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Online since: May 2007
Authors: M. Mohsen, Ehsan. A.H. Gomaa, A.S. Taha, M.M. Mostafa
From the data analysis of positron experiments the average
lifetime τav of the two main components ( )2211 τττ IIav += and trapping rate κ = I2/I1 (1/τb - 1/τ2)
[where τb =I1/τ1+ I2/τ2] were deduced on the basis of the two state trapping model
[10]
.
In addition to the increase of the amount of Mn and Mg atoms surrounding the excess vacancies [11] and the presence of Mn and Mg may be the reason for the reduction in the size of defects.
These results are in good agreement with the data obtained by Abdel-Hady et al
X Data I2 % 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Al (1050) Al (3004) AnnealingTemperature (K) 250 350 450 550 650 750 850 κ ns-1 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 Fig. (2): The intensity ( I2 % ) and the trapping rate (κ) as a function of annealing temperature of Al (1050) and Al(3004).
The reduction of Hv is associated with the annealing of vacancy defects as well as a reduction of the localized valence electrons concentration at the positron site. 3.
In addition to the increase of the amount of Mn and Mg atoms surrounding the excess vacancies [11] and the presence of Mn and Mg may be the reason for the reduction in the size of defects.
These results are in good agreement with the data obtained by Abdel-Hady et al
X Data I2 % 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Al (1050) Al (3004) AnnealingTemperature (K) 250 350 450 550 650 750 850 κ ns-1 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 Fig. (2): The intensity ( I2 % ) and the trapping rate (κ) as a function of annealing temperature of Al (1050) and Al(3004).
The reduction of Hv is associated with the annealing of vacancy defects as well as a reduction of the localized valence electrons concentration at the positron site. 3.
Online since: May 2012
Authors: Hui Ni Wang, Bing Li, Zhi Qiang Duan
Data sources of study area
SPOT5 satellite remote sensing images in 2003 and the actual datum of aerial photography in 2009 were selected as based data.
DOM data of 2.5 m resolution were obtained according to the SPOT5 satellite remote sensing images in 2003 by ortho rectification, fusion and mosaic.
DOM data of 1.0 m resolution of banding along 20 km of both sides of Yangtze River were obtained according to the actual datum of aerial photography in 2009 by three-dimensional riangulation, topographical correction and mosaic.
analyses on land cover information The changes of land cover information data are divided by land type and is shown in Fig.1.
The rest change is relative less, no obvious explosion or reduction.
DOM data of 2.5 m resolution were obtained according to the SPOT5 satellite remote sensing images in 2003 by ortho rectification, fusion and mosaic.
DOM data of 1.0 m resolution of banding along 20 km of both sides of Yangtze River were obtained according to the actual datum of aerial photography in 2009 by three-dimensional riangulation, topographical correction and mosaic.
analyses on land cover information The changes of land cover information data are divided by land type and is shown in Fig.1.
The rest change is relative less, no obvious explosion or reduction.
Online since: April 2014
Authors: Alexey Zebzeev, Evgeniy Gromakov, Vadim Kuzenkov
Accounting, regulating and administrative documents flow includes binding of official duties, information about the list of project sections, an order of the works which are carried out by the worker, who is allocated with such duties, data on the timing of work, in particular, in a format of the Gantt chart, resources data and the results of project performance etc.
Project organization module assumes to deliver the data for other modules and to be a link in a design work’s management chain.
Each type of tokens is presented by abstract data type (code number of projected object according to the internal classifier of the design organization, posts of executors etc.).
On the basis of the DED management module data, chief engineer of the project can supervise more fully a progress of project performance.
Verification of EPCs: Using Reduction Rules and Petri Nets.
Project organization module assumes to deliver the data for other modules and to be a link in a design work’s management chain.
Each type of tokens is presented by abstract data type (code number of projected object according to the internal classifier of the design organization, posts of executors etc.).
On the basis of the DED management module data, chief engineer of the project can supervise more fully a progress of project performance.
Verification of EPCs: Using Reduction Rules and Petri Nets.
Online since: July 2022
Authors: Welf Guntram Drossel, Sam Coppieters, Mathias Jäckel, Niels Vancraeynest
Then we embark on the strategy to generate the synthetic data base.
These results serve on the one hand as experimental data set for the later training of the data-based models and furthermore as reference data for the validation of the following simulation models.
This confirms that a higher effort in data acquisition and as well as in training is necessary for usable data-based prediction models.
If R> 15 mm a reduction of about 37% of the analytical strength prognosis is required.
In the case of the data-based models, it was shown that the forecast quality depends very strongly on the available quantity and quality of the data.
These results serve on the one hand as experimental data set for the later training of the data-based models and furthermore as reference data for the validation of the following simulation models.
This confirms that a higher effort in data acquisition and as well as in training is necessary for usable data-based prediction models.
If R> 15 mm a reduction of about 37% of the analytical strength prognosis is required.
In the case of the data-based models, it was shown that the forecast quality depends very strongly on the available quantity and quality of the data.
Online since: March 2015
Authors: Yue Li, Qi Wang, Shi Zhong Ma
XinMiaoxi-Xinbei region fuyu reservoir of lower cretaceous quantou forth group sedimentary period develop large shallow-water delta sedimentary, which based on core data and logging information of 44 wells through the analysis of single well facies and logging facies analysis and the research of sedimentary microfacies.
This paper postulates that the study area is shallow water delta depositional system[2] which is mainly on underwater distributary’s channel and distributary’s channel as favorable reservoir belts, based on 44 wells core data(1677.8 meters long), the well log facies analysis of 413 wells, by analyzing single well facies and the study about 12 wells of the plane distributive maps of sedimentary microfacies.
There is obvious medium–weak oxidizing sedimentation characteristics, that is to say delta distributary plain subfacies, river spilling shore and diversion frequently; 5 layer-2 layer, the mud colour is variegated; including underwater channel, cross-bedding, the energy of channel is weak, vertical and plane erosion ability weakened, shows “ mud packing sand” type; sheet sand increases upward; the study area is in weak oxidation-weak reduction environment, namely delta distributary plain –front transition subfacies. 1 layer ,the mud colour is sage green, develops thin sand sheet, horizontal bedding, small-scale cross bedding; the study area is in weak reduction environment-delta front subfacies.
This paper postulates that the study area is shallow water delta depositional system[2] which is mainly on underwater distributary’s channel and distributary’s channel as favorable reservoir belts, based on 44 wells core data(1677.8 meters long), the well log facies analysis of 413 wells, by analyzing single well facies and the study about 12 wells of the plane distributive maps of sedimentary microfacies.
There is obvious medium–weak oxidizing sedimentation characteristics, that is to say delta distributary plain subfacies, river spilling shore and diversion frequently; 5 layer-2 layer, the mud colour is variegated; including underwater channel, cross-bedding, the energy of channel is weak, vertical and plane erosion ability weakened, shows “ mud packing sand” type; sheet sand increases upward; the study area is in weak oxidation-weak reduction environment, namely delta distributary plain –front transition subfacies. 1 layer ,the mud colour is sage green, develops thin sand sheet, horizontal bedding, small-scale cross bedding; the study area is in weak reduction environment-delta front subfacies.
Online since: December 2006
Authors: Takehiko Takahashi, Ikuo Shohji, Susumu Hioki, Osamu Kamiya
The fatigue life was defined as the number of cycles corresponding
to 30% reduction of maximum stress amplitude.
In this case, the fatigue life estimated from 30% stress reduction at R.T., 80 and 120o C was 5371, 4511 and 1171 cycles for Sn-3.5Ag, and 5981, 1141 and 381 cycles for Sn0.7Cu, respectively.
For contrasting the stress reduction, almost 90% of saturation level could coincide a rapid cyclic softening starting cycle, which was almost equal to fatigue life from 30% stress reduction, in Sn-3.5Ag at R.T. and 80o C and in Sn-0.7Cu at R.T.
Figure 6 shows comparing the fatigue lives from 30% stress reduction and surface deformation satiated to 90% at all temperatures.
However, stress reduction at the time of fatigue life from surface deformation was slightly little from the stress level at fatigue life from cyclic softening, due to its gentle long slope of tensile stress.
In this case, the fatigue life estimated from 30% stress reduction at R.T., 80 and 120o C was 5371, 4511 and 1171 cycles for Sn-3.5Ag, and 5981, 1141 and 381 cycles for Sn0.7Cu, respectively.
For contrasting the stress reduction, almost 90% of saturation level could coincide a rapid cyclic softening starting cycle, which was almost equal to fatigue life from 30% stress reduction, in Sn-3.5Ag at R.T. and 80o C and in Sn-0.7Cu at R.T.
Figure 6 shows comparing the fatigue lives from 30% stress reduction and surface deformation satiated to 90% at all temperatures.
However, stress reduction at the time of fatigue life from surface deformation was slightly little from the stress level at fatigue life from cyclic softening, due to its gentle long slope of tensile stress.
Online since: October 2016
Authors: Michael F. Ling, Andrew P. Hunt, Ping Tan, Horace Billon, Ki Chun Ng
Once the manikin skin temperature and power input had stabilised (±3%), 30 min of baseline data was recorded at 1 min intervals.
The reduction in V50 with the addition of the coating is very likely due to the added mass per unit area of the coated sample leading to a reduction in the efficiency of impact energy transfer away from the impact point.
In this case the net result is a reduction in the V50, although this is not excessive and is within the ±15% margin we have noted from previous testing at this laboratory.
Of course the added weight burden of the added PCM then leads to a significant reduction in ballistic efficiency.
Conclusions The effect of adding the PCM to the SAI led to a marginal reduction in the V50 but, due to the added mass of PCM, to a very significant reduction in ballistic efficiency.
The reduction in V50 with the addition of the coating is very likely due to the added mass per unit area of the coated sample leading to a reduction in the efficiency of impact energy transfer away from the impact point.
In this case the net result is a reduction in the V50, although this is not excessive and is within the ±15% margin we have noted from previous testing at this laboratory.
Of course the added weight burden of the added PCM then leads to a significant reduction in ballistic efficiency.
Conclusions The effect of adding the PCM to the SAI led to a marginal reduction in the V50 but, due to the added mass of PCM, to a very significant reduction in ballistic efficiency.
Online since: May 2017
Authors: Petr Harazim, Lukáš Vrablik
Simulated results were compared with experimentally ascertained data and guidelines.
The most important effect of wind ribs is the reduction of a maximum suction on both sides of the cooling tower.
This calculated data are in agreement with Pirner [6].
The wind ribs have best efficiency for angle α = 90 ° and lowest at angle α = 45 ° for reduction minimum of pressure distribution coefficient.
The most important effect of wind ribs is the reduction of a maximum suction on both sides of the cooling tower.
This calculated data are in agreement with Pirner [6].
The wind ribs have best efficiency for angle α = 90 ° and lowest at angle α = 45 ° for reduction minimum of pressure distribution coefficient.
Online since: October 2022
Authors: Bruno B.F. da Costa, Vinicius C. Cardoso, Gabriel S.S. Louro, Ananda A. Stroke, Isabela M. Assumpção, George V. Brigagão
This information was used as input data into Solidworks software to simulate the heat distribution inside the building.
The temperatures of the bottom sides of the roof were obtained in loco in the analyzed residence and in a residence with similar characteristics, but without the GR, and constituted the input data for a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation, in order to obtain the average temperature difference between the internal and external environments of the buildings.
This information constituted the input data for the CFD simulation, carried out in Solidworks software, to obtain the average temperature difference between the internal and external environments of the buildings.
The main type of heat transfer to be used between the roof and the indoor environment was convection, in order to simplify the model and avoid inconsistencies in the results due to the lack of experimental data related to the set of materials used in the GR.
Exploring the reduction of energy demand of a building with an eco-roof under different irrigation strategies.
The temperatures of the bottom sides of the roof were obtained in loco in the analyzed residence and in a residence with similar characteristics, but without the GR, and constituted the input data for a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation, in order to obtain the average temperature difference between the internal and external environments of the buildings.
This information constituted the input data for the CFD simulation, carried out in Solidworks software, to obtain the average temperature difference between the internal and external environments of the buildings.
The main type of heat transfer to be used between the roof and the indoor environment was convection, in order to simplify the model and avoid inconsistencies in the results due to the lack of experimental data related to the set of materials used in the GR.
Exploring the reduction of energy demand of a building with an eco-roof under different irrigation strategies.
Online since: January 2018
Authors: Meiry Gláucia Freire Rodrigues, Janaína C. Marinho, Tellys Lins de Almeida Barbosa
Table 1 shows the results kinematic viscosity and the percentage reduction in viscosity of biodiesels obtained using as catalysts SBA-15 and Al-SBA-15 (Si/Al = 10 and 100).
Sample Kinematic viscosity [mm2/s] reduction in viscosity [%] Soybean oil 34.28 - Biodiesel (SBA-15) 32.45 5.33 Biodiesel (Si/Al=10) 28.68 15.64 Biodiesel (Si/Al=100) 30.67 10.51 Based on the data presented in Table 1, it is found that the viscosity value for the soybean oil was 34.28 mm2/s (40°C).
This value is in agreement with data in the literature [17], 35.00 mm2/s (40°C).
Observing the values found for the viscosities kinematics for SBA-15 catalysts, Al-SBA-15 (Si / Al = 10 and 100) for a time of 4 hours reaction, reduction is found to 5:33, 15.64 and 10:51%, compared with the value of the cinematic viscosity pure soybean oil.
The introduction of aluminum showed an increase in acidity, as shown by FTIR analysis and reduction in the kinematic viscosity.
Sample Kinematic viscosity [mm2/s] reduction in viscosity [%] Soybean oil 34.28 - Biodiesel (SBA-15) 32.45 5.33 Biodiesel (Si/Al=10) 28.68 15.64 Biodiesel (Si/Al=100) 30.67 10.51 Based on the data presented in Table 1, it is found that the viscosity value for the soybean oil was 34.28 mm2/s (40°C).
This value is in agreement with data in the literature [17], 35.00 mm2/s (40°C).
Observing the values found for the viscosities kinematics for SBA-15 catalysts, Al-SBA-15 (Si / Al = 10 and 100) for a time of 4 hours reaction, reduction is found to 5:33, 15.64 and 10:51%, compared with the value of the cinematic viscosity pure soybean oil.
The introduction of aluminum showed an increase in acidity, as shown by FTIR analysis and reduction in the kinematic viscosity.