3.5 3.5 3.5 Objective Functions and Fitness Functions.
The penalty fitness function also present the better performance in the reduction of the iteration generations and computational cost.

The reduction of the peak HRR may be addressed in terms of the contribution of the bamboo.
There was also a significant reduction of mean EHC, mean CO, mean CO2 and mean SEA in the composites compared to the PP.
The variation of the theoretical peak HRR shows a similar pattern to the experimental data obtained.
This char layers leads to a reduction in peak HRR because of the limitation of mass and thermal transfer.
Demand for more natural fibre materials means a reduction in glass use.

By data mining from 3DFEM simulation and Rough Set Theory (RST), it was performed that the extrusion process and die structures effect on the quality of AZ80 magnesium extrudate.
Attributes reduction is the main tooling for data analysis [5].
In the process of reasoning, the results are completely depended on the data and no any subjective experience interference, so as to be more objective.
Therefore the defined information expressed system can be obtained conveniently with relation data table, where a line expresses a attribute of corresponding equivalence relation, where a column expresses a case.
And then the decision table of attribute reduction is calculated again on attribute importance, until the all 0)( >kD aW can be obtained.

The study primarily focuses on projections up to 2030, with an extended outlook to 2050 and 2060 where relevant data and long-term forecasts are available. 2.
It is described as a "home-grown, data-backed, multipronged strategy" aimed at guiding Nigeria to reach net-zero emissions by 2060.
Data and assumptions The data utilized in this study are drawn from a range of credible and authoritative sources to ensure the robustness of the analysis.
ETP is a home-grown, data-backed, multipronged strategy.
Poor data quality and ESG reporting standards deter private investment.